一般現在時的構成
一般現在時主要用動詞原形來表示, 當主語是第三人稱單稱時, 動詞後面一般要加-s或者-es.
They want good jobs.
The coat matches the dress.
This work does not satisfy me. [satisfy 滿足, 使滿意]
Do you understand?
一般現在時的用法(一般用法)
1. 表示現在習慣性的動作或存在的狀態.
?? He always takes a walk after supper.
?? Everyone is in high spirits now. [spirit 情緒]
2. 表示客觀事實或普遍真理.
?? The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
?? Sound travels faster through water than it does though air. [travel 傳播]
?? Time and tide wait for no man. [tide 潮, 潮汐] 時間不等人
3. 表示主語的特征, 能力和狀態.
?? This cloth feels soft. [cloth 布]
?? I love classical music.
?? The president still seems able to find time to go fishing.[president 總統]
4. 表示按計劃或安排將要發生的動作.
?? The meeting begins at 7:00.
?? We leave here at 8:00 sharp. [sharp 整]
5. 在時間, 條件和讓步狀語從句中表示將來的動作.
?? when you come next time, bring me som magazines.[magazines 雜志]
?? if time allows, we shall go there tomorrow.[shall 將, 會]
?? whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 不管他同意與否, 我都會呆在家裡.
一般現在時的用法(特殊用法)
1. 用於新標題或圖片說明中.
?? China declares manned spaceflight successful.[spaceflight 航天, 宇宙飛行 manned 有人駕駛的]
?? 中國宣布載人航天飛行圓滿成功
?? Laura Bush arrives in Moscow.
2. 用於體育運動, 表演等實況報道中.
?? Francis slips past, passes the ball to YaoMing, who jumps, catches and shoots it into the basket.
?? Now, look I press the button and turn on the machine.
3. 表示告誡或勸說.
?? You mind your own bussiness. 你不要管閒事.
?? if he does that again, he goes to prison.[prison 監獄]
4. 表示現在瞬間的動作.
?? Here comes the bus. 汽車來啦.
?? There goes the bell. 鈴響啦.
一般過去式的構成
一般過去式是用動詞的過去式來表示.
His words fetched a laugh from all present. [present 現在的, 出席的]
他的話使在場的人都笑了.
I did not sleep well last night.
Did you direct the tourist to the hotel?[tourist 旅行者, 旅游者]
你告訴這位游客去旅館的路了嗎?
I visited the Place Museum last year.[Museum 博物館]
一般過去時的用法(基本用法)
1. 表示過去某個特定時間發生的動作或存在的狀態.
?? He suddenly fell ill yesterday. [fell fall的過去式]
?? The engine stopped because the fuel was used up. [fuel 燃料]
2. 表示過去經常發生的動作或存在的狀態.
?? I wrote home once a week at college.
?? He was already in the habit of reading widely in his boyhood.[boyhood 少年時代]
?? 他童年時就養成了廣泛閱讀的習慣.
注: 表示過去的習慣性動作, 除了用過去時外, 還可以用used to或者would來表示.
She used to study late into the night when she was in Senior Three.[Senior Three 高三]
她上高三時經常學習到深夜.
He would sit for hours doing nothing.
過去他常常一坐幾個鐘頭什麼事也不做.
3. 表示過去連續發生的一系列動作.
?? She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully.
?? 她走進房間, 拿起一本雜志, 認真地翻閱了起來.
?? The students got up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read english aloud int the open air.
?? 學生們很早起床, 做早操, 然後在室外朗讀英語.
4. 在時間, 條件狀語從句中表示過去將要發生的動作.
?? We would not leave until the teacher came back.
?? She told me she would not go if it rained the next day.
一般過去式的特殊用法
1. 在虛擬語氣中表示現在或將來時間的動作或狀態.
?? It's time we went.
?? I wish i were twenty years younger.
?? I would rather you didn't do anything for the time being.[rather 寧願, 寧可]
?? 我寧願你暫時先不要采取什麼措施.
2. 在口語中, 一般過去時往往顯示簍婉客氣.
?? I wondered if you could give me a hand. 我想請你幫個忙.
?? Might I come and see you tonight? 我想今晚來看你, 好嗎.
一般現在時和一般過去時的比較
一般現在時要現在的時間相聯系, 而一般過去時和說話的"現在"沒有聯系.
His father is a film director. 他父親是電影導演.(他現還是)
His father was a film director. 他父親曾是電影導演.(現在不是)
How do you like the novel? 你覺得這部小說怎麼樣?(還在看小說)
How did you like the novel? 你覺得這部小說怎麼樣?(民看完小說)