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一、SQL PATH

??? 摘自Tom Kyte的《9i&10g Programming Techniques And Solutions》

define _editor=vi
set serveroutput on size 1000000--顯示DBMS_OUTPUT打印的內容
set trimspool on--取出spool標準輸出中每行最后的空格
set long 5000--設置long column的長度
set linesize 120 --每行顯示的字符數
set pagesize 9999--指定一頁顯示多少行
column plan_plus_exp format a80
column global_name new_value gname
set termout off--不顯示輸出內容(spool輸出等)
define gname=idle
column global_name new_value gname--指定一個變量容納查詢出的列值
select lower(user) ||?'@' ?|| substr( global_name, 1, decode( dot, 0,length(global_name), dot-1)) global_name
? from (select global_name, instr(global_name,'.') dot from global_name );--取出global_name中的SID
set sqlprompt '&gname> '--指定gname變量為提示符
set termout on --重新設置顯示輸出內容

二、logon?trigger

??? 我的登錄觸發器，用來記錄所有的登錄情況.

--創建一個序列，用來標識登錄次數

create sequence seq_logon
minvalue 1
start with 1
increment by 1
order;

grant select on seq_logon to public;

create?or replace public synonym seq_logon for sys.seq_logon;

--創建用于記錄登錄信息的表

create table t_logon(num_id integer,
???????????????????? IP_ADDRESS varchar2(30),
???????????????????? HOST varchar2(50),
?????????????????????USER_NAME varchar2(20),
???????????????????? LOG_DATE date)
tablespace users;

grant?all on t_logon to public;

create?or replace public synonym t_logon for sys.t_logon;

--創建logon觸發器

create or replace trigger logon_trigger
after logon on database
begin
??? insert into t_logon
????? (select seq_logon.nextval,
????????????? sys_context('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS'),
????????????? sys_context('USERENV', 'HOST'),
????????????? user,
????????????? sysdate
???????? from dual);
end;

