如果我們有一個(gè)group對(duì)象,它底下有一堆company對(duì)象,company底下有一堆employee對(duì)象,我們可稱這三個(gè)對(duì)象為級(jí)聯(lián)對(duì)象,如果要求將對(duì)象從以下
XML文件中轉(zhuǎn)化過來該怎么做呢?
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root>
<group name="citigroup">
<location>New york</location>
<company name="citibank">
<location>Paris</location>
<employee name="andy">
<age>29</age>
</employee>
<employee name="bill">
<age>30</age>
</employee>
<employee name="cindy">
<age>31</age>
</employee>
</company>
<company name="citisoft">
<location>Dalian</location>
<employee name="doll">
<age>32</age>
</employee>
<employee name="edin">
<age>33</age>
</employee>
<employee name="felix">
<age>34</age>
</employee>
</company>
</group>
</root>
如果集中解析XML的話,解析XML的代碼和創(chuàng)建對(duì)象的代碼將混雜在在一塊,級(jí)聯(lián)關(guān)系越深,代碼將越冗長(zhǎng)難懂而難以修改,使代碼可維護(hù)性不佳;
如果我們讓一個(gè)對(duì)象與相應(yīng)的XML節(jié)點(diǎn)關(guān)聯(lián)起來的話,只需要在構(gòu)造函數(shù)中處理有關(guān)部分的XML.拿Group對(duì)象舉例來說,它只需要知道如何從一個(gè)<group>...</group>節(jié)點(diǎn)中提取name,location以及下級(jí)的company就行了,從XML的角度來說,它只需要辨認(rèn)<group>節(jié)點(diǎn)下的<name>屬性,<location>子節(jié)點(diǎn)和<company>子節(jié)點(diǎn)就行了,轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)象時(shí)只需轉(zhuǎn)化這些內(nèi)容,而下級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)如<company>的內(nèi)容則交給Company類去處理.對(duì)一個(gè)類來說,它只需要知道和成員變量有關(guān)的節(jié)點(diǎn)就行了,其它部分自有上級(jí)或下級(jí)類處理,這樣一層層分治開來,代碼結(jié)構(gòu)將清晰和簡(jiǎn)化起來.
下面是代碼,請(qǐng)注意觀察下面Group,Company,Employee三個(gè)類的構(gòu)造函數(shù):
Group類:
package com.sitinspring.objectxml;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Element;
public class Group 
{
private String name;
private String location;
private List<Company> companies;
public Group(Element element){
this.name=element.attributeValue("name");
this.location=element.elementText("location");
companies=new ArrayList<Company>();
List companyNodes = element.elements("company");
for (Iterator it = companyNodes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Element companyElm = (Element) it.next();
companies.add(new Company(companyElm));
}
}
public Element makeElement(Element parentElm){
Element element=parentElm.addElement("group");
element.addAttribute("name", this.name);
Element ageElm = element.addElement("location");
ageElm.setText(this.location);
for (Iterator it = companies.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Company company = (Company) it.next();
company.makeElement(element);
}
return element;
}
public List<Company> getCompanies() {
return companies;
}
public String getLocation() {
return location;
}
public void setLocation(String location) {
this.location = location;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
Company類:
package com.sitinspring.objectxml;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Element;
public class Company {
private String name;
private String location;
private List<Employee> employees;
public Company(Element element){
this.name=element.attributeValue("name");
this.location=element.elementText("location");
employees=new ArrayList<Employee>();
List employeeNodes = element.elements("employee");
for (Iterator it = employeeNodes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Element employeeElm = (Element) it.next();
employees.add(new Employee(employeeElm));
}
}
public Element makeElement(Element parentElm){
Element element=parentElm.addElement("company");
element.addAttribute("name", this.name);
Element ageElm = element.addElement("location");
ageElm.setText(this.location);
for (Iterator it = employees.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Employee employee = (Employee) it.next();
employee.makeElement(element);
}
return element;
}
public String getLocation() {
return location;
}
public void setLocation(String location) {
this.location = location;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Employee> getEmployees() {
return employees;
}
public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) {
this.employees = employees;
}
}
Employee類:
package com.sitinspring.objectxml;
import org.dom4j.Element;
public class Employee {
private String name;
private int age;
public Employee(Element element) {
this.name = element.attributeValue("name");
this.age = Integer.parseInt(element.elementText("age"));
}
public Element makeElement(Element parentElm) {
Element element = parentElm.addElement("employee");
element.addAttribute("name", this.name);
Element ageElm = element.addElement("age");
ageElm.setText(String.valueOf(this.age));
return element;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
從上面三個(gè)構(gòu)造函數(shù)我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),傳入一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn),程序會(huì)解析這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)并生成一個(gè)對(duì)象.
從對(duì)象生成XML是構(gòu)造函數(shù)的逆過程,思想是一樣的,這里就不贅述了,大家觀察三個(gè)類中的makeElement函數(shù)即可.
調(diào)用過程:
package com.sitinspring.objectxml;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
// 從XML得到對(duì)象
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document= reader.read(new File("group1.xml"));
Element groupElm=document.getRootElement().element("group");
Group group=new Group(groupElm);
// 從對(duì)象得到XML
Document document2 = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element root = document2.addElement("root");
Element groupElm2=group.makeElement(root);
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("group2.xml"));
writer.write(document2);
writer.close();
}
catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
源碼下載(請(qǐng)大家自行加入dom4j包):
http://www.tkk7.com/Files/sitinspring/ObjectXml20070917002818.rar