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[原]Hibernate集合映射

[標題]:[原]Hibernate集合映射
[時間]:2009-7-3
[摘要]:Hibernate中Set、List、Map、Array等集合的映射。
[關鍵字]:Hibernate，ORM，關聯，集合，聚合，合成，composite，aggregation，持久化，映射，Abstract，List，Map，Array，Set，DAO，對象，Bag，組合，Bean，包含
[環境]:MyEclipse7，Hibernate3.2，MySQL5.1
[作者]:Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://www.tkk7.com/wintys

[正文]:

   Hibernate中包含關系的映射。包含關系包括聚合(Aggregation)、合成(Composite)關系。關聯強度:合成>聚合>關聯。

1、component映射
   component映射在面向對象概念中是合成關系。
實體類:
public class Person {
   ......
   private Name name;
   ......
}

public class Name {
   private String firstName;
   private String lastName;
   ......
}

配置文件:
<component name="name" class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Name">
   <property name="firstName" />
   <property name="lastName" />
</component>

數據庫表:
   實體類沒有單獨映射為一個表，而是直接存于Person類對應的表中。
CREATE TABLE Person(
   ......
   firstName VARCHAR(50),
   lastName VARCHAR(50),
   ......
);

2、集合映射
   Set、List、Map、Array等集合分別對應著java.util.Set、java.util.List、java.util.Map、數組。在持久化時，集合中的元素通過<element>或<composite-element>映射。

   (1)、<element>對應Java中的基本數據類型(int、float等)，還包括String。
實體類:
public class Person {
   ......
   private Set<String> addresses;//集合里放的是String，所以用<element>映射
   ......
}

配置:(<key>表示PersonAddress的外鍵)
<set name="addresses" table="PersonAddress">
   <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
   <element column="addr" type="string" />
</set>

數據庫表:
CREATE TABLE Person(
   id INT(4) NOT NULL,
   ......
);
CREATE TABLE PersonAddress(
   ......
   addr VARCHAR(200),
   person_id INT(4), -- 外鍵
   ......
);

   (2)、<composite-element>對應復合類型(用戶自定義類型)。
實體類:
public class Person {
   ......
   private Set<Email> emails;
   ......
}

public class Email {
   private String userName;
   private String hostName;
   ......
}

配置文件:
<set name="emails" table="PersonEmail">
   <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
   <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Email">
       <property name="userName" />
       <property name="hostName" />
   </composite-element>
</set>

數據庫表:
CREATE TABLE PersonEmail(
   ......
   userName VARCHAR(100),
   hostName VARCHAR(100),
   person_id INT(4),
   ......
);

   (3)、Set集合直接使用<set>標簽進行映射，而List、Map、Array集合則需要在<list>、<map>、<array>中添加索引字段用于標明位置或key，當然在數據庫中也要相應添加索引字段。
<list name="friends" table="PersonFriend">
   <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
   <index column="indexKey" />
   <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Friend">
       <property name="name" />
       <property name="description" column="theDescription"/>
   </composite-element>
</list>


<map name="relatives" table="PersonRelative">
   <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
   <index column="indexKey" type="string"/>
   <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Relative">
       <property name="name" />
       <property name="description" column="theDescription"/>
   </composite-element>
</map>


<array name="hobbies" table="PersonHobby">
   <key column="person_id" not-null="true" />
   <index column="indexKey"/>
   <element column="value" type="string" />
</array>

   總之，首先選擇集合(如Set)，再在集合映射中配置集合中到底存放的是什么類型的元素(如<element>)。

3、詳細實例
   (1)、實體類

【圖:entity.jpg】

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Person.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.entity;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
* Person
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://wintys.blogjava.net
*
*/
public class Person {
   private int id;
   private int age;
   private Name name;//Person與Name是包含關系
   private Set<String> addresses;
   private Set<Email> emails;
   private List<Friend> friends;
   private Map<String , Relative> relatives;
   private String[] hobbies;

