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Struts2 入門

很久沒有看Java相關的東西了，這幾天才發現Struts2 已經發布了，以前就聽說Struts2就是以前的Webwork2，只是作了少許的改動而已，我以前也沒看過Webwork，所以趕緊下來試了一把。
Struts2的地址：http://struts.apache.org/2.x

在Eclipse中新建了一個Tomcat工程（如果用WTP插件的話Dynamic Web工程）struts2Test，以下是添加了Library后的工程截圖。

Struts2支持spring，tiles等很多技術，如果要使用，則相應的插件struts2-***-plugin.jar應該包含在classpath中，為了簡單我使用struts2-all.jar。實際上用tiles的時候發現有些問題，可能是版本匹配不對，后來我采用了sitemesh來代替tiles，用sitemesh似乎比tiles更簡單。

首先，應該設置好web.xml,要使用Struts2＋sitemesh，需依次設置3個filter，最后一個listener是spring的。為了使用struts2和sitemesh的標簽，我把標簽文件單獨拷了出來。

<? xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8" ?>

< web-app? id ="Struts2" ?version ="2.4" ?xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" ?xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ?xsi:schemaLocation ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee?http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >

???? < display-name > Struts2 </ display-name >

???

???? < filter > ?

???????? < filter-name > Struts2-cleanup </ filter-name > ?

???????? < filter-class > org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp </ filter-class > ?

???? </ filter >

???? < filter-mapping > ???

?????????? < filter-name > Struts2-cleanup </ filter-name > ???

?????????? < url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern > ?

??????? </ filter-mapping > ?

???? < filter >

??????????? < filter-name > sitemesh </ filter-name >

???????? < filter-class > com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.filter.PageFilter </ filter-class > ?????

???? </ filter >

????

???? < filter-mapping > ???

?????????? < filter-name > sitemesh </ filter-name > ???

?????????? < url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern > ?

??????? </ filter-mapping > ?

???????

???? < filter >

???????? < filter-name > struts2 </ filter-name >

???????? < filter-class > org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher </ filter-class >

???? </ filter >

???? < filter-mapping >

???????? < filter-name > struts2 </ filter-name >

???????? < url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern >

???? </ filter-mapping >

????

???? < listener >

???????? < listener-class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </ listener-class >

???? </ listener >

???

???? < welcome-file-list >

???????? < welcome-file > index.html </ welcome-file >

???? </ welcome-file-list >

???? <!--

????????This?typically?isn't?required,?as?the?taglib?is?included?in?struts-core.jar.

????????If?you?really?need?a?taglib?configuration?within?web.xml,

????????copy?struts2-core/core/src/main/resources/META-INF/struts-tags.tld

????????to?the?WEB-INF?directory?as?struts-tags.tld.

????

????? -->

?????

???? < taglib >

???????? < taglib-uri > /sitemesh-page </ taglib-uri >

???????? < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/sitemesh-page.tld </ taglib-location >

???? </ taglib >

????

???? < taglib >

???????? < taglib-uri > /sitemesh-decorator </ taglib-uri >

???????? < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/sitemesh-decorator.tld </ taglib-location >

???? </ taglib >

????

???? < taglib >

???????? < taglib-uri > /struts-tags </ taglib-uri >

???????? < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/struts-tags.tld </ taglib-location >

???? </ taglib >

</ web-app >

要使用spring來為Struts2提供IOC，需要在源碼包中的struts.properties設置objectFactory屬性。

struts.action.extension? = ?do

struts.custom.i18n.resources? = ?globalMessages

struts.objectFactory? = ?spring

struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire? = ?type

struts.ui.theme = simple

為了使用Struts2提供的i18n功能，定義了一個全局的資源文件globalMessages.properties，其內容就不給出了，該文件也放在源碼包中。另外，Struts2還缺少一個配置Action的文件strtus.xml,該文件也放在源碼包中；再在WEB-INF目錄下新建一個spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml和sitemesh的配置文件decorator.xml。兩個文件的類容分別如下，我就不解釋了：

<? xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<! DOCTYPE?beans?PUBLIC?"-//SPRING/DTD?BEAN/EN"?"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd" >

< beans? default-autowire ="autodetect" >

???? < bean? id ="dataSource"

????????class ="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >

???????? < property? name ="driverClassName" >

???????????? < value > com.mysql.jdbc.Driver </ value >

???????? </ property >

???????? < property? name ="url" >

???????????? < value > jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/forum </ value >

???????? </ property >

???????? < property? name ="username" >

???????????? < value > test </ value >

???????? </ property >

???????? < property? name ="password" >

???????????? < null? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

???? < bean? id ="sessionFactory"

????????class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >

???????? < property? name ="dataSource" >

???????????? < ref? local ="dataSource" ? />

???????? </ property >

???????? < property? name ="mappingResources" >

???????????? < list >

???????????????? < value > cn/tju/lzy/forum/model/User.hbm.xml </ value >

???????????????? < value > cn/tju/lzy/forum/model/Article.hbm.xml </ value >

???????????????? < value > cn/tju/lzy/forum/model/Board.hbm.xml </ value >

???????????? </ list >

???????? </ property >

???????? < property? name ="hibernateProperties" >

???????????? < props >

???????????????? < prop? key ="hibernate.dialect" >

????????????????????org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

???????????????? </ prop >

???????????????? < prop? key ="hibernate.show_sql" > true </ prop >

???????????????? < prop? key ="hibernate.cache.provider_class" >

????????????????????net.sf.ehcache.hibernate.SingletonEhCacheProvider

???????????????? </ prop >

???????????? </ props >

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

???? < bean? id ="transactionManager"

????????class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >

???????? < property? name ="sessionFactory" >

???????????? < ref? local ="sessionFactory" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

???? < bean? id ="userDAO"

????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.dao.hibernate.UserDAOHibernate" >

???????? < property? name ="sessionFactory" >

???????????? < ref? local ="sessionFactory" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

???? < bean? id ="boardDAO"

????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.dao.hibernate.BoardDAOHibernate" >

???????? < property? name ="sessionFactory" >

???????????? < ref? local ="sessionFactory" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

???? < bean? id ="articleDAO"

????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.dao.hibernate.ArticleDAOHibernate" >

???????? < property? name ="sessionFactory" >

???????????? < ref? local ="sessionFactory" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

????

???? < bean? id ="loginAction" ?singleton ="true"

????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.action.LoginAction" >

???????? < property? name ="userDAO" >

???????????? < ref? local ="userDAO" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

????

???? < bean? id ="registAction" ?singleton ="true"

????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.action.RegistAction" >

???????? < property? name ="userDAO" >

???????????? < ref? local ="userDAO" ? />

???????? </ property >

???? </ bean >

</ beans >

< decorators? defaultdir ="/decorators" >

???? < excludes >

???????? < pattern > /decorators/main.jsp </ pattern >

???? </ excludes >

???? < decorator? name ="main" ?page ="main.jsp" >

???????? < pattern > * </ pattern >

???? </ decorator >

</ decorators >

新建一個struts2的Action，完成regist功能，通常Action都繼承自ActionSupport類。

package ?cn.tju.lzy.forum.action;

import ?cn.tju.lzy.forum.dao.UserDAO;
import ?cn.tju.lzy.forum.model.User;

import ?com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public ? class ?RegistAction? extends ?ActionSupport?{

???? /**
?????*?
????? */
???? private ? static ? final ? long ?serialVersionUID? = ? 1L ;

???? private ?String?name? = ? null ;

???? private ?String?password? = ? null ;

???? private ?String?password2? = ? null ;

???? private ?String?email? = ? null ;

???? private ?UserDAO?userDAO? = ? null ;

????@Override
???? public ?String?execute()? throws ?Exception?{
???????? // ?TODO?Auto-generated?method?stub
????????System.out.println( " execute()?calling?in?LoginAction. " );

???????? if ?(userDAO.isUserExist(getName()))?{
????????????addActionError(getText( " user.name.exist " ));
???????????? return ?INPUT;
????????}? else ?{

