----------------------------------------------一.WEB項目的執行流程---------------------------------
1.web項目的運行流程大致如下：
啟動tomcat，先到web.xml里面查看<context-param><listener><filter><servlet>等等幾個tag，查看里面的配置，查找相應的配置文件。
如下列文件所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="
<display-name>SpringMVC12</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- encoding filter for jsp page -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
首先查看那幾個標簽，找到對應的配置文件，如<context-param>中配置的classpath*:config/springAnnotation-*.xml。
---------------------------------------2.到配置文件查看相關信息----------------------------------------------
（1）<context-param>里的classpath*:config/springAnnotation-*.xml，即在config目錄下匹配springAnnotation-*.xml的文件
（1.1）查看springAnnotation-core.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<beans>
<import resource="classpath*:com/zyh/web/controller/spring/springAnnotation-import.xml"/>
</beans>
對應的路徑如下com/zyh/web/controller/spring/springAnnotation-import.xml
（1.2）查看springAnnotation-import.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<beans>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.zyh.web.controller.dao.UserDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.zyh.web.controller.service.UserManager">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userManager" parent="transactionBese">
<property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
對應關于就已經配置在容器里面了。
（2.1）查看springAnnotation-hibernate.xml（配置數據源，sessionFactory，和事物）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<beans>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test1?useUnicode=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="configLocations">
<list>
<value>
classpath*:com/zyh/web/controller/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.test.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionBese" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
配置的對應的 classpath*:com/zyh/web/controller/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.test.xml
（3）springAnnotation-servlet.xml，內容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=" xmlns:context=" xmlns:p=" xmlns:mvc=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
<!-- 注解掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zyh.web.controller" />
<!-- 開啟注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
<!-- 靜態資源訪問 -->
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=" xmlns:context=" xmlns:p=" xmlns:mvc=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
<!-- 注解掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zyh.web.controller" />
<!-- 開啟注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
<!-- 靜態資源訪問 -->
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
</beans>
springAnnotation-hibernate.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<beans>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test1?useUnicode=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="configLocations">
<list>
<value>
classpath*:com/zyh/web/controller/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.test.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionBese" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
這個寫的有點亂，理清思路，其實很簡單，就是配置spring容器,里面掃描了所有的bean及一些依賴關系，hibernate配置數據源建立數據庫連接，SessionFactory用于管理數據庫，還有就是Springmvc用于控制視圖與后臺之間的頁面轉向，傳遞數據，發送請求。
配置工作就到此結束，然后就是寫bean,dao,service,control與聯系配置文件的對應關系，實際開發中當然不會把配置文件都寫好才來寫java代碼。我的做法是同時進行，漏了就相應的加上。
-----------------------------------------------------------3對應的實現--------------------------------------
3.1 為了簡單，我們建立一個單表的添刪改查，就一個對象吧User，對應的表T_User,里面有userName和age兩個屬性，當然還要建立一個主鍵id,如下列代碼所示:
com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User
package com.zyh.web.controller.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
@Entity
@Table(name="T_USER")
public class User {
@GeneratedValue(generator = "system-uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid", strategy = "uuid")
@Column(length=32)
@Id
private String id;
@Column(length=32)
private String userName;
@Column(length=32)
private String age;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
3.2 dao層結構如下：接口IUserDAO與實現類UserDAO，我們實現添刪改查，查詢包括一個User和所以User
com.zyh.web.controller.dao.IUserDAO
package com.zyh.web.controller.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public interface IUserDAO {
public void addUser(User user);
public List<User> getAllUser();
public User getUser(String id);
public boolean delUser(String id);
public boolean updateUser(User user);
}
實現類UserDAO:
package com.zyh.web.controller.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "from User";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
return query.list();
}
@Override
public User getUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);
return (User) query.uniqueResult();
}
@Override
public boolean delUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "delete User u where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);
return (query.executeUpdate()>0);
}
@Override
public boolean updateUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "update User u set u.userName=?,u.age=? where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, user.getUserName());
query.setString(1, user.getAge());
query.setString(2, user.getId());
return (query.executeUpdate()>0);
}
}
3.3 service層結構如下：接口IUserManager與實現類UserManager，我們實現添刪改查，查詢包括一個User和所以User
com.zyh.web.controller.service.IUserManager
package com.zyh.web.controller.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public interface IUserManager {
public void addUser(User user);
public List<User> getAllUser();
public boolean delUser(String id);
public User getUser(String id);
public boolean updateUser(User user);
}
實現類UserManager.java
package com.zyh.web.controller.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.dao.IUserDAO;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
private IUserDAO userDao;
