Posted on 2007-02-06 11:47
dennis 閱讀(1391)
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模式與架構(gòu)
?一。緩存過濾器模式
1。概念：緩存過濾器模式是通過使用servlet的filter來動(dòng)態(tài)地緩存生成的頁面，從而提高web層的性能和伸縮性。工作原理非常簡(jiǎn)單，當(dāng)?shù)谝淮握?qǐng)求到來時(shí)，判斷是否可以緩存，可以的話就放在緩存里。當(dāng)下次請(qǐng)求時(shí)，直接從緩存中取出，而不是再次請(qǐng)求。
2。一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)html頁面的緩存：
package?cfexample.controller;
import?java.io.*;
import?javax.servlet.*;
import?javax.servlet.http.*;
/**?*//**
?*用來替代HttpServletReponse的新對(duì)象，以提供緩存能力
?*/
public?class?CacheResponseWrapper?extends?HttpServletResponseWrapper?
{
????private?CacheOutputStream?outStream;
????
????//替換OutputStream和PrintWriter
????private?ServletOutputStream?stream;
????private?PrintWriter?writer;
????
???
????class?CacheOutputStream?extends?ServletOutputStream?{
?
????????private?ByteArrayOutputStream?bos;
?
????????CacheOutputStream()?{
????????????bos?=?new?ByteArrayOutputStream();
????????}
????????
????
????????public?void?write(int?param)?throws?IOException?{
????????????bos.write(param);
????????}
????????
????????public?void?write(byte[]?b,?int?off,?int?len)?throws?IOException?{
????????????bos.write(b,?off,?len);
????????}
????????
????????protected?byte[]?getBytes()?{
????????????return?bos.toByteArray();
????????}
????}
????
?????public?CacheResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse?original)?{
????????super(original);
????}
????
????protected?ServletOutputStream?createOutputStream()?
????????throws?IOException
????{
????????outStream?=?new?CacheOutputStream();
????????return?outStream;
????}
????
????public?ServletOutputStream?getOutputStream()
????????throws?IOException?
????{
????????if?(stream?!=?null)?{
????????????return?stream;
????????}
????????
????????if?(writer?!=?null)?{
????????????throw?new?IOException("Writer?already?in?use");
????????}
????????
????????stream?=?createOutputStream();
????????return?stream;
????}
????
?????public?PrintWriter?getWriter()?throws?IOException?{
????????if?(writer?!=?null)?{
????????????return?writer;
????????}
????????
????????if?(stream?!=?null)?{
????????????throw?new?IOException("OutputStream?already?in?use");
????????}
????????
????????writer?=?new?PrintWriter(new?OutputStreamWriter(createOutputStream()));
????????return?writer;
????}
????protected?byte[]?getBytes()?throws?IOException?{
????????if?(outStream?!=?null)?{
????????????return?outStream.getBytes();
????????}
????????
????????return?null;
????}
}
//CacheFilter.java?過濾器：
package?cfexample.controller;
import?java.io.*;
import?java.net.*;
import?java.util.*;
import?java.text.*;
import?javax.servlet.*;
import?javax.servlet.http.*;
import?javax.servlet.Filter;
import?javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import?javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import?javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import?javax.servlet.ServletException;
import?javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import?javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public?class?CacheFilter?implements?Filter?{
????private?FilterConfig?filterConfig?=?null;
????
????//緩存池
????private?HashMap?cache;
????
????public?CacheFilter()?{
????}
????public?void?doFilter(ServletRequest?request,?
?????????????????????????ServletResponse?response,
?????????????????????????FilterChain?chain)
????????throws?IOException,?ServletException
????{
????????HttpServletRequest?req?=?(HttpServletRequest)?request;
????????HttpServletResponse?res?=?(HttpServletResponse)?response;
???????
????????//緩存子中的鍵URI+查詢字符串
????????String?key?=?req.getRequestURI()?+?"?"?+?req.getQueryString();
????????
????????//只緩存get請(qǐng)求的內(nèi)容
????????if?(req.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("get")?&&?isCacheable(key))?{
????????????byte[]?data?=?(byte[])?cache.get(key);
????????????