-------------------------------------------------------------

附：sys_context函數的所有參數定義說明：

-------------------------------------------------------------

Parameter?	Return Value
ACTION	Identifies the position in the module (application name) and is set through the
ACTION	DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO package or OCI.
AUDITED_CURSORID	Returns the cursor ID of the SQL that triggered the audit. This parameter is not
	valid in a fine-grained auditing environment. If you specify it in such an
	environment, Oracle Database always returns NULL.
AUTHENTICATED_IDENTITY	Returns the identity used in authentication. In the list that follows, the type of user
	is followed by the value returned:
	■ Kerberos-authenticated enterprise user: kerberos principal name
	■ Kerberos-authenticated external user : kerberos principal name; same as the schema name
	■ SSL-authenticated enterprise user: the DN in the user’s PKI certificate
	■ SSL-authenticated external user: the DN in the user's PKI certificate
	■ Password-authenticated enterprise user: nickname; same as the login name
	■ Password-authenticated database user: the database username; same as the schema name
	■ OS-authenticated external user: the external operating system user name
	■ Radius/DCE-authenticated external user: the schema name
	■ Proxy with DN : Oracle Internet Directory DN of the client
	■ Proxy with certificate: certificate DN of the client
	■ Proxy with username: database user name if client is a local database user;
	nickname if client is an enterprise user.
	■ SYSDBA/SYSOPER using Password File: login name
	■ SYSDBA/SYSOPER using OS authentication: operating system user name
AUTHENTICATION_DATA	Data being used to authenticate the login user. For X.503 certificate authenticated
	sessions, this field returns the context of the certificate in HEX2 format.
	Note: You can change the return value of the AUTHENTICATION_DATA attribute
	using the length parameter of the syntax. Values of up to 4000 are accepted. This is
	the only attribute of USERENV for which Oracle Database implements such a change.
AUTHENTICATION_METHOD	Returns the method of authentication. In the list that follows, the type of user is
	followed by the method returned:
	■ Password-authenticated enterprise user, local database user, or
	SYSDBA/SYSOPER using Password File; proxy with username using
	password: PASSWORD
	■ Kerberos-authenticated enterprise or external user: KERBEROS
	■ SSL-authenticated enterprise or external user: SSL
	■ Radius-authenticated external user: RADIUS
	■ OS-authenticated external user or SYSDBA/SYSOPER: OS
	■ DCE-authenticated external user: DCE
	■ Proxy with certificate, DN, or username without using password: NONE
	You can use IDENTIFICATION_TYPE to distinguish between external and
	enterprise users when the authentication method is Password, Kerberos, or SSL.
BG_JOB_ID	Job ID of the current session if it was established by an Oracle Database background
BG_JOB_ID	process. Null if the session was not established by a background process.
CLIENT_IDENTIFIER	Returns an identifier that is set by the application through the DBMS_
	SESSION.SET_IDENTIFIER procedure, the OCI attribute OCI_ATTR_CLIENT_
	IDENTIFIER, or the Java class
	Oracle.jdbc.OracleConnection.setClientIdentifier. This attribute is
	used by various database components to identify lightweight application users who
	authenticate as the same database user.
CLIENT_INFO	Returns up to 64 bytes of user session information that can be stored by an
CLIENT_INFO	application using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO package.
CURRENT_BIND	The bind variables for fine-grained auditing.
CURRENT_SCHEMA	Name of the default schema being used in the current schema. This value can be
	changed during the session with an ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA
	statement.
CURRENT_SCHEMAID	Identifier of the default schema being used in the current session.
CURRENT_SQL CURRENT_SQLn	CURRENT_SQL returns the first 4K bytes of the current SQL that triggered the
	fine-grained auditing event. The CURRENT_SQLn attributes return subsequent
	4K-byte increments, where n can be an integer from 1 to 7, inclusive. CURRENT_
	SQL1 returns bytes 4K to 8K; CURRENT_SQL2 returns bytes 8K to 12K, and so forth.
	You can specify these attributes only inside the event handler for the fine-grained
	auditing feature.
CURRENT_SQL_LENGTH	The length of the current SQL statement that triggers fine-grained audit or row-level
	security (RLS) policy functions or event handlers. Valid only inside the function or
	event handler.
DB_DOMAIN	Domain of the database as specified in the DB_DOMAIN initialization parameter.
DB_NAME	Name of the database as specified in the DB_NAME initialization parameter.
DB_UNIQUE_NAME	Name of the database as specified in the DB_UNIQUE_NAME initialization parameter.
ENTRYID	The current audit entry number. The audit entryid sequence is shared between
	fine-grained audit records and regular audit records. You cannot use this attribute in
	distributed SQL statements. The correct auditing entry identifier can be seen only
	through an audit handler for standard or fine-grained audit.
ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY	Returns the user's enterprise-wide identity:
	■ For enterprise users: the Oracle Internet Directory DN.
	■ For external users: the external identity (Kerberos principal name, Radius and
	DCE schema names, OS user name, Certificate DN).
