本節重點：
ActionChains 類
context_click() 右擊
double_click() 雙擊
drag_and_drop() 拖動
測試的產品中有一個操作是右鍵點擊文件列表會彈出一個快捷菜單，可以方便的選擇快捷菜單中的選擇對文件進行操作（刪除、移動、重命名），之前學習元素的點擊非常簡單：
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).click()
那么鼠標的雙擊、右擊、拖動等是否也是這樣的寫法呢？例如右擊：
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).context_click()
經過運行腳本得到了下面的錯誤提示：
AttributeError: 'WebElement' object has no attribute 'context_click'
提示右點方法不屬于webelement 對象，通過查找文檔，發現屬于ActionChains 類，但文檔中沒有具體寫法。這里要感謝 北京-QC-rabbit 的指點，其實整個python+selenium 學習過程都要感謝 北京-QC-rabbit 的指點。
下面介紹鼠標右鍵的用法，以快播私有云為例：
#coding=utf-8 from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import time driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(http://passport.kuaibo.com/login/?referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fwebcloud.kuaibo.com%2F) #登陸快播私有云
driver.find_element_by_id("user_name").send_keys("username")
driver.find_element_by_id("user_pwd").send_keys("123456")
driver.find_element_by_id("dl_an_submit").click()
time.sleep(3) #定位到要右擊的元素
qqq =driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]")
#對定位到的元素執行鼠標右鍵操作
ActionChains(driver).context_click(qqq).perform()
'''
#你也可以使用三行的寫法，但我覺得上面兩行寫法更容易理解
chain = ActionChains(driver)
implement = driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]")
chain.context_click(implement).perform()
'''
time.sleep(3) #休眠3秒
driver.close() |
這里需要注意的是，在使用ActionChains 類之前，要先將包引入。
右擊的操作會了，下面的其它方法比葫蘆畫瓢也能寫出來。
鼠標雙擊的寫法：
#定位到要雙擊的元素
qqq =driver.find_element_by_xpath("xxx")
#對定位到的元素執行鼠標雙擊操作
ActionChains(driver).double_click(qqq).perform()
鼠標拖放操作的寫法：
#定位元素的原位置
element = driver.find_element_by_name("source")
#定位元素要移動到的目標位置
target = driver.find_element_by_name("target") #執行元素的移動操作
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(element, target).perform() |
ActionChains 類不僅僅是只包含了上面的三個方法，下面將方法列出：
class ActionChains(driver) driver:The WebDriver instance which performs user actions.
Generate user actions. All actions are stored in the ActionChains object. Call perform() to fire stored actions.
– perform()
Performs all stored actions.
– click(on_element=None)
Clicks an element.
on_element:The element to click. If None, clicks on current mouse position.
– click_and_hold(on_element)
Holds down the left mouse button on an element.
on_element:The element to mouse down. If None, clicks on current mouse position.
– context_click(on_element)
Performs a context-click (right click) on an element.
on_element:The element to context-click. If None, clicks on current mouse position.
– double_click(on_element)
Double-clicks an element.
on_element:The element to double-click. If None, clicks on current mouse position.
– drag_and_drop(source, target)
Holds down the left mouse button on the source element, then moves to the target element and releases the mouse button.
source:The element to mouse down.
target: The element to mouse up.
– key_down(key, element=None)
Sends a key press only, without releasing it. Should only be used with modifier keys (Control, Alt andShift).
key:The modifier key to send. Values are defined in Keys class.
element:The element to send keys. If None, sends a key to current focused element.
– key_up(key, element=None)
Releases a modifier key.
key:The modifier key to send. Values are defined in Keys class.
element:The element to send keys. If None, sends a key to current focused element.
– move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset)
Moving the mouse to an offset from current mouse position.
xoffset:X offset to move to.yoffset:Y offset to move to.
– move_to_element(to_element)
Moving the mouse to the middle of an element.
to_element: The element to move to.
– move_to_element_with_offset(to_element, xoffset, yoffset)
Move the mouse by an offset of the specificed element. Offsets are relative to the top-left corner of the
element.
to_element: The element to move to.xoffset:X offset to move to.yoffset:Y offset to move to.
– release(on_element)
Releasing a held mouse button.
on_element:The element to mouse up.
– send_keys(*keys_to_send)
Sends keys to current focused element.
keys_to_send:The keys to send.
– send_keys_to_element(self, element,*keys_to_send):
Sends keys to an element.
element:The element to send keys.keys_to_send:The keys to send. |
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