   public int getId() {
       return id;
   }
   public void setId(int id) {
       this.id = id;
   }
   public int getAge() {
       return age;
   }
   public void setAge(int age) {
       this.age = age;
   }
   public Name getName() {
       return name;
   }
   public void setName(Name name) {
       this.name = name;
   }
   public Set<String> getAddresses() {
       return addresses;
   }
   public void setAddresses(Set<String> addresses) {
       this.addresses = addresses;
   }
   public Set<Email> getEmails() {
       return emails;
   }
   public void setEmails(Set<Email> emails) {
       this.emails = emails;
   }
   public List<Friend> getFriends() {
       return friends;
   }
   public void setFriends(List<Friend> friends) {
       this.friends = friends;
   }
   public Map<String, Relative> getRelatives() {
       return relatives;
   }
   public void setRelatives(Map<String, Relative> relatives) {
       this.relatives = relatives;
   }
   public String[] getHobbies() {
       return hobbies;
   }
   public void setHobbies(String[] hobbies) {
       this.hobbies = hobbies;
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Name.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.entity;

/**
* 姓名
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com)
*
*/
public class Name {
   private String firstName;
   private String lastName;

   public Name(){
   }

   public Name(String firstName , String lastName){
       this.firstName = firstName;
       this.lastName = lastName;
   }

   public String getFirstName() {
       return firstName;
   }
   public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
       this.firstName = firstName;
   }
   public String getLastName() {
       return lastName;
   }
   public void setLastName(String lastName) {
       this.lastName = lastName;
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Email.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.entity;

/**
* Email
* e-mail格式:userName@hostName
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com)
*
*/
public class Email {
   private String userName;
   private String hostName;

   public Email(){
   }

   public Email(String userName , String hostName){
       this.userName = userName;
       this.hostName = hostName;
   }
   public String getUserName() {
       return userName;
   }
   public void setUserName(String userName) {
       this.userName = userName;
   }
   public String getHostName() {
       return hostName;
   }
   public void setHostName(String hostName) {
       this.hostName = hostName;
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Friend.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.entity;

/**
* 朋友
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com)
*
*/
public class Friend {
   private String name;
   private String description;

   public Friend(){
   }

   public Friend(String name , String description){
       this.name = name;
       this.description = description;
   }
   public String getName() {
       return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
       this.name = name;
   }
   public String getDescription() {
       return description;
   }
   public void setDescription(String description) {
       this.description = description;
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Relative.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.entity;

/**
* 親戚
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://wintys.blogjava.net
*
*/
public class Relative {
   private String name;
   private String description;

   public Relative(){

   }

   public Relative(String name , String description){
       this.name = name;
       this.description = description;
   }
   public String getName() {
       return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
       this.name = name;
   }
   public String getDescription() {
       return description;
   }
   public void setDescription(String description) {
       this.description = description;
   }

}

(2)數據庫表:

【圖:db1.jpg】

【圖:db2.jpg】

-- author Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://wintys.blogjava.net
-- 2009-07-03
USE db;

-- 先刪除先前存在的表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PersonAddress;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PersonEmail;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PersonFriend;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PersonRelative;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PersonHobby;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Person;

CREATE TABLE Person(
   id INT(4) NOT NULL,
   age INT(4),
   firstName VARCHAR(50),-- Name:firstName
   lastName VARCHAR(50), -- Name:lastName

   PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

CREATE TABLE PersonAddress(
   id INT(4) AUTO_INCREMENT,
   addr VARCHAR(200),
   person_id INT(4), -- 外鍵

   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   CONSTRAINT FK_person_address FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES Person(id)
);

CREATE TABLE PersonEmail(
   id INT(4) AUTO_INCREMENT,
   userName VARCHAR(100),-- email(userName@hostName) user
   hostName VARCHAR(100),-- email(userName@hostName) host
   person_id INT(4),

   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   CONSTRAINT FK_person_email FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES Person(id)
);

CREATE TABLE PersonFriend(
   id INT(4) AUTO_INCREMENT,
   indexKey INT(4), -- List索引
   name VARCHAR(50),-- friend name
   theDescription VARCHAR(100),-- friend description
   person_id INT(4),

