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    前言：
    本文指在介紹Spring框架中的JdbcTemplate類的使用方法，涉及基本的Spring反轉控制的使用方法和JDBC的基本概念。目標是使讀者能夠對JdbcTemplate快速地掌握和使用。
     
           準備：
    1. Spring的基本概念
           Spring框架核心的思想就是建立一個Java對象的大工廠，用戶只要給工廠一個指令，工廠就能將用戶需要的對象根據配置文件組裝好返還給用戶。用戶需要做的許多工作則可以寫成簡單的配置文件。
           2. 丑陋的JDBC代碼
    Connection con= null;
    PreparedStatement pStmt=null;
    ResultSet rs = null;
    try{          
                con = ods.getConnection();
                String sql = "select * from admin";
                pStmt=con.prepareStatement(sql);           
                rs=pStmt.executeQuery();
                while(rs.next())
                {            }
    }
    catch(Exception ex) {
    try{
             con.rollback();
        }catch(SQLException sqlex){
              sqlex.printStackTrace(System.out);
         }
         ex.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
       try{
                rs.close();
                pStmt.close();
                con.close();
       }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
    }
     
     
           以上是常見的JDBC代碼，簡單的select語句也需要冗長的出錯處理，并且每個函數都不斷地重復同樣的代碼。
     
           3. JdbcTemplate的作用
           JdbcTemplate正是為了減少上述繁瑣的代碼而設計出來的。它是對JDBC的一種封裝，抽象我們常用的一些方法。Simple and Stupid就是它的目標。下面是完成了剛才JDBC代碼同樣功能的JdbcTemplate的代碼：
    String sql = "select * from admin";
    jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowCallbackHandler() {
             public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {   
                    }
                } );
     
     
           環境搭建：
    1. 數據庫的配置
           本文使用Oracle數據庫，新建表admin：
    create table admin (
           ID number(    10) primary key,
           NAME varchar2(    64),
           PASSWORD varchar2(    64)
    )
     
     
           2. Spring配置
           JdbcTemplate的使用需要有DataSource的支持，所以在配置文件中，我們首先要配置一個OracleDataSource，然后在將這個DataSource配置到JdbcTemplate里。接著將JdbcTemplate配置進DAO層，最后將DAO配置進Model層。簡要的關系如下：
     
          
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
        "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    <beans>
        <bean id="dataSource" class="oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource">
            <property name="URL">
                <value>jdbc:oracle:thin:root/123@localhost:1521/XE</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
       
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
            <property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource"/></property>
        </bean>
     
        <bean id="userDAO" class="DAO.Imp.UserDAOImp">
            <property name="jdbcTemplate">
    <ref bean="jdbcTemplate" />
    </property>
        </bean>
       
        <bean id="user" class="Model.User">
            <property name="dao"><ref bean="userDAO"/></property>
        </bean>
    </beans>
     
           3. 環境配置， 如圖：
          
     
    使用方法：
    1.       查找
    多行查詢：
    class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {
            public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs,int index) throws SQLException
            {
                User u = new User();
                u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));
                u.setName(rs.getString("Name"));
                u.setPassword(rs.getString("Password"));
                return u;
            }
        }
    public List select(String where)
        {
            List list;       
            String sql = "select * from admin "+where;       
            list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));
            return list;
        }
     
     
     
    List最終返回的是滿足條件的User隊列。
     
    單行查詢：
    public User selectById(String id){
        String sql = "select * from admin where id=?";
        final User u = new User();
        final Object[] params = new Object[] {id};
        jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowCallbackHandler(){
                            public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
                                     u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));
                                     u.setName(rs.getString("NAME"));
                                     u.setPassword(rs.getString("PASSWORD"));
                            }                     
        });         
        return u;
    }
     
     
     
    2.       插入
    public void insert(User u)
    {
         String sql = "insert into admin (ID,NAME,PASSWORD) values (admin_id_seq.nextval,?,?)";
         Object[] params = new Object[] {
                                                    u.getName(),
                                                    u.getPassword() };
         jdbcTemplate.update(sql,params);
     }
     
    admin_id_seq.nextval為Oracle設置好的序列，問號“?”被params里的數據依次替代，最終執行sql。
     
    3.       修改
    非常簡單：
    public void update(String how)
    {
            jdbcTemplate.update(how);
        }
     
