Dom4j也可以很方便完成XML文檔的創(chuàng)建、元素的修改、文檔的查詢遍歷等，但dom4j稍比jdom復(fù)雜一點(diǎn)，不過在大片文檔的情況下dom4j的性能要不jdom好。
# 準(zhǔn)備
首先，提供相關(guān)的jar包
Dom4j jar包下載：
http://sourceforge.net/projects/dom4j/files/dom4j-2.0.0-ALPHA-2/
jaxen jar下載：
http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/jaxen/jaxen/1.1.1/jaxen-1.1.1.jar
和dom4j依賴或相關(guān)的jar：
http://dom4j.sourceforge.net/dependencies.html
Junit-jar下載：
http://ebr.springsource.com/repository/app/bundle/version/download?name=com.springsource.org.junit&version=4.8.1&type=binary
其次，準(zhǔn)備測試案例的部分代碼：
package com.hoo.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.QName;
import org.dom4j.dom.DOMAttribute;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.tree.BaseElement;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* <b>function:</b> 使用Dom4j操作XML
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-5 下午06:15:40
* @file DocumentTest.java
* @package com.hoo.test
* @project Dom4jTest
* @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
* @email hoojo_@126.com
* @version 1.0
*/
public class DocumentTest {
private SAXReader reader = null;
@Before
public void init() { reader = new SAXReader();
}
@After
public void destory() { reader = null;
System.gc();
}
public void fail(Object o) { if (o != null)
System.out.println(o);
}
}
# 創(chuàng)建一篇XML文檔
文檔格式如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<catalog>
<!--An XML Catalog-->
<?target instruction?>
<journal title="XML Zone" publisher="IBM developerWorks">
<article level="Intermediate" date="December-2001">
<title>Java configuration with XML Schema</title>
<author>
<firstname>Marcello</firstname>
<lastname>Vitaletti</lastname>
</author>
</article>
</journal>
</catalog>
創(chuàng)建文檔代碼如下：
/**
* <b>function:</b>創(chuàng)建文檔
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-5 下午06:18:18
*/
@Test
public void createDocument() { //創(chuàng)建一篇文檔
Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
//添加一個(gè)元素
Element root = doc.addElement("catalog"); //為root元素添加注釋
root.addComment("An XML Catalog"); //添加標(biāo)記
root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");
//創(chuàng)建元素
Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal"); //添加屬性
journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone"); journalEl.addAttribute("publisher", "IBM developerWorks"); root.add(journalEl);
//添加元素
Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article"); articleEl.addAttribute("level", "Intermediate"); articleEl.addAttribute("date", "December-2001");
Element titleEl = articleEl.addElement("title"); //設(shè)置文本內(nèi)容
titleEl.setText("Java configuration with XML Schema"); //titleEl.addText("Java configuration with XML Schema");
Element authorEl = articleEl.addElement("author"); authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello"); authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");
//可以使用 addDocType() 方法添加文檔類型說明。
doc.addDocType("catalog", null,"file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd");
fail(doc.getRootElement().getName());
//將xml轉(zhuǎn)換成文本
fail(doc.asXML());
//寫入到文件
/*XMLWriter output;
try { output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml"))); output.write(doc);
output.close();
} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();
}*/
}
* DocumentHelper是一個(gè)文檔助手類（工具類），它可以完成文檔、元素、文本、屬性、注釋、CDATA、Namespace、XPath的創(chuàng)建，以及利用XPath完成文檔的遍歷和將文本轉(zhuǎn)換成Document；
parseText完成將xml字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成Doc的功能
Document doc = DocumentHelper.parseText("<root></root>");createDocument創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文檔
Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
如果帶參數(shù)就會(huì)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)帶有根元素的文檔
createElement創(chuàng)建一個(gè)元素
Element el = DocumentHelper.createElement("el");* Document的addElement方法可以給當(dāng)前文檔添加一個(gè)子元素
Element root = doc.addElement("catalog");* addComment方法可以添加一段注釋
root.addComment("An XML Catalog");為root元素添加一段注釋
* addProcessingInstruction添加一個(gè)標(biāo)記
root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");為root元素添加一個(gè)標(biāo)記
* new BaseElement可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)元素
Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal");* addAttribute添加屬性
journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");* add添加一個(gè)元素
將journalEl元素添加到root元素中
* addElement添加一個(gè)元素，并返回當(dāng)前元素
Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article");給journalEl元素添加一個(gè)子元素article
* setText、addText可以設(shè)置元素的文本
authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello");
authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");* addDocType可以設(shè)置文檔的DOCTYPE
doc.addDocType("catalog", null,file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd);* asXML可以將文檔或元素轉(zhuǎn)換成一段xml字符串
doc.asXML();
root.asXML();
* XMLWriter類可以把文檔寫入到文件中
output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml")));
output.write(doc);
output.close();# 修改XML文檔內(nèi)容
/**
* <b>function:</b> 修改XML內(nèi)容
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:37:04
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")@Test
public void modifyDoc() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));
//修改屬性內(nèi)容
List list = doc.selectNodes("http://article/@level"); Iterator<Attribute> iter = list.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) { Attribute attr = iter.next();
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
if ("Intermediate".equals(attr.getValue())) { //修改屬性值
attr.setValue("Introductory"); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
}
}
list = doc.selectNodes("http://article/@date"); iter = list.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) { Attribute attr = iter.next();
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
if ("December-2001".equals(attr.getValue())) { //修改屬性值
