簡介
上一篇http://www.javaeye.com/topic/15317介紹了ActiveMQ5.0的安裝，這一篇將介紹的配置。ActiveMQ包含了很多features（詳見http://activemq.apache.org/features.html ），
不同的需求，不同的環境，需要不同的features，當然需要不同的配置。在這里我只寫了最基本的配置，算是拋磚了，希望引出更多關于ActiveMQ的高級配置。
假設已經正確安裝ActiveMQ5.0，同時及其IP地址為192.168.1.148，具體使用時可以改為自己的IP。下面講解的配置實現的features如下：
- 客戶端可以通過tcp://192.168.1.148連接ActiveMQ。
- 消息持久化保存，重啟服務器不會丟失消息。
- 可以通過http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin監控ActiveMQ服務器
配置
ActiveMQ默認使用的是XML格式配置，從4.0版本開始用MBean的方式實現XML配置，配置文件在${activemq.home}/conf目錄下，文件名為activemq.xml。最新的默認配置見
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml 。下面為本篇文章使用的配置，及重要部分的解釋。
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:amq="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
- http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
-
-
-
-
-
- <broker xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
-
-
-
- <destinationPolicy>
- <policyMap>
- <policyEntries>
-
- <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
-
- <dispatchPolicy>
-
- <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
- </dispatchPolicy>
-
- <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
-
- <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
- </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
- </policyEntry>
- </policyEntries>
- </policyMap>
- </destinationPolicy>
-
-
- <transportConnectors>
- <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
- <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
- <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
- <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
- </transportConnectors>
-
-
- <persistenceAdapter>
- <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${activemq.base}/data"/>
- </persistenceAdapter>
- </broker>
-
-
- <commandAgent xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"/>
-
-
- <jetty xmlns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
- <connectors>
- <nioConnector port="8161" />
- </connectors>
-
- <handlers>
- <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- </handlers>
- </jetty>
- </beans>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
<!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存儲消息，和子元素persistenceAdapter結合使用 -->
<!-- dataDirectory默認的存儲持久化數據的目錄 -->
<!-- brokerName 設置broker的name，在注意在網絡上必須是唯一的-->
<!-- 更多參考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html#XBeanXMLReference5.0-brokerelement -->
<broker xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
<!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
<!-- wildcards意義見http://activemq.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
<destinationPolicy>
<policyMap>
<policyEntries>
<!-- 這里使用了wildcards，表示所有以EUCITA開頭的topic -->
<policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
<!-- 分發策略 -->
<dispatchPolicy>
<!-- 按順序分發 -->
<strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
</dispatchPolicy>
<!-- 恢復策略-->
<subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
<!-- 只恢復最后一個message -->
<lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
</subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
</policyEntry>
</policyEntries>
</policyMap>
</destinationPolicy>
<!-- The transport connectors ActiveMQ will listen to -->
<transportConnectors>
<transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
<transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
<transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
<transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
</transportConnectors>
<!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
<persistenceAdapter>
<amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${activemq.base}/data"/>
</persistenceAdapter>
</broker>
<!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the ActiveMQ.Agent topic -->
<commandAgent xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"/>
<!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
<jetty xmlns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
<connectors>
<nioConnector port="8161" />
</connectors>
<handlers>
<webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
<webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
</handlers>
</jetty>
</beans>
注釋
關于XML配置中元素的具體信息可以參考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介紹本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。
DispathPolicy
ActiveMQ支持3中不同的分發策略（避免翻譯了以后誤解，這里用原文）：
- <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <simpleDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>：Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.
SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy
ActiveMQ支持6種恢復策略，可以自行選擇使用不同的策略
- <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed count of last messages.
- <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.
- <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：only keep the last message.
- <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：disable recovery of messages.
- <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.
- <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.
PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 講解了關于persistence的信息。ActiveMQ5.0使用AMQ Message Store 持久化消息，這種方式提供了很好的性能（The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.） 默認使用該存儲方式即可，如果想使用JDBC來存儲，可以查找文檔配置。
Summary
本篇文章只提供了基本配置信息。如果需要更多的文章，可以查看ActiveMQ的文檔。
講了安裝和簡單的配置，下一篇將介紹和Sping的整合，以及多個queue，多個topic，多個producer，多個consumer的配置，使用。