public void setUserDao(IUserDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
userDao.addUser(user);
}
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.getAllUser();
}
@Override
public boolean delUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.delUser(id);
}
@Override
public User getUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.getUser(id);
}
@Override
public boolean updateUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.updateUser(user);
}
}
4.Control層結構如下：實現類UserController.java，代碼如下：
package com.zyh.web.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
import com.zyh.web.controller.service.IUserManager;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource(name="userManager")
private IUserManager userManager;
@RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
public String toAddUser(){
return "/addUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user){
userManager.addUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){
List<User> user = userManager.getAllUser();
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "/userManager";
}
@RequestMapping("/delUser")
public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){
String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";
if(userManager.delUser(id)){
result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
}
response.setContentType("application/json");
PrintWriter pw;
try {
pw = response.getWriter();
pw.write(result);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@RequestMapping("/getUser")
public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){
User user = userManager.getUser(id);
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "editUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
if(userManager.updateUser(user)){
userManager.getUser(user.getId());
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "/editUser";
}else{
return "/error";
}
}
}
package com.zyh.web.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
import com.zyh.web.controller.service.IUserManager;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource(name="userManager")
private IUserManager userManager;
@RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
public String toAddUser(){
return "/addUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user){
userManager.addUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){
List<User> user = userManager.getAllUser();
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "/userManager";
}
@RequestMapping("/delUser")
public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){
String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";
if(userManager.delUser(id)){
result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
}
response.setContentType("application/json");
PrintWriter pw;
try {
pw = response.getWriter();
pw.write(result);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@RequestMapping("/getUser")
public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){
User user = userManager.getUser(id);
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "editUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
if(userManager.updateUser(user)){
userManager.getUser(user.getId());
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "/editUser";
}else{
return "/error";
}
}
}
package com.zyh.web.controller.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.dao.IUserDAO;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
private IUserDAO userDao;
public void setUserDao(IUserDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
userDao.addUser(user);
}
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.getAllUser();
}
@Override
public boolean delUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.delUser(id);
}
@Override
public User getUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.getUser(id);
}
@Override
public boolean updateUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.updateUser(user);
}
}
package com.zyh.web.controller.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public interface IUserManager {
public void addUser(User user);
public List<User> getAllUser();
public boolean delUser(String id);
public User getUser(String id);
public boolean updateUser(User user);
}
3.2 dao層結構如下：接口IUserDAO與實現類UserDAO，我們實現添刪改查，查詢包括一個User和所以User
com.zyh.web.controller.dao.IUserDAO
package com.zyh.web.controller.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "from User";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
return query.list();
}
@Override
public User getUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);
return (User) query.uniqueResult();
}
@Override
public boolean delUser(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "delete User u where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);
return (query.executeUpdate()>0);
}
@Override
public boolean updateUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String hql = "update User u set u.userName=?,u.age=? where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, user.getUserName());
query.setString(1, user.getAge());
query.setString(2, user.getId());
return (query.executeUpdate()>0);
}
}
package com.zyh.web.controller.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.zyh.web.controller.entity.User;
public interface IUserDAO {
public void addUser(User user);
public List<User> getAllUser();
public User getUser(String id);
public boolean delUser(String id);
public boolean updateUser(User user);
}
package com.zyh.web.controller.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
@Entity
@Table(name="T_USER")
public class User {
@GeneratedValue(generator = "system-uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid", strategy = "uuid")
@Column(length=32)
@Id
private String id;
@Column(length=32)
private String userName;
@Column(length=32)
private String age;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
}