姝ｇ‘浼橀泤鐨勮В鍐崇敤鎴烽鍑洪棶棰?br> ------JSP鍜孲truts瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)
鎽樿
鍦ㄤ竴涓湁瀵嗙爜淇濇姢鐨刉eb搴旂敤褰撲腑錛屾紜Ε鍠勭殑澶勭悊鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑?guó)櫩嚱E嬪茍涓嶄粎浠呭彧闇瑕佽皟鐢℉ttpSession瀵硅薄鐨刬nvalidate()鏂規(guī)硶錛屽洜涓虹幇鍦ㄥぇ閮ㄥ垎嫻忚鍣ㄤ笂閮芥湁鍚庨(Back)鍜屽墠榪?Forward)鎸夐挳錛屽厑璁哥敤鎴峰悗閫鎴栧墠榪涘埌涓涓〉闈€傚湪鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑轟竴涓猈eb搴旂敤涔嬪悗錛屽鏋滄寜浜?jiǎn)鍚庨鎸夐挳錛屾祻瑙堝櫒鎶婄紦瀛樹腑鐨勯〉闈㈠憟鐜扮粰鐢ㄦ埛錛岃繖浼?xì)鋴社敤鎴蜂骇鐢熺枒鎯戝Q屼粬浠細(xì)寮濮嬫媴蹇?jī)浠栦滑鐨勪釜錆h鏁版嵁鏄惁瀹夊叏銆?br>
瀹為檯涓婏紝璁稿Web搴旂敤浼?xì)寮瑰囖Z竴涓〉闈紝璀﹀憡鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑烘椂鍏抽棴鏁翠釜嫻忚鍣紝浠ユ鏉ラ樆姝㈢敤鎴風(fēng)偣鍑誨悗閫鎸夐挳銆傝繕鏈変竴浜涗嬌鐢↗avaScript錛屼絾鍦ㄦ煇浜涘鎴風(fēng)嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑榪欏嵈涓嶄竴瀹氳搗浣滅敤銆傝繖浜涜В鍐蟲柟妗堝ぇ澶氭暟瀹炵幇閮藉緢絎ㄦ嫏錛屼笖涓嶈兘淇濊瘉鍦ㄤ換浣曟儏鍐典笅閮?00%鏈夋晥錛屽悓鏃訛紝瀹冭繕瑕佹眰鐢ㄦ埛鏈変竴瀹氱殑鎿嶄綔緇忛獙銆?br>
榪欑瘒鏂囩珷浠ョ畝鍗曠殑紼嬪簭紺轟緥闃愯堪浜?jiǎn)姝＜嫯瑙ｅ喅鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑洪棶棰樼殑鏂規(guī)銆備綔鑰匥evin Le棣栧厛鎻忚堪浜?jiǎn)涓涓悊鎯崇殑瀵嗙爜淇濇姢Web搴旂敤錛岀劧鍚庝互紺轟緥紼嬪簭瑙ｉ噴闂濡備綍浜х敓騫惰璁鴻В鍐抽棶棰樼殑鏂規(guī)銆傛枃绔犺櫧鐒舵槸閽堝JSP榪涜璁ㄨ闃愯堪錛屼絾浣滆呮墍闃愯堪鐨勬蹇靛緢瀹規(guī)槗鐞嗚В鑰屼笖鑳藉涓哄叾浠朩eb鎶鏈墍閲囩敤銆傛渶鍚庢渶鍚庯紝浣滆匥evin Le鐢↗akarta Struts鏇翠負(fù)浼橀泤鍦拌В鍐崇敤鎴烽鍑洪棶棰樸傛枃涓寘鍚獼SP鍜孲truts鐨勭ず渚嬬▼搴?(3,700 words; September 27, 2004)
澶ч儴鍒哤eb搴旂敤涓嶄細(xì)鍖呭惈鍍忛摱琛岃處鎴鋒垨淇＄敤鍗¤祫鏂欓偅鏍鋒満瀵嗙殑淇℃伅錛屼絾鏄竴鏃︽秹鍙?qiáng)鍒版晱鎰熸暟鎹Q屽氨闇瑕佹垜浠彁渚涙煇浜涘瘑鐮佷繚鎶ゆ満鍒躲備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄤ竴涓伐鍘傚綋涓紝宸ヤ漢蹇呴』閫氳繃Web搴旂敤紼嬪簭璁塊棶浠栦滑鐨勬椂闂村畨鎺掋佽繘鍏ヤ粬浠殑鍩硅璇劇▼浠ュ強(qiáng)鏌ョ湅浠栦滑鐨勮柂閲戠瓑絳夈傛鏃跺簲鐢⊿SL(Secure Socket Layer)灝辨湁浜涘ぇ鏉愬皬鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)(SSL欏甸潰涓嶄細(xì)鍦ㄧ紦瀛樹腑淇濆瓨錛屽叧浜嶴SL鐨勮璁哄凡緇忚秴鍑烘湰鏂囩殑鑼冨洿)銆備絾鏄繖浜涘簲鐢ㄥ張紜疄闇瑕佹煇縐嶅瘑鐮佷繚鎶ゆ帾鏂斤紝鍚﹀垯錛屽伐浜猴紙鍦ㄨ繖縐嶆儏鍐典笅錛屼篃灝辨槸Web搴旂敤鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ咃級(jí)灝卞彲浠ュ彂鐜板伐鍘備腑鎵鏈夊憳宸ョ殑縐佷漢鏈哄瘑淇℃伅銆?br>
