switch 語句用于基于不同的條件來執行不同的動作。
JavaScript Switch 語句
請使用 switch 語句來選擇要執行的多個代碼塊之一。
語法
switch(n) { case 1: 執行代碼塊 1 break; case 2: 執行代碼塊 2 break; default: n 與 case 1 和 case 2 不同時執行的代碼 }
工作原理:首先設置表達式 n(通常是一個變量)。隨后表達式的值會與結構中的每個 case 的值做比較。如果存在匹配,則與該 case 關聯的代碼塊會被執行。請使用 break 來阻止代碼自動地向下一個 case 運行。
實例
顯示今日的周名稱。請注意 Sunday=0, Monday=1, Tuesday=2, 等等:
var day=new Date().getDay(); switch (day) { case 0: x="Today it's Sunday"; break; case 1: x="Today it's Monday"; break; case 2: x="Today it's Tuesday"; break; case 3: x="Today it's Wednesday"; break; case 4: x="Today it's Thursday"; break; case 5: x="Today it's Friday"; break; case 6: x="Today it's Saturday"; break; }
x 的結果:
Today it's Wednesday
親自試一試
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>點擊下面的按鈕來顯示今天是周幾:</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()">點擊這里</button>
<p id="demo">時間</p>
<script>
function myFunction()
{
var x;
var d=new Date().getDay();
switch (d)
{
case 0:
x="Today it's Sunday";
break;
case 1:
x="Today it's Monday";
break;
case 2:
x="Today it's Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
x="Today it's Wednesday";
break;
case 4:
x="Today it's Thursday";
break;
case 5:
x="Today it's Friday";
break;
case 6:
x="Today it's Saturday";
break;
}
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML=x;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
default 關鍵詞
請使用 default 關鍵詞來規定匹配不存在時做的事情:
實例
如果今天不是周六或周日,則會輸出默認的消息:
var day=new Date().getDay(); switch (day) { case 6: x="Today it's Saturday"; break; case 0: x="Today it's Sunday"; break; default: x="Looking forward to the Weekend";
}
x 的結果:
Looking forward to the Weekend
親自試一試