   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   CONSTRAINT FK_person_friend FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES Person(id)
);

-- 親戚
CREATE TABLE PersonRelative(
   id INT(4) AUTO_INCREMENT,
   indexKey VARCHAR(50),-- Map Key
   name VARCHAR(50),-- relative's name
   theDescription VARCHAR(100),-- relative's description
   person_id INT(4),

   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   CONSTRAINT FK_person_relative FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES Person(id)
);

-- 愛好
CREATE TABLE PersonHobby(
   id INT(4) AUTO_INCREMENT,
   indexKey INT(4),-- Array index
   value VARCHAR(100),
   person_id INT(4),

   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   CONSTRAINT FK_person_hobby FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES Person(id)
);

(3)、配置文件
/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Person.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">


<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Person" table="Person" catalog="db">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="id" />
            <generator class="increment"/>
        </id>
        <property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer" />

        
       <component name="name" class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Name">
           <property name="firstName" />
           <property name="lastName" />
       </component>

       
       <set name="addresses" table="PersonAddress">
           <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
           <element column="addr" type="string" />
       </set>

       
       <set name="emails" table="PersonEmail">
           <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
           <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Email">
               <property name="userName" />
               <property name="hostName" />
           </composite-element>
       </set>

       
       <list name="friends" table="PersonFriend">
           <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
           <index column="indexKey" />
           <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Friend">
               <property name="name" />
               <property name="description" column="theDescription"/>
           </composite-element>
       </list>

       
       <map name="relatives" table="PersonRelative">
           <key column="person_id" not-null="true"/>
           <index column="indexKey" type="string"/>
           <composite-element class="wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Relative">
               <property name="name" />
               <property name="description" column="theDescription"/>
           </composite-element>
       </map>

       
       <array name="hobbies" table="PersonHobby">
           <key column="person_id" not-null="true" />
           <index column="indexKey"/>
           <element column="value" type="string" />
       </array>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

/src/hibernate.cfg.xml:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">


<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>
   <property name="connection.username">root</property>
   <property name="connection.url">
       jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
   </property>
   <property name="dialect">
       org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
   </property>
   <property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">MySQLDriver</property>
   <property name="connection.password">root</property>
   <property name="connection.driver_class">
       com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
   </property>
   <property name="show_sql">true</property>
   <mapping resource="wintys/hibernate/collection/entity/Person.hbm.xml" />

</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

4、測試
/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/dao/DAO.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.dao;

import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Person;

public interface DAO {
   public List<Person> doSelect(String selectHQL)throws HibernateException;

   public boolean doInsert()throws HibernateException;

   public boolean doDelete(Integer personId)throws HibernateException;
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/dao/PersonDAO.java

package wintys.hibernate.collection.dao;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Email;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Friend;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Name;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Person;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Relative;

public class PersonDAO implements DAO {

   @Override
   public boolean doInsert() throws HibernateException {
       Person person = new Person();
       person.setAge(38);
       person.setName(new Name("Bill" , "Gates"));

       Set<String> addresses = new HashSet<String>();
       addresses.add("New York USA");
       addresses.add("中國上海");
       person.setAddresses(addresses);

       Set<Email> emails = new HashSet<Email>();
       emails.add(new Email("wintys" , "gmail.com"));
       emails.add(new Email("abc" , "samplehost.com"));
       emails.add(new Email("xyz" , "samplehost.com"));
       person.setEmails(emails);

       List<Friend> friends = new LinkedList<Friend>();
       friends.add(new Friend("Jim" , "Best Friend."));
       friends.add(new Friend("Smith" , "Classmate."));
       person.setFriends(friends);

       Map<String , Relative> relatives = new HashMap<String , Relative>();
       relatives.put("uncle", new Relative("Sam" , "a lazy guy."));
       relatives.put("brother", new Relative("Jimy" , "a good boy."));
       person.setRelatives(relatives);