????????????User?user? = ? new ?User();
????????????user.setName(name);
????????????user.setPwd(password);
????????????user.setEmail(email);

????????????userDAO.saveUser(user);

???????????? return ?SUCCESS;
????????}

????}

????@Override
???? public ? void ?validate()?{
???????? if ?(getName()? == ? null ? || ?getName().length()? < ? 1 )?{
????????????addFieldError( " name " ,getText( " user.name.empty " ));
????????}
???????? if ?(getPassword()? == ? null ? || ?getPassword().length()? < ? 1 )?{
????????????addFieldError( " password " ,getText( " user.password.empty " ));
????????}
???????? if ?(getPassword2()? == ? null ? || ?getPassword2().length()? < ? 1 )?{
????????????addFieldError( " password2 " ,getText( " user.password2.empty " ));
????????}
???????? if ?(getPassword()? != ? null &&! getPassword().equals(getPassword2()))?{
????????????addFieldError( " password2 " ,getText( " user.password.password2.unequal " ));
????????}
????}

???? public ?UserDAO?getUserDAO()?{
???????? return ?userDAO;
????}

???? public ? void ?setUserDAO(UserDAO?userDAO)?{
???????? this .userDAO? = ?userDAO;
????}

???? public ?String?getEmail()?{
???????? return ?email;
????}

???? public ? void ?setEmail(String?email)?{
???????? this .email? = ?email;
????}

???? public ?String?getName()?{
???????? return ?name;
????}

???? public ? void ?setName(String?name)?{
???????? this .name? = ?name;
????}

???? public ?String?getPassword()?{
???????? return ?password;
????}

???? public ? void ?setPassword(String?password)?{
???????? this .password? = ?password;
????}

???? public ?String?getPassword2()?{
???????? return ?password2;
????}

???? public ? void ?setPassword2(String?password2)?{
???????? this .password2? = ?password2;
????}

}

當然還要一些頁面文件，以regist.jsp為例：

<% @?page?contentType = " text/html;?charset=UTF-8 " %>

<% @?taglib?uri = " /sitemesh-decorator " ?prefix = " decorator " %>

<% @?taglib?uri = " /struts-tags " ?prefix = " s " %>

< html >

< head >

< title > regist </ title >

</ head >

< body >

< center >

< div? style ="color:red" ?align ="left" >< s:actionerror? /></ div >

< s:form? method ="POST" ?action ="regist" >

???? < table? border ="0" ?width ="600" >

???????? < thead? bgcolor ="#CCCCCC" >

???????????? < font? size ="5" > ? < b > ? < s:text? name ="user.regist.form" ? /> ? </ b > ? </ font >

???????? </ thead >

???????? < tr >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?width ="100" ?align ="right" ? >< s:text

???????????????? name ="user.name" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td >< s:textfield? name ="name" ?size ="20" ? /></ html:text ></ td >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?align ="left" ?valign ="center"

????????????????style ="color:red;font-size:18" >< s:fielderror >

???????????????? < s:param > name </ s:param >

???????????? </ s:fielderror ></ td >

???????? </ tr >

???????? < tr >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?width ="100" ?align ="right" >< s:text? name ="user.password" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td >< s:password? name ="password" ?size ="20" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?align ="left" ?valign ="center"

????????????????style ="color:red;font-size:18" >< s:fielderror >

???????????????? < s:param > password </ s:param >

???????????? </ s:fielderror ></ td >

???????? </ tr >

???????? < tr >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?width ="100" ?align ="right" >< s:text? name ="user.password2" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td >< s:password? name ="password2" ?size ="20" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?align ="left" ?valign ="center"

????????????????style ="color:red;font-size:18" >< s:fielderror >

???????????????? < s:param > password2 </ s:param >

???????????? </ s:fielderror ></ td >

???????? </ tr >

???????? < tr >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?width ="100" ?align ="right" >< s:text? name ="user.email" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td >< s:textfield? name ="email" ?size ="30" ? /></ td >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?align ="left" ?valign ="center"

