1。最直接最簡單的,方式是把文件地址直接放到html頁面的一個鏈接中。這樣做的缺點是把文件在服務器上的路徑暴露了,并且還無法對文件下載進行其它的控制(如權限)。這個就不寫示例了。
2。在服務器端把文件轉換成輸出流,寫入到response,以response把文件帶到瀏覽器,由瀏覽器來提示用戶是否愿意保存文件到本地。(示例如下)
<%
?response.setContentType(fileminitype);
?response.setHeader(
"Location",filename);
?response.setHeader(
"Cache-Control",?"max-age="?+?cacheTime);
?response.setHeader(
"Content-Disposition",?"attachment;?filename="?+?filename);?//filename應該是編碼后的(utf-8)
?response.setContentLength(filelength);
?OutputStream?outputStream?
=?response.getOutputStream();
?InputStream?inputStream?
=?new?FileInputStream(filepath);
?
byte[]?buffer?=?new?byte[1024];
?
int?i?=?-1;
?
while?((i?=?inputStream.read(buffer))?!=?-1)?{
??outputStream.write(buffer,?
0,?i);
??}
?outputStream.flush();
?outputStream.close();
?inputStream.close();
?outputStream?
=?null;

%>

3。既然是JSP的話,還有一種方式就是用Applet來實現文件的下載。不過客戶首先得信任你的這個Applet小程序,由這個程序來接受由servlet發送來的數據流,并寫入到本地。
servlet端示例
????public?void?service(HttpServletRequest?req,?HttpServletResponse?res)
????????????
throws?ServletException,?IOException?{
????????res.setContentType(
"?text/plain?");
????????OutputStream?outputStream?
=?null;
????????
try?{
????????????outputStream?
=?res.getOutputStream();
????????????popFile(srcFile,?outputStream))?;
//把文件路徑為srcFile的文件寫入到outputStream中。
????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}?

JApplet端示例
???URLConnection?con;
????????
try?{
????????????con?
=?url.openConnection();//url是被調用的SERVLET的網址?如http://localhost:8080/sendDateSevlet.do??
????????????con.setUseCaches(false);
????????????con.setDoInput(
true);
????????????con.setDoOutput(
true);
????????????con.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Type",
????????????????
"application/octet-stream");
????????????InputStream?in?
=?con.getInputStream();
????????????ProgressMonitorInputStream?pmInputStream?
=?new?ProgressMonitorInputStream(
????????????????????pane,?
"正在從服務器下載文件內容",?in);
????????????ProgressMonitor?pMonitor?
=?pmInputStream
????????????????????.getProgressMonitor();
????????????pMonitor.setMillisToDecideToPopup(
3);
????????????pMonitor.setMillisToPopup(
3);
????????????String?localfilepath?
=?localstr?+?filename?;//localfilepath本地路徑,localstr文件文件夾,filename本地文件名
???  if(saveFilsaveFilee(localfilepath,pmInputStream)){ //方法saveFilsaveFilee是把輸入流pmInputStream寫到文件localfilepath中。????????????????????
     openLocalFile(localfilepath);
????????????}



4。順便把JApplet上傳文件的代碼也貼上來.
JApplet端示例

URLConnection?con;
????????
try?{
????????????con?
=?url.openConnection();//url是被調用的SERVLET的網址?如http://localhost:8080/sendDateSevlet.do?????????
  ???con.setUseCaches(false);
????????????con.setDoInput(
true);
????????????con.setDoOutput(
true);
????????????con.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Type",
????????????????
"application/octet-stream");
????????????
????????????OutputStream?out?
=?con.getOutputStream();
????????????String?localfilepath?
=?localstr?+?filename;?//localfilepath本地路徑,localstr文件文件夾,filename本地文件名
????????????getOutputStream(localfilepath,out);//文件getOutputStream是把文件localfilepath寫到輸出流out中。
????????????InputStream?in?=?con.getInputStream();
????????????
return?true;
????????}
catch?(IOException?e)?{
???????????????System.out.println(
"文件上傳出錯!");
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}

servlet端代碼示例
????public?void?service(HttpServletRequest?req,?HttpServletResponse?res)
????????????
throws?ServletException,?IOException?{
????????res.setContentType(
"?text/plain?");
????????InputStream?inputStream?
=?null;
????????
try?{
????????????inputStream?
=?res.getInputStream();
????????????writefile(srcFile,?inputStream);
//把輸入流inputStream保存到文件路徑為srcFile的文件中
????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}?
//?end?service

?總結:在文件的傳輸中是流的形式存在的,在硬盤上是文件的形式存在的。我們要做的只是通過HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse,或者是response和request來發送流和讀取流。以及把文件轉換成流或把流轉換成文件的操作。