綾諱技涓婇潰鐨勬儏鍐佃繕鍖呮嫭浣嶄簬鍏叡鍥句功棣嗐佸尰闄€?font color=#000000>緗戝惂絳夊叕鍏卞満鎵鐨勮綆楁満銆傚湪榪欎簺鍦版柟錛岃澶氱敤鎴峰叡鍚屼嬌鐢ㄥ嚑鍙拌綆楁満錛屾鏃朵繚鎶ょ敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓漢鏁版嵁灝辨樉寰楄嚦鍏抽噸瑕併?/font> 鍚屾椂搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勮壇濂借璁′笌瀹炵幇瀵圭敤鎴蜂笓涓氱煡璇嗕互鍙?qiáng)鐩稿厸_煿璁姹傚皯涔嬪張灝戙?
璁╂垜浠潵鐪嬩竴涓嬬幇瀹炰笘鐣屼腑涓涓畬緹庣殑Web搴旂敤鏄庢牱宸ヤ綔鐨勶細(xì)
1. 鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒涓緭鍏RL錛岃闂竴涓〉闈€?br>2. Web搴旂敤鏄劇ず涓涓櫥闄嗛〉闈紝瑕佹眰鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆鏈夋晥鐨勯獙璇佷俊鎭?br>3. 鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅拰瀵嗙爜銆?br>4. 鍋囪鐢ㄦ埛鎻愪緵鐨勯獙璇佷俊鎭槸姝ｇ‘鐨勶紝緇忚繃浜?jiǎn)楠岃瘉杩嚱E嬶紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤鍏佽鐢ㄦ埛嫻忚浠栨湁鏉冭闂殑鍖哄煙銆?br>5. 閫鍑烘椂錛岀敤鎴風(fēng)偣鍑婚〉闈㈢殑閫鍑烘寜閽紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤鏄劇ず紜欏甸潰錛岃闂敤鎴鋒槸鍚︾湡鐨勯渶瑕侀鍑恒備竴鏃︾敤鎴風(fēng)偣鍑葷‘瀹氭寜閽紝Session緇撴潫錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤閲嶆柊瀹氫綅鍒扮櫥闄嗛〉闈€傜敤鎴風(fēng)幇鍦ㄥ彲浠ユ斁蹇?jī)鐨劶浾d紑鑰屼笉鐢ㄦ媴蹇?jī)浠栫殑淇℃伅浼?xì)琚硠闇層?br>6. 鍙︿竴涓敤鎴峰潗鍒頒簡(jiǎn)鍚屼竴鍙扮數(shù)鑴戝墠銆備粬鐐瑰嚮鍚庨鎸夐挳錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤涓嶅簲璇ユ樉紺轟笂涓涓敤鎴瘋闂繃鐨勪換浣曚竴涓〉闈€?br>浜嬪疄涓婏紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗕竴鐩村仠鐣欏湪鐧婚檰欏甸潰涓婏紝闄ら潪絎簩涓敤鎴鋒彁渚涙紜殑楠岃瘉淇℃伅錛屼箣鍚庢墠鍙互璁塊棶浠栨湁鏉冮檺鐨勫尯鍩熴?br>
閫氳繃紺轟緥紼嬪簭錛屾枃绔犲悜鎮(zhèn)ㄩ槓榪頒簡(jiǎn)濡備綍鍦ㄤ竴涓猈eb搴旂敤涓疄鐜頒笂闈㈢殑鍔熻兘銆?br>
涓. JSP samples
涓轟簡(jiǎn)鏇翠負(fù)鏈夋晥鍦板悜鎮(zhèn)ㄨ鏄庤繖涓В鍐蟲柟妗堬紝鏈枃灝嗕粠灞曠ず涓涓猈eb搴旂敤logoutSampleJSP1涓鍒扮殑闂寮濮嬨傝繖涓ず渚嬩唬琛ㄤ簡(jiǎn)璁稿娌℃湁姝ｇ‘瑙ｅ喅閫鍑?guó)櫩嚱E嬬殑Web搴旂敤銆俵ogoutSampleJSP1鍖呭惈涓涓婮SP欏甸潰錛歭ogin.jsp, home.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp, logout.jsp, loginAction.jsp, 鍜?logoutAction.jsp銆傚叾涓〉闈ome.