from： http://nll.im/post/tomcat-apr.html

操作系統(tǒng):Centos6.3
Tomcat:7.0.42
JDK:1.6.0_45
配置:8G,4核.

最近tomcat負(fù)載比較高,默認(rèn)的配置和bio的處理方式已經(jīng)無力支撐.據(jù)說APR能提升50%~60%的性能,所以嘗試下APR優(yōu)化.
APR介紹:

Tomcat可以使用APR來提供超強(qiáng)的可伸縮性和性能，更好地集成本地服務(wù)器技術(shù)。  APR(Apache Portable Runtime)是一個高可移植庫，它是Apache HTTP Server 2.x的核心。  APR有很多用途，包括訪問高級IO功能(例如sendfile,epoll和OpenSSL)，OS級別功能(隨機(jī)數(shù)生成，系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)等等)，本地進(jìn)程管理(共享內(nèi)存，NT管道和UNIX sockets)。這些功能可以使Tomcat作為一個通常的前臺WEB服務(wù)器，能更好地和其它本地web技術(shù)集成，總體上讓Java更有效率作為一個高性能web服務(wù)器平臺而不是簡單作為后臺容器。  在產(chǎn)品環(huán)境中，特別是直接使用Tomcat做WEB服務(wù)器的時候，應(yīng)該使用Tomcat Native來提高其性能。

1. 服務(wù)器安裝GCC

客戶服務(wù)器連不上外網(wǎng),服務(wù)器也沒有g(shù)cc,所以先使用代理連接外網(wǎng),修改/etc/yum.conf,加入代理配置:

proxy=http://10.103.0.46:808

如果需要驗證加入用戶名密碼:

proxy_username=代理服務(wù)器用戶名 proxy_password=代理服務(wù)器密碼

yum使用163的Centos源:參考http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
先備份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

然后下載CentOS6 放入到/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前請做好相應(yīng)備份)

運(yùn)行以下命令生成緩存:

yum clean all yum makecache

然后安裝gcc:

yum -y install gcc

2. 安裝APR

從http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi下載apr,apr-util,apr-iconv. 因為服務(wù)器沒有配置全局的http代理,只是yum代理,所以下載之后傳到服務(wù)器即可.

傳輸完安裝apr:

tar zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make make install

安裝apr-iconv:

tar zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz cd apr-iconv-1.2.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make make install

安裝apr-util:

tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv make   make install

安裝tomcat-native:首先到tomcat/bin目錄下,找到對應(yīng)的tar文件.

tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.1.27-src/jni/native/ ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45 make make install

安裝完成之后 會出現(xiàn)如下提示信息

Libraries have been installed in: /usr/local/apr/lib

添加環(huán)境變量: vi /etc/profile在文件末尾處添加下面的變量

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib

然后執(zhí)行下面命令，使環(huán)境變量即時生效

source /etc/profile

以下為完整安裝腳本:

#setup apr tar zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd ../ #setup apr-iconv tar zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz cd apr-iconv-1.2.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd ../ #setup apr-util tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv make && make install #setup tomcat-native cd /app/apache-tomcat-7.0.42/bin tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.1.27-src/jni/native ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45 make && make install cd / #LD_LIBRARY_PATH echo -e 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib' >> /etc/profile export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib source /etc/profile

3. 配置Tomcat

修改tomcat配置conf/server.xml:

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"         maxThreads="800" minSpareThreads="400"/>        <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received          and responses are returned. Documentation at :          Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)          Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html          APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html          Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080     -->     <Connector port="80" executor="tomcatThreadPool" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"                connectionTimeout="20000"                redirectPort="8443" enableLookups="false" acceptCount="1000"/>

修改為Http11AprProtocol 協(xié)議.

之后啟動tomcat即可.

遇到問題:

SEVERE: Failed to initialize the SSLEngine. org.apache.tomcat.jni.Error: 70023: This function has not been implemented on this platform

請關(guān)閉SSL偵聽，除非你有使用SSL,修改conf/server.xml

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="off" />

壓測結(jié)果:

webbench -c 4000 -t 30 http://10.103.10.140/workbench/index.jsp Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5 Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.  Benchmarking: GET http://10.103.10.140/workbench/index.jsp 4000 clients, running 30 sec.  Speed=484340 pages/min, 2441573 bytes/sec. Requests: 242170 susceed, 0 failed.

參考:

http://www.chepoo.com/tomcat-performance-three-times-is-not-a-dream.html

http://rhomobi.com/topics/36

https://gitsea.com/2013/07/02/tomcat-%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96/

http://pengranxiang.iteye.com/blog/1128905

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/apr.html#Linux

http://www.cnblogs.com/wanghaosoft/archive/2013/02/04/2892099.html