現在正在做的項目中涉及大量的Excel文件導出導入操作,都是使用Java Excel來操作。
Java Excel是一開放源碼項目，通過它Java開發人員可以讀取Excel文件的內容、創建新的Excel文件、更新已經存在的Excel文件。下面我寫了一個簡單的例子，展示基本的讀取，新建，更新(包括常見格式的設置:字體，顏色，背景,合并單元格)，拷貝操作，有這些其實已經基本足夠應付大部分問題了。下面是例的源代碼:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;
import jxl.*;
import jxl.format.Colour;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
import jxl.write.*;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.format.CellFormat;;
public class OperateExcel {
/**
* Read data from a excel file
*/
public static void readExcel(String excelFileName){
Workbook rwb = null;
try{
InputStream stream = new FileInputStream(excelFileName);
rwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(stream);
Sheet sheet = rwb.getSheet(0);
Cell cell = null;
int columns = sheet.getColumns();
int rows = sheet.getRows();
for( int i=0 ; i< rows ; i++ )
for( int j=0 ; j< columns ; j++){
//attention: The first parameter is column,the second parameter is row.
cell = sheet.getCell(j,i);
String str00 = cell.getContents();
if( cell.getType() == CellType.LABEL )
str00 += " LAEBL";
else if( cell.getType() == CellType.NUMBER)
str00 += " number";
else if( cell.getType() == CellType.DATE)
str00 += " date";
System.out.println("00==>"+str00);
}
stream.close();
}
catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(BiffException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
rwb.close();
}
}
/**
* create a new excelFile
* @param excelFileName create name
*/
public static void createExcelFile(String excelFileName){
try{
WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(excelFileName));
WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1",0);
//also,The first parameter is column,the second parameter is row.
// add normal label data
Label label00 = new Label(0,0,"Label00");
ws.addCell(label00);
//add font formating data
WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 18, WritableFont.BOLD , true);
WritableCellFormat wff = new WritableCellFormat(wf);
Label label10 = new Label(1,0,"Label10",wff);
ws.addCell(label10);
//add color font formating data
WritableFont wf_color = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.RED);
WritableCellFormat wff_color = new WritableCellFormat(wf_color);
wff_color.setBackground(Colour.GRAY_25); //set background coloe to gray
Label label20 = new Label(2,0,"Label20",wff_color);
ws.addCell(label20);
//合并單元格
WritableFont wf_merge = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.GREEN);
WritableCellFormat wff_merge = new WritableCellFormat(wf_merge);
wff_merge.setBackground(Colour.BLACK);
Label label30 = new Label(3,0,"Label30",wff_merge);
ws.addCell(label30);
Label label40 = new Label(4,0,"Label40");
ws.addCell(label40);
Label label50 = new Label(5,0,"Label50");
ws.addCell(label50);
//合并 (0,3) (4,0)
//attention : 如果合并后面的列不為空,那么就把后面格的內容清空,格式也是按前一個單元格的格式
ws.mergeCells(3,0,4,0);
//添加Number格式數據
jxl.write.Number labelN = new jxl.write.Number(0, 1, 3.1415926);
ws.addCell(labelN);
//添加帶有formatting的Number對象
jxl.write.NumberFormat nf = new jxl.write.NumberFormat("#.##");
jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfN = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(nf);
jxl.write.Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(1, 1, 3.1415926, wcfN);
ws.addCell(labelNF);
//添加Boolean對象
jxl.write.Boolean labelBoolean = new jxl.write.Boolean(2,1,false);
ws.addCell(labelBoolean);
//添加DateTime對象
DateTime labelDT = new DateTime(3,1,new Date());
ws.addCell(labelDT);
//添加帶有格式的DataTime數據
DateFormat dtf = new DateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
WritableCellFormat wcfDt = new WritableCellFormat(dtf);
wcfDt.setBackground(Colour.YELLOW);
DateTime labelDT_format = new DateTime(4,1,new java.util.Date(),wcfDt);
ws.addCell(labelDT_format);
ws.mergeCells(4,1,5,1); //比較長,用兩列來顯示
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
}
catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(WriteException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 如何更新Excel文件
* @param fileName
*/
public static void updateExcel(String fileName){
try{
jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(fileName),rw);
//這里其實執行的是一次copy操作,把文件先讀到內存中,修改后再保存覆蓋原來的文件來實現update操作
WritableSheet ws = wwb.getSheet(0);
WritableCell wc = ws.getWritableCell(0,0);
if( wc.getType() == CellType.LABEL){
Label l = (Label)wc;
l.setString(wc.getContents()+"_new");
}
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
}
catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(WriteException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(BiffException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 如何copy Excel文件
* @param fileName
*/
public static void copyExcel(String sourFileName,String destFileName){
try{
jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(sourFileName));
WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(destFileName),rw);
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
}
catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(WriteException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(BiffException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String [] argv){
//OperateExcel.readExcel("E:\\test.xls");
//OperateExcel.createExcelFile("E:\\test1.xls");
//OperateExcel.updateExcel("E:\\test.xls");
OperateExcel.copyExcel("E:\\test.xls","E:\\moon.xls");
}
}