最近有個需求,不去調用系統界面發送彩信功能。做過發送短信功能的同學可能第一反應是這樣:
不使用 StartActivity,像發短信那樣,調用一個類似于發短信的方法
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneCode, null, text, null, null);
可以實現嗎? 答案是否定的,因為android上根本就沒有提供發送彩信的接口,如果你想發送彩信,對不起,請調用系統彩信app界面,如下
Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND, Uri.parse("mms://"));
sendIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
String url = "file://sdcard//tmpPhoto.jpg";
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse(url));
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "MMS:"));
但是這種方法往往不能滿足我們的需求,能不能不調用系統界面,自己實現發送彩信呢?經過幾天的努力,終于找到了解決辦法。
第一步:先構造出你要發送的彩信內容,即構建一個pdu,需要用到以下幾個類,這些類都是從android源碼的MMS應用中mms.pdu包中copy出來的。你需要將pdu包中的所有類
都拷貝到你的工程中,然后自己酌情調通。
final SendReq sendRequest = new SendReq();
final PduBody pduBody = new PduBody();
final PduPart part = new PduPart();//存放附件,每個附件是一個part,如果添加多個附件,就想body中add多個part。
pduBody.addPart(partPdu);
sendRequest.setBody(pduBody);
final PduComposer composer = new PduComposer(ctx, sendRequest);
final byte[] bytesToSend = composer.make(); //將彩信的內容以及主題等信息轉化成byte數組,準備通過http協議發送到 ”http://mmsc.monternet.com”;
第二步:發送彩信到彩信中心。
構建pdu的代碼:
String subject = "測試彩信";
String recipient = "接收彩信的號碼";//138xxxxxxx
final SendReq sendRequest = new SendReq();
final EncodedStringValue[] sub = EncodedStringValue.extract(subject);
if (sub != null && sub.length > 0) {
sendRequest.setSubject(sub[0]);
}
final EncodedStringValue[] phoneNumbers = EncodedStringValue.extract(recipient);
if (phoneNumbers != null && phoneNumbers.length > 0) {
sendRequest.addTo(phoneNumbers[0]);
}
final PduBody pduBody = new PduBody();
final PduPart part = new PduPart();
part.setName("sample".getBytes());
part.setContentType("image/png".getBytes());
String furl = "file://mnt/sdcard//1.jpg";
final PduPart partPdu = new PduPart();
partPdu.setCharset(CharacterSets.UTF_8);//UTF_16
partPdu.setName(part.getName());
partPdu.setContentType(part.getContentType());
partPdu.setDataUri(Uri.parse(furl));
pduBody.addPart(partPdu);
sendRequest.setBody(pduBody);
final PduComposer composer = new PduComposer(ctx, sendRequest);
final byte[] bytesToSend = composer.make();
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
HttpConnectInterface.sendMMS(ctx, bytesToSend);
//
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
t.start();
發送pdu到彩信中心的代碼:
public static String mmscUrl = "http://mmsc.monternet.com";
// public static String mmscUrl = "http://www.baidu.com/";
public static String mmsProxy = "10.0.0.172";
public static String mmsProt = "80";
private static String HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = "";
// Definition for necessary HTTP headers.
private static final String HDR_KEY_ACCEPT = "Accept";
private static final String HDR_KEY_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = "Accept-Language";
private static final String HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT =
"*/*, application/vnd.wap.mms-message, application/vnd.wap.sic";
public static byte[] sendMMS(Context context, byte[] pdu)throws IOException{
HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = getHttpAcceptLanguage();
if (mmscUrl == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("URL must not be null.");
}
HttpClient client = null;
try {
// Make sure to use a proxy which supports CONNECT.
client = HttpConnector.buileClient(context);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(mmscUrl);
//mms PUD START
ByteArrayEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(pdu);
entity.setContentType("application/vnd.wap.mms-message");
post.setEntity(entity);
post.addHeader(HDR_KEY_ACCEPT, HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT);
post.addHeader(HDR_KEY_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE, HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE);
//mms PUD END
HttpParams params = client.getParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, "UTF-8");
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "111");
StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "status "+status.getStatusCode());
if (status.getStatusCode() != 200) { // HTTP 200 is not success.
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "!200");
throw new IOException("HTTP error: " + status.getReasonPhrase());
}
HttpEntity resentity = response.getEntity();
byte[] body = null;
if (resentity != null) {
try {
if (resentity.getContentLength() > 0) {
body = new byte[(int) resentity.getContentLength()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(resentity.getContent());
try {
dis.readFully(body);
} finally {
try {
dis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(tag, "Error closing input stream: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
} finally {
if (entity != null) {
entity.consumeContent();
}
}
}
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "result:"+new String(body));
return body;
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e);
// handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e);
// handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl);
} catch (SocketException e) {
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e);
// handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl);
} catch (Exception e) {
LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e);
//handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl);
} finally {
if (client != null) {
// client.;
}
}
return new byte[0];
}
至此,彩信的發送算是完成了。
總結:android的彩信相關操作都是沒有api的,包括彩信的讀取、發送、存儲。這些過程都是需要手動去完成的。想要弄懂這些過程,需要仔細閱讀android源碼中的mms這個app。還有就是去研究mmssms.db數據庫,因為彩信的讀取和存儲其實都是對mmssms.db這個數據庫的操作過程。而且因為這個是共享的數據庫,所以只能用ContentProvider這個組件去操作db。
總之,想要研究彩信這塊(包括普通短信),你就必須的研究mmssms.db的操作方法,多多了解每個表對應的哪個uri,每個uri能提供什么樣的操作,那些字段代表短信的那些屬性等。
最后推薦個好用的sqlite查看工具:SQLite Database Browser。