1.下載MySQL
我下載的版本：mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz

2.安裝之前先卸載CentOS自帶的MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql

3.編譯安裝Cmake
下載cmake源碼包：http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

從共享目錄移至usr目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mv /mnt/hgfs/Share-CentOS/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz /usr/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr

解壓并安裝cmake
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap

---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CC.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.

---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
報錯：缺少C的編譯器
解決辦法：安裝gcc編譯器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc

繼續安裝Cmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap

---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
報錯：缺少C++編譯器
解決辦法：安裝gcc-c++編譯器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++

再次安裝
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap
沒有報錯，編譯安裝
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake install

4.正式開始安裝MySQL
添加MySQL用戶和用戶組
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

MySQL源碼包從共享文件夾移至/usr并解壓
[root@localhost ~]mv /mnt/hgfs/Share-CentOS/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz /usr/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd mysql-5.5.22

Cmake運行
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cmake .

開始編譯安裝
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# make && make install

進入安裝目錄，將程序二進制的所有權改為root，數據目錄的說有權改為mysql用戶，更新授權表
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

安全啟動MySQL(默認密碼為空)
[root@localhost mysql]#./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&

報錯：

120908 00:16:25 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.err'.
120908 00:16:26 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

解決方法：
[root@CentOS ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
總用量 29744
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test
[root@CentOS data]# chgrp -R mysql CentOS.err
[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
總用量 29736
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test

連接本機MySQL
[root@localhost mysql]#mysql –u root –p
提示輸入password，默認為空，按Enter即可

斷開連接
mysql>exit;

為root賬戶設置密碼
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
Enter Password:123456

設置選項文件，將配置文件拷貝到/etc下
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/mysql.cnf

設置開機自啟動
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
 

通過服務來啟動和關閉Mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql stop

5.安裝設置完畢，之后使用只需啟動-連接-斷開-關閉，命令如下：
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. [確定]
[root@CentOS mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.22 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.07 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL. [確定]

6.其它：
查看進程命令 ps –ef|grep mysqld
kill進程命令 kill –9 進程號