      
    源代碼：
    User.class:
    package Model;
     
    import java.util.List;
    import DAO.UserDAO;
    /**
     *  Model層
     *
     *
     * @author 李嘉陵
     * @since 2006-4-30 12:10:30
     * @version 0.10a
     **/
     
    public class User {
        private String name;
        private String id;
        private String password;
        private UserDAO dao;
       
        public User()
        {
          
        }
       
        public User(String name, String password)
        {
           this.name = name;
           this.password = password;
        }
       
        public void setDao(UserDAO dao)
        {
            this.dao = dao;
        }
        public String getId() {
            return id;
        }
       
        public void setId(String id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
       
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
       
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
       
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
       
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
       
        public void getInfo(String id)
        {
            List list = dao.select("where id="+id);
            User u = (User) list.get(0);
           
            this.id=id;
            this.name = u.getName();
            this.password = u.getPassword();
           
        }
       
        public void insert()
        {
            dao.insert(this);
        }
       
        public void update(String how)
        {
            dao.update(how);
        }
       
        public void update()
        {
            dao.update("update admin set name='"+name+"', password='"+password+"' where id="+id);
        }
       
        public List selectWithTemp(String where)
        {
            return dao.select(where);
        }
       
        public void selectWithTemp()
        {
            dao.selectWithTemp();
        }
       
        public User selectById(String id)
        {
           return dao.selectById(id);
        }
        
        public void insertUsers(List users)
        {
           dao.insertUsers(users);
        }
    }
     
     
    UserDAO.class :
    package DAO;
     
    import java.util.List;
     
    import Model.User;
     
    /**
     * DAO層接口
     *
     *
     * @author 李嘉陵
     * @since 2006-4-30 8:40:56
     * @version 0.10a
     **/
     
    public interface UserDAO {
        public void select();
        public void test();
        public void selectWithTemp();
        public List select(String where);
        public void update(String how);
        public void insert(User u);
        public User selectById(String id);
        public int[] insertUsers(final List users);
       
    }
     
    UserDAOImp.class:
    package DAO.Imp;
     
     
    import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.List;
     
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapperResultReader;
     
    import DAO.UserDAO;
    import Model.User;
     
    /**
     *  DAO層的實現
     *
     *
     * @author 李嘉陵
     * @since 2006-4-30 8:41:26
     * @version 0.10a
     **/
     
    public class UserDAOImp implements UserDAO{
       
        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
       
        public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate)
        {
            this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
        }
       
        class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper
        {
            public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs,int index) throws SQLException
            {
                User u = new User();
                u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));
                u.setName(rs.getString("Name"));
                u.setPassword(rs.getString("Password"));
     
                return u;
            }
        }
       
        public void selectWithTemp()
        {
            String sql = "select * from admin";
                  
            jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowCallbackHandler() {
                    public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
                    System.out.println("ID: "+rs.getString("ID")+"   Name: "+rs.getString("name"));
                    }
                } );
     
        }
       
        public List select(String where)
        {
            List list;
            String sql = "select * from admin "+where;
            list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));
            return list;
        }
       
        public User selectById(String id)
        {
           String sql = "select * from admin where id=?";
           final User u = new User();
           final Object[] params = new Object[] {id};
          
           jdbcTemplate.query(sql,params, new RowCallbackHandler(){
                             public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
                                       u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));
                                       u.setName(rs.getString("NAME"));
                                       u.setPassword(rs.getString("PASSWORD"));
                             }
           });
          
           return u;
        }
       
        public void update(String how)
        {
            String sql = how;
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        }
       
        public void insert(User u)
        {
            String sql = "insert into admin (ID,NAME,PASSWORD) values (admin_id_seq.nextval,?,?)";
            Object[] params = new Object[] {
                                                       u.getName(),
                                                       u.getPassword()};
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql,params);
        }
      
    }
     
     
    UserAction.class:
    //測試類
    public class UserAction {
        public static void main(String[] args)
        {
            Resource resource=new ClassPathResource("beans.xml");
            BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);       
            User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");   
           
            user.selectWithTemp();
        }
    }
     http://blog.csdn.net/nomads/article/details/709551
    
	
    
	
	
    
		posted on 2012-06-25 10:28 abin 閱讀(637) 評論(0)  編輯  收藏  所屬分類: spring 
	
    

    







    
	    
    




    








    

				

    

    




    







    
        
	



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