	■ For local users and SYSDBA/SYSOPER logins: NULL.
	The value of the attribute differs by proxy method:
	■ For a proxy with DN: the Oracle Internet Directory DN of the client
	■ For a proxy with certificate: the certificate DN of the client for external users;
	the Oracle Internet Directory DN for global users
	■ For a proxy with username: the Oracle Internet Directory DN if the client is an
	enterprise users; NULL if the client is a local database user.
FG_JOB_ID	Job ID of the current session if it was established by a client foreground process.
FG_JOB_ID	Null if the session was not established by a foreground process.
GLOBAL_CONTEXT_MEMORY	Returns the number being used in the System Global Area by the globally accessed
GLOBAL_CONTEXT_MEMORY	context.
GLOBAL_UID	Returns the global user ID from Oracle Internet Directory for Enterprise User
GLOBAL_UID	Security (EUS) logins; returns null for all other logins.
HOST	Name of the host machine from which the client has connected.
IDENTIFICATION_TYPE	Returns the way the user's schema was created in the database. Specifically, it
	reflects the IDENTIFIED clause in the CREATE/ALTER USER syntax. In the list that
	follows, the syntax used during schema creation is followed by the identification
	type returned:
	■ IDENTIFIED BY password: LOCAL
	■ IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY: EXTERNAL
	■ IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY: GLOBAL SHARED
	■ IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY AS DN: GLOBAL PRIVATE
INSTANCE	The instance identification number of the current instance.
INSTANCE_NAME	The name of the instance.
IP_ADDRESS	IP address of the machine from which the client is connected.
ISDBA	Returns TRUE if the user has been authenticated as having DBA privileges either
ISDBA	through the operating system or through a password file.
LANG	The ISO abbreviation for the language name, a shorter form than the existing
LANG	'LANGUAGE' parameter.
LANGUAGE	The language and territory currently used by your session, along with the database
	character set, in this form:
	language_territory.characterset
MODULE	The application name (module) set through the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
MODULE	package or OCI.
NETWORK_PROTOCOL	Network protocol being used for communication, as specified in the
NETWORK_PROTOCOL	'PROTOCOL=protocol' portion of the connect string.
NLS_CALENDAR	The current calendar of the current session.
NLS_CURRENCY	The currency of the current session.
NLS_DATE_FORMAT	The date format for the session.
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE	The language used for expressing dates.
NLS_SORT	BINARY or the linguistic sort basis.
NLS_TERRITORY	The territory of the current session.
OS_USER	Operating system user name of the client process that initiated the database session.
POLICY_INVOKER	The invoker of row-level security (RLS) policy functions.
PROXY_ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY	Returns the Oracle Internet Directory DN when the proxy user is an enterprise user.
PROXY_GLOBAL_UID	Returns the global user ID from Oracle Internet Directory for Enterprise User
PROXY_GLOBAL_UID	Security (EUS) proxy users; returns NULL for all other proxy users.
PROXY_USER	Name of the database user who opened the current session on behalf of SESSION_USER.
PROXY_USERID	Identifier of the database user who opened the current session on behalf of SESSION_USER.
SERVER_HOST	The host name of the machine on which the instance is running.
SERVICE_NAME	The name of the service to which a given session is connected.
SESSION_USER	For enterprises users, returns the schema. For other users, returns the database user
	name by which the current user is authenticated. This value remains the same
	throughout the duration of the session.
SESSION_USERID	Identifier of the database user name by which the current user is authenticated.
SESSIONID	The auditing session identifier. You cannot use this attribute in distributed SQL statements.
SID	The session number (different from the session ID).
STATEMENTID	The auditing statement identifier. STATEMENTID represents the number of SQL
	statements audited in a given session. You cannot use this attribute in distributed
	SQL statements. The correct auditing statement identifier can be seen only through
	an audit handler for standard or fine-grained audit.
TERMINAL	The operating system identifier for the client of the current session. In distributed
	SQL statements, this attribute returns the identifier for your local session. In a
	distributed environment, this is supported only for remote SELECT statements, not
	for remote INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations. (The return length of this
	parameter may vary by operating system.)
AUTHENTICATION_TYPE	This parameter returned a value indicating how the user was authenticated. The same
	information is now available from the new AUTHENTICATION_METHOD parameter
	combined with IDENTIFICATION_TYPE.
CURRENT_USER	Use the SESSION_USER parameter instead.
CURRENT_USERID	Use the SESSION_USERID parameter instead.
EXTERNAL_NAME	This parameter returned the external name of the user. More complete information
EXTERNAL_NAME	can now be obtained from the AUTHENTICATED_IDENTITY and ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY parameter.

-The End-

posted on 2009-03-09 23:24 decode360-3 閱讀(377) 評論(0) 編輯收藏所屬分類: Oracle

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