比較老的文章了~不過初學者應該還是有點幫助的~

來自http://www.laliluna.de/index.html

The example application will provide the following functionality.

• Display a book overview (list of books)

• Add, edit and delete a book

Development Tools

Eclipse 3.x

MyEclipse plugin 3.8

(A cheap and quite powerful Extension to Eclipse to develop Web Applications and EJB (J2EE) Applications. I think that there is a test version availalable at MyEclipse.)

Application Server

Jboss 3.2.5

You may use Tomcat here if you like.

Create a JavaServer faces project

Create a new web project. File > New > Project.

Set a nice name and add the JSTL Libraries to the project.

Add the JavaServer faces Capabilities. Right click on the project and choose MyEclipse > Add JSF Capabilities.

The class Book

Add an new package de.laliluna.tutorial.library und create a new class named Book.

Open the class and add the following private properties:

• id

• author

• title

• available

Generate a getter- and setter-method for each property. Right click on the editor window and choose Source > Generate Getter- and Setter Methods.

Furthermore you have to add a constructor, which set the properties if you initialisize the instance variable of the newly object.

The following source code show the class book.

Add a getter and setter for the class.

The database class

We use a class to provide some test data without using a database. Download the sample application of this tutorial and copy the class SimulateDB.java find in the folder src/de/laliluna/tutorial/library/ in the package de.laliluna.tutorial.library.

The class BookList

Create a futher class BookList in the package de.laliluna.library. This class inlcudes the property books, which represent the list of books. Generate a getter- and seter-method for the property books and change the getter-method like the following.

public?class?BookList?{

????//?-------------------------?Properties?---------------------------
????Collection?books;

????//?-------------------------?Getter?and?Setter?--------------------
????
????/**
?????*?@return?collection?of?books
?????*/
????public?Collection?getBooks(){
????????
????????SimulateDB?simulateDB?=?new?SimulateDB();
????????
????????/*?Holt?sich?die?Session?auf?dem?Externen?Context
?????????*/
????????Map?session?=?FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getExternalContext().getSessionMap();
????????
????????/*?Lies?alle?Bücher?auf?der?simulierten?Datenbank?aus
?????????*/
????????books?=?simulateDB.getAllBooks(session);
????????
????????return?books;
????}
????????
????/**
?????*?@param?books?The?books?to?set.
?????*/
????public?void?setBooks(Collection?books)?{
????????this.books?=?books;
????}????
}


Your package
explorer will look like the picture below.

Action listener methods

To provide that a user can add, edit or delete a book, we have to include the appropriate functionality. This functionality will be implemented in action listener methods / classes. If an event occur (ex.: a user clicks on a link) an action listener method / class will be called and processed.

Open the class Book and add four methods , which process the following functionality.

• Initializise a book

• Edit a book

• Save a book

• Delete a book

Initialize a book

Edit a book

Save a book

Delete a book

The file faces-config.xml

The faces-config.xml is the central configuration file of JavaServer faces. In this file you define the workflow of the application (on which action which site will be processed) , the managed bean classes by JSF and something more.

The workflow of the library application looks like the following.

We define a navigation rule for this workflow.

Open the file faces-config.xml and add the following configuration.

Create the JSP files

In the first step we create a JSP file named index.jsp, which forwards the user to the list of books.

index.jsp

In the second step we create the book overview.

listBooks.jsp

With directive taglib we include the JSF tag libraries

<f:view>

Renders a view component. All others tags must be included within this tag.

<h:form?id="bookList">

Renders a HTML form.

<h:dataTable?id="books"?value="#{bookListBean.books}"?var="book"?border="1">

Renders a HTML table. The tag is used to loop over a list of data like a for loop. The parameter value assign a list of data, in our case the list of books of the library. With the parameter var you define the variable used to access a element (a book) of the list within the tag (loop).

<h:column>
?<f:facet?name="header">
?<h:outputText?value="Author"/>
?</f:facet>
?<h:outputText?value="#{book.author}"?/>
</h:column>

? Renders a column with a column header.

Renders a HTML link, which submits the form. The parameter action define the navigation case, which is processed, after the form submits In our case the navigation case editBook, we have added befor in the faces-config.xml, will be processed. We assign the action listener method to the link with the parameter actionListener. After the user submit the form the method will be processed.

The last JSP file includes a form to add and edit a book.

editBook.jsp

<h:inputHidden?id="id"?value="#{bookBean.id}"/>

Renders a HTML hidden element. Value refers to the managed bean bookBean and its property id, which indicated in the faces-config.xml.

<h:panelGrid?columns="2"?border="1">

Renders a HTML table with two columns.

<h:inputText?id="author"?value="#{bookBean.author}">

Renders a HTML text field. Value refers to the property author of our class Book.

<h:commandButton?value="Save"??
?action="listBooks"??????????????????????
?actionListener="#{bookBean.saveBook}"?/>

Renders a HTML submit button with the value save and the action listBooks. The action listener method saveBook will be processed if the user submit the form.

Test the application

Start the jboss and deploy the project as Packaged Archive.

Call the project now http://localhost:8080/LibraryWeb/

Author:

Sascha Wolski

http://www.laliluna.de/tutorials.html Tutorials for Struts, EJB, xdoclet, JSF, JSP and eclipse.