       String[] hobbies = new String[3];
       hobbies[0] = "Music";
       hobbies[1] = "Classic Opera";
       hobbies[2] = "Swimming";
       person.setHobbies(hobbies);

       Session session = null;
       Transaction tc = null;
       try{
           session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
           tc = session.beginTransaction();
           session.save(person);
           tc.commit();
       }catch(HibernateException e){
           try{
               if(tc != null){
                   tc.rollback();
               }
           }catch(Exception ex){
               System.err.println("Err:" + ex.getMessage());
           }
           System.err.println("Err:" + e.getMessage());
           return false;
       }finally{
           HibernateUtil.closeSession();
       }

       return true;
   }

   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   @Override
   public List<Person> doSelect(String selectHQL) throws HibernateException {
       Session session = null;
       List<Person> list = null;

       try{
           session= HibernateUtil.getSession();
           Query query = session.createQuery(selectHQL);
           list = query.list();
       }catch(HibernateException e){
           list = null;
           System.err.println(e.getMessage());
       }finally{
           //因為要使用延遲加載，所以注釋掉
           //HibernateUtil.closeSession();
       }

       return list;
   }

   @Override
   public boolean doDelete(Integer personId) throws HibernateException {
       Session session = null;
       Transaction tc = null;
       try{
           session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
           tc = session.beginTransaction();

           Person person = (Person)session.load(Person.class, personId);
           session.delete(person);

           tc.commit();
       }catch(HibernateException e){
           if(tc != null){
               tc.rollback();
           }
           System.err.println("刪除失敗:" + e.getMessage());
           return false;
       }finally{
           HibernateUtil.closeSession();
       }

       return true;
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/dao/HibernateUtil.java:

package wintys.hibernate.collection.dao;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

/**
* 創建全局SessionFactory，通過ThreadLocal為每個線程提供不同的session
* @version 2009-05-20
* @author Winty
*/
public class HibernateUtil {
   private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
   private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal;

   static{
       try{
           sessionFactory = new Configuration()
                           .configure()
                           .buildSessionFactory();
       }catch(HibernateException e){
           throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
       }

       threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
   }

   /**
   * 獲取session
   * @return the current session
   */
   public static Session getSession(){
       Session session = threadLocal.get();
       if(session == null){
           session = sessionFactory.openSession();
           threadLocal.set(session);
       }
       return session;
   }

   /**
   * 關閉當前session
   */
   public static void closeSession(){
       Session session = threadLocal.get();
       if(session != null){
           session.close();
       }
       threadLocal.set(null);
   }
}

/src/wintys/hibernate/collection/Test.java

package wintys.hibernate.collection;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import wintys.hibernate.collection.dao.DAO;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.dao.PersonDAO;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Email;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Friend;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Name;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Person;
import wintys.hibernate.collection.entity.Relative;
/**
* Hibernate集合映射
* component、set、list、map、array
* @version 2009-07-03
* @author Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://wintys.blogjava.net
*
*/
public class Test {
   public static void main(String[] args){
       DAO dao = new PersonDAO();
       dao.doInsert();

       //dao.doDelete(1);//級聯刪除

       List<Person> persons = dao.doSelect("from Person");
       printPerson(persons);
   }

   public static void printPerson(List<Person> persons){
       Iterator<Person> it = persons.iterator();
       while(it.hasNext()){
           Person person = it.next();
           int id = person.getId();
           int age = person.getAge();
           Name name = person.getName();
           Set<String> addresses = person.getAddresses();
           Set<Email> emails = person.getEmails();
           List<Friend> friends = person.getFriends();
           Map<String , Relative> relatives = person.getRelatives();
           String[] hobbies = person.getHobbies();