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp, 鍜?logout.jsp鏄笉鍏佽鏈粡璁よ瘉鐨勭敤鎴瘋闂殑錛屼篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝榪欎簺欏甸潰鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)閲嶈淇℃伅锛屽湪鐢ㄦ堬L(fēng)櫥闄嗕箣鍓嶆垨鑰呴鍑轟箣鍚庨兘涓嶅簲璇ユ樉紺哄湪嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑銆俵ogin.jsp欏甸潰鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)鐢ㄤ簬鐢ㄦ埊偩撳叆鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅拰瀵嗙爜鐨刦orm銆俵ogout.jsp欏甸潰鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)瑕佹眰鐢ㄦ堬L(fēng)‘璁ゆ槸鍚﹂鍑虹殑form銆俵oginAction.jsp鍜宭ogoutAction.jsp浣滀負(fù)鎺у埗鍣ㄥ垎鍒寘鍚簡(jiǎn)鐧婚檰鍜岄鍑哄姩浣滅殑浠ｇ爜銆?br>
絎簩涓猈eb紺轟緥搴旂敤logoutSampleJSP2灞曠ず浜?jiǎn)濡備綍绾犳绀轰緥logoutSampleJSP1涓殑闂銆備絾鏄浜屼釜紺轟緥logoutSampleJSP2鑷韓涔熸槸鏈夐棶棰樼殑銆傚湪鐗瑰畾鎯呭喌涓嬶紝閫鍑洪棶棰樹緷鐒跺瓨鍦ㄣ?br>
絎笁涓猈eb紺轟緥搴旂敤logoutSampleJSP3瀵筶ogoutSampleJSP2榪涜浜?jiǎn)鏀箻q涳紝姣旇緝濡ュ杽鍦拌В鍐充簡(jiǎn)閫鍑洪棶棰樸?br>
鏈鍚庝竴涓猈eb紺轟緥logoutSampleStruts灞曠ず浜?font size=3>JakartaStruts濡備綍浼橀泤鍦拌В鍐抽鍑洪棶棰樸?br>
娉ㄦ剰錛氭湰鏂囨墍闄勭ず渚嬪湪鏈鏂扮増鏈殑Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE), Netscape Navigator, Mozilla, FireFox鍜孉vant嫻忚鍣ㄤ笂嫻嬭瘯閫氳繃銆?br>
浜? Login action
Brian Pontarelli鐨勭粡鍏告枃绔?銆奐2EE Security: Container Versus Custom銆?璁ㄨ浜?jiǎn)涓嶅悓鐨凧2EE璁よ瘉鏂規(guī)硶銆傛枃绔犲悓鏃舵寚鍑猴紝HTTP鍗忚鍜屽熀浜巉orm鐨勮璇佹柟娉曞茍涓嶈兘鎻愪緵澶勭悊鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑洪棶棰樼殑鏈哄埗銆傚洜姝わ紝瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)硶渚挎槸寮曞叆鐢ㄦ埛鑷畾涔夌殑瀹夊叏瀹炵幇鏈哄埗錛岃繖灝辨彁渚涗簡(jiǎn)鏇村ぇ鐨勭伒媧繪с?br>
鍦ㄧ敤鎴瘋嚜瀹氫箟鐨勮璇佹柟娉曚腑錛屾櫘閬嶉噰鐢ㄧ殑鏂規(guī)硶鏄粠鐢ㄦ埛鎻愪氦鐨刦orm涓幏寰楃敤鎴瘋緭鍏ョ殑璁よ瘉淇℃伅錛岀劧鍚庡埌璇稿LDAP (lightweight directory access protocol)鎴栧叧緋繪暟鎹簱(relational database management system, RDBMS)鐨勫畨鍏ㄥ煙涓繘琛岃璇併傚鏋滅敤鎴鋒彁渚涚殑璁よ瘉淇℃伅鏄湁鏁堢殑錛岀櫥闄嗗姩浣滃湪HttpSession瀵硅薄涓繚瀛樻煇涓璞°侶ttpSession瀛樺湪鐫淇濆瓨鐨勫璞″垯琛ㄧず鐢ㄦ埛宸茬粡鐧婚檰鍒癢eb搴旂敤褰撲腑銆備負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏂逛究钃v瑙侊紝鏈枃鎵闄勭殑紺轟緥鍙湪HttpSession涓繚瀛樹竴涓敤鎴峰悕浠ヨ〃鏄庣敤鎴峰凡緇忕櫥闄嗐傛竻鍗?鏄粠loginAction.jsp欏甸潰涓妭閫夌殑涓孌典唬鐮佷互姝よ瑙ｇ櫥闄嗗姩浣滐細(xì)