???????????//池中沒有，生成并存入
????????????if?(data?==?null)?{
????????????????CacheResponseWrapper?crw?=?new?CacheResponseWrapper(res);
????????????????chain.doFilter(request,?crw);
????????????????data?=?crw.getBytes();
????????????????cache.put(key,?data);
????????????}?
????????????
????????????//?如果有的話，直接得到返回
????????????if?(data?!=?null)?{
????????????????res.setContentType("text/html");
????????????????res.setContentLength(data.length);
????????????????
????????????????try?{
????????????????????OutputStream?os?=?res.getOutputStream();
????????????????????os.write(data);
????????????????????os.flush();
????????????????????os.close();
????????????????}?catch(Exception?ex)?{
????????????????????ex.printStackTrace();
????????????????}
????????????}
????????}?else?{
????????????//?generate?the?data?normally?if?it?was?not?cacheable
????????????chain.doFilter(request,?response);
????????}
????}
????
????//判斷是否可以緩存，考慮一個(gè)配置文件配置哪些可以緩存，此處省去
????private?boolean?isCacheable(String?key)?{
????????return?true;
????}
????
????
????public?void?init(FilterConfig?filterConfig)?{
????????this.filterConfig?=?filterConfig;
????????
????????cache?=?new?HashMap();
????}
????public?void?destroy()?{
????????cache.clear();
????????
????????cache?=?null;
????????filterConfig?=?null;
????}
}
3.實(shí)際應(yīng)用例子：oscache是很好的解決web層緩存的方案！！準(zhǔn)備認(rèn)真讀讀它的源代碼。
二。資源池模式：
1。概念：一個(gè)資源池就是一組預(yù)先生成的對(duì)象，它們可以被出借以便節(jié)省多次chuang創(chuàng)建它們所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間。典型的如：EJB池（Service Locator一般都有一個(gè)ejb的home接口池),數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池。
2。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：A。提高了應(yīng)用的可伸縮性，使資源的創(chuàng)建和開銷不至于失控。B，產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的有效微調(diào)點(diǎn)，通過運(yùn)行時(shí)修改池參數(shù)來影響應(yīng)用的性能等因素。
3。簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn)：
（1）首先一個(gè)創(chuàng)建對(duì)象的工廠：
package?pool;
public?interface?ResourceFactory?{
????public?Object?createResource();
????
????//驗(yàn)證返回的資源，并提供還原
????public?boolean?validateResource(Object?o);
} （2）資源池：
package?pool;
import?java.util.*;
public?class?ResourcePool?{
????private?ResourceFactory?factory;
????
???//參數(shù)
????private?int?maxObjects;
????private?int?curObjects;
????private?boolean?quit;
????
????//出借的資源
????private?Set?outResources;
????
????//可以使用的資源
????private?List?inResources;
????
????public?ResourcePool(ResourceFactory?factory,?int?maxObjects)?{
????????this.factory?=?factory;
????????this.maxObjects?=?maxObjects;
????????
????????curObjects?=?0;
????????
????????outResources?=?new?HashSet(maxObjects);
????????inResources?=?new?LinkedList();
????}
????
???//從池中取資源
????public?synchronized?Object?getResource()?throws?Exception?{
????????while(!quit)?{
????????
?????????????if?(!inResources.isEmpty())?{
????????????????Object?o?=?inResources.remove(0);
????????????????
???????????????if(!factory.validateResource(o))
????????????????????o?=?factory.createResource();
????????????????
????????????????outResources.add(o);
????????????????return?o;
????????????}
????????????
????????????//放入出借池
????????????if(curObjects?<?maxObjects)?{
????????????????Object?o?=?factory.createResource();
????????????????outResources.add(o);
????????????????curObjects++;
????????????????
????????????????return?o;
????????????}
????????????
????????????//沒有可用的，等待
????????????try?{?wait();?}?catch(Exception?ex)?{}
????????}
????
???????//池子已經(jīng)銷毀
????????return?null;
????}
????
????//歸還資源
????public?synchronized?void?returnResource(Object?o)?{
????????
????????if(!outResources.remove(o))
????????????return;
????????
????????inResources.add(o);
????????notify();
????}
????
????public?synchronized?void?destroy()?{
????????quit?=?true;
????????notifyAll();
????}
}
4.實(shí)例：很多開源的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池，ejb模式中的Service Locator等等