           System.out.println("id:" + id);
           System.out.println("age:" + age);
           printName(name);
           printAddress(addresses);
           printEmail(emails);
           printFriend(friends);
           printRelative(relatives);
           printHobby(hobbies);
       }
   }

   public static void printName(Name name){
       System.out.print("firstName:" +name.getFirstName());
       System.out.println(" lastName:" + name.getLastName());
   }

   public static void printAddress(Set<String> addresses){
       Iterator<String> it = addresses.iterator();
       while(it.hasNext()){
           System.out.println(" addr:" + it.next());
       }
   }

   public static void printEmail(Set<Email> emails){
       Iterator<Email> it = emails.iterator();
       while(it.hasNext()){
           Email email = it.next();
           System.out.println(" email:" + email.getUserName() + "@" + email.getHostName());
       }
   }

   public static void printFriend(List<Friend> friends){
       Iterator<Friend> it = friends.iterator();
       while(it.hasNext()){
           Friend friend = it.next();
           System.out.println(" friend:" + friend.getName() + "," + friend.getDescription());
       }
   }

   public static void printRelative(Map<String , Relative> relatives){
       Set<String> keys = relatives.keySet();
       Iterator<String> it = keys.iterator();
       while(it.hasNext()){
           String key = it.next();
           Relative rt = relatives.get(key);

           String name = rt.getName();
           String desc = rt.getDescription();

           System.out.println(" relative:" + key + ":" + name + "," + desc);
       }
   }

   public static void printHobby(String[] hobbies){
       for(String hobby : hobbies){
           System.out.println(" hobby:" + hobby);
       }
   }
}

5、運行結果

【圖:db1_result.jpg】

【圖:db2_result.jpg】

Hibernate: select max(id) from Person
Hibernate: insert into db.Person (age, firstName, lastName, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonAddress (person_id, addr) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonAddress (person_id, addr) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonEmail (person_id, userName, hostName) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonEmail (person_id, userName, hostName) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonEmail (person_id, userName, hostName) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonFriend (person_id, indexKey, name, theDescription) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonFriend (person_id, indexKey, name, theDescription) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonRelative (person_id, indexKey, name, theDescription) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonRelative (person_id, indexKey, name, theDescription) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonHobby (person_id, indexKey, value) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonHobby (person_id, indexKey, value) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into PersonHobby (person_id, indexKey, value) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select person0_.id as id0_, person0_.age as age0_, person0_.firstName as firstName0_, person0_.lastName as lastName0_ from db.Person person0_
Hibernate: select hobbies0_.person_id as person1_0_, hobbies0_.value as value0_, hobbies0_.indexKey as indexKey0_ from PersonHobby hobbies0_ where hobbies0_.person_id=?
id:1
age:38
firstName:Bill lastName:Gates
Hibernate: select addresses0_.person_id as person1_0_, addresses0_.addr as addr0_ from PersonAddress addresses0_ where addresses0_.person_id=?
addr:New York USA
addr:中國上海
Hibernate: select emails0_.person_id as person1_0_, emails0_.userName as userName0_, emails0_.hostName as hostName0_ from PersonEmail emails0_ where emails0_.person_id=?
email:wintys@gmail.com
email:abc@samplehost.com
email:xyz@samplehost.com
Hibernate: select friends0_.person_id as person1_0_, friends0_.name as name0_, friends0_.theDescription as theDescr3_0_, friends0_.indexKey as indexKey0_ from PersonFriend friends0_ where friends0_.person_id=?
friend:Jim,Best Friend.
friend:Smith,Classmate.
Hibernate: select relatives0_.person_id as person1_0_, relatives0_.name as name0_, relatives0_.theDescription as theDescr3_0_, relatives0_.indexKey as indexKey0_ from PersonRelative relatives0_ where relatives0_.person_id=?
relative:brother:Jimy,a good boy.
relative:uncle:Sam,a lazy guy.
hobby:Music
hobby:Classic Opera
hobby:Swimming

[參考資料]:
《J2EE項目實訓 - Hibernate框架技術》: 清華大學出版社

[附件]:
源代碼:wintys_hibernate_collection.zip

原創作品，轉載請注明出處。
作者:Winty (wintys@gmail.com)
博客:http://www.tkk7.com/wintys

posted on 2009-07-03 23:50 天堂露珠閱讀(809) 評論(0) 編輯收藏所屬分類: Hibernate

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