Listing 1
//...
//initialize RequestDispatcher object; set forward to home page by default
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "home.jsp" );
//Prepare connection and statement
rs = stmt.executeQuery( "select password from USER where userName = '" + userName + "'" );
if (rs.next()) {
//Query only returns 1 record in the result set;
//Only 1 password per userName which is also the primary key
if (rs.getString( "password" ).equals(password)) { //If valid password
session.setAttribute( "User" , userName); //Saves username string in the session object
}
else { //Password does not match, i.e., invalid user password
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Invalid password." );
rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" );
}
} //No record in the result set, i.e., invalid username
else {
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Invalid user name." );
rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" );
}
}
//As a controller, loginAction.jsp finally either forwards to "login.jsp" or "home.jsp"
rd.forward(request, response);
//...
鏈枃褰撲腑鎵闄刉eb搴旂敤紺轟緥鍧囦互鍏崇郴鍨嬫暟鎹簱浣滀負(fù)瀹夊叏鍩燂紝浣嗘湰闂墍璁茶堪鐨勫唴瀹瑰悓鏍烽傜敤浜庡叾浠栦換浣曠被鍨嬬殑瀹夊叏鍩熴?br>
涓? Logout action
閫鍑哄姩浣滃寘鍚垹闄ょ敤鎴峰悕浠ュ強(qiáng)璋冪敤鐢ㄦ埛鐨凥ttpSession瀵硅薄鐨刬nvalidate()鏂規(guī)硶銆傛竻鍗?鏄粠loginoutAction.jsp涓妭閫夌殑涓孌典唬鐮侊紝浠ユ璇存槑閫鍑哄姩浣滐細(xì)
Listing 2
//...
session.removeAttribute( "User" );
session.invalidate();
//...
鍥? 闃繪鏈粡璁よ瘉