????????????????style ="color:red;font-size:18" >< s:fielderror >

???????????????? < s:param > email </ s:param >

???????????? </ s:fielderror ></ td >

???????? </ tr >

???????? < tr >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?width ="100" ?align ="right" ></ td >

???????????? < td >< s:submit? value ="%{getText('button.submit')}" ? /> ? < s:reset

???????????????? value ="%{getText('button.reset')}" ? /> ? < s:submit

???????????????? value ="%{getText('button.cancel')}" ?action ="welcome" ></ s:submit ></ td >

???????????? < td? height ="40" ?align ="right" ></ td >

???????? </ tr >

???? </ table >

</ s:form ></ center >

</ body >

</ html >

最后，來看一下struts.xml

<! DOCTYPE?struts?PUBLIC
????"-//Apache?Software?Foundation//DTD?Struts?Configuration?2.0//EN"
????"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd" >
< struts >
???? < package? name ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.action" ?namespace ="/"
????????extends ="struts-default" >

???????? < action? name ="welcome" >
???????????? < result > /pages/index.jsp </ result >
???????? </ action >
????????
???????? < action? name ="*_input" > ????????????
???????????? < result > /pages/{1}.jsp </ result >
???????? </ action >

???????? < action? name ="regist" ?
????????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.action.RegistAction" >
???????????? < result? name ="input" > /pages/regist.jsp </ result >
???????????? < result? name ="success" ?type ="redirect-action" > login </ result >
???????? </ action >
????????
???????? < action? name ="login" ?
????????????class ="cn.tju.lzy.forum.action.LoginAction" > ????????????
???????????? < result? name ="input" > /pages/login.jsp </ result >
???????????? < result? name ="success" ?type ="redirect-action" > welcome </ result >
???????????? < result? name ="cancel" ?type ="redirect-action" > welcome </ result >
???????? </ action >
????????
????????

???? </ package >

</ struts >

實際上將原來的ActionForm和Action合并了，這也許也是Struts2帶來的最大變化吧，這樣肯定比以前的編寫兩個類簡單了。對于另外的一些功能像攔截器、轉化器、驗證等我還沒有嘗試，大家可以參考一下這個網址：http://www.tkk7.com/max/category/16130.html

posted on 2007-01-08 21:59 all gone 閱讀(8483) 評論(8) 編輯收藏所屬分類: Java

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相關文章: Struts2 入門 EJB3.0 + Struts小試 SSH(Spring + Struts + Hibernate)小試之三 SSH(Spring + Struts + Hibernate)小試之二 SSH(Spring + Struts + Hibernate)小試之一 EJB 3.0 學習筆記——Entity Bean JavaScript和Applet互相調用 EJB 3.0 學習筆記——準備工作 JSP 處理MySQL數據庫時的中文問題 Spring之Hello World

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-03-19 14:36 強，BOSS能不能加我msn: riyuuleah@hotmail.com 我在學hibernate

# re: Struts2 入門[未登錄] 2007-05-29 16:46 哈哈

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-06-30 09:31 refactoring

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-11-14 16:37 feng ge

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-11-30 15:29 RYOU

# re: Struts2 入門 2008-01-07 09:33 bizairshop

# 打折機票 2008-04-24 10:56 zjc1999

# 打折機票 2008-04-24 11:13 zjc1999

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# re: Struts2 入門 2007-03-19 14:36 強，BOSS能不能加我msn: riyuuleah@hotmail.com 我在學hibernate

# re: Struts2 入門[未登錄] 2007-05-29 16:46 哈哈

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-06-30 09:31 refactoring

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-11-14 16:37 feng ge

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-11-30 15:29 RYOU

# re: Struts2 入門 2008-01-07 09:33 bizairshop

# 打折機票 2008-04-24 10:56 zjc1999

# 打折機票 2008-04-24 11:13 zjc1999

# re: Struts2 入門 2007-03-19 14:36 強，BOSS能不能加我msn: riyuuleah@hotmail.com 我在學hibernate