attr.setValue("December-2011"); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
}
}
//修改節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容
list = doc.selectNodes("http://article"); Iterator<Element> it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) { Element el = it.next();
fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
//修改title元素
Iterator<Element> elIter = el.elementIterator("title"); while(elIter.hasNext()) { Element titleEl = elIter.next();
fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue());
if ("Java configuration with XML Schema".equals(titleEl.getTextTrim())) { //修改元素文本值
titleEl.setText("Modify the Java configuration with XML Schema"); fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue());
}
}
}
//修改節(jié)點(diǎn)子元素內(nèi)容
list = doc.selectNodes("http://article/author"); it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) { Element el = it.next();
fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
List<Element> childs = el.elements();
for (Element e : childs) { fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
if ("Marcello".equals(e.getTextTrim())) { e.setText("Ayesha"); } else if ("Vitaletti".equals(e.getTextTrim())) { e.setText("Malik"); }
fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
}
}
//寫入到文件
/*XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml"))); output.write(doc);
output.close();*/
} catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace();
}
}
* reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));讀取指定xml文件內(nèi)容到文檔中；
* selectNodes是XPath的查詢方法，完成xml文檔的查詢，傳遞xpath路徑。其使用方法可以參考jdom的xpath的使用方法：
http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/08/11/2134638.html
* getName獲取元素標(biāo)簽名稱、getValue、getText獲取值、文本內(nèi)容；
* elementIterator("title");獲取當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)下所有的title元素，返回Iterator；
* elements獲取下面所有的子元素，返回的是一個(gè)集合List；
# 顯示文檔相關(guān)信息
private String format(int i) { String temp = "";
while (i > 0) { temp += "--";
i--;
}
return temp;
}
/**
* <b>function:</b>遞歸顯示文檔內(nèi)容
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:43:45
* @param i
* @param els
*/
private void print(int i, List<Element> els) { i++;
for (Element el : els) { fail(format(i) + "##" + el.getName() + "#" + el.getTextTrim());
if (el.hasContent()) { print(i, el.elements());
}
}
}
/**
* <b>function:</b>顯示文檔相關(guān)信息
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:44:10
*/
@Test
public void printInfo() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml")); fail("asXML: " + doc.asXML());
fail(doc.asXPathResult(new BaseElement("article"))); List<Node> list = doc.content();
for (Node node : list) { fail("Node: " + node.getName() + "#" + node.getText() + "#" + node.getStringValue()); }
fail("-----------------------------"); print(0, doc.getRootElement().elements());
fail("getDocType: " + doc.getDocType()); fail("getNodeTypeName: " + doc.getNodeTypeName()); fail("getPath: " + doc.getRootElement().getPath()); fail("getPath: " + doc.getRootElement().getPath(new BaseElement("journal"))); fail("getUniquePath: " + doc.getRootElement().getUniquePath()); fail("getXMLEncoding: " + doc.getXMLEncoding()); fail("hasContent: " + doc.hasContent()); fail("isReadOnly: " + doc.isReadOnly()); fail("nodeCount: " + doc.nodeCount()); fail("supportsParent: " + doc.supportsParent()); } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace();
}
fail("getEncoding: " + reader.getEncoding()); fail("isIgnoreComments: " + reader.isIgnoreComments()); fail("isMergeAdjacentText: " + reader.isMergeAdjacentText()); fail("isStringInternEnabled: " + reader.isStringInternEnabled()); fail("isStripWhitespaceText: " + reader.isStripWhitespaceText()); fail("isValidating: " + reader.isValidating());}
# 刪除文檔內(nèi)容
/**
* <b>function:</b> 刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容
* @author hoojo
* @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:47:44
*/
@Test
public void removeNode() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml")); fail("comment: " + doc.selectSingleNode("http://comment()")); //刪除注釋
doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://comment()"));
Element node = (Element) doc.selectSingleNode("http://article"); //刪除屬性
node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory")); //刪除元素 節(jié)點(diǎn)
node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://title"));
//只能刪除下一級節(jié)點(diǎn)，不能超過一級；（需要在父元素的節(jié)點(diǎn)上刪除子元素）
Node lastNameNode = node.selectSingleNode("http://lastname"); lastNameNode.getParent().remove(lastNameNode);
fail("Text: " + doc.selectObject("http://*[text()='Ayesha']")); Element firstNameEl = (Element)doc.selectObject("http://firstname"); fail("Text: " + firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
//刪除text文本
//firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()")); //firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://firstname/text()")); firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));
//刪除子元素author
//node.remove(node.selectSingleNode("http://author"));
fail(doc.asXML());
} catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace();
}
}
* 刪除注釋
doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://comment()"));刪除root元素下面的注釋
* 刪除屬性
node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory"));刪除node節(jié)點(diǎn)中的名稱為level，其值為Introductory的屬性
* 刪除元素
node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://title"));刪除node節(jié)點(diǎn)下的title元素
* 刪除文本
firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://firstname/text()"));
firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("http://*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));刪除firstNameEl的文本內(nèi)容
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posted on 2011-08-11 15:52
hoojo 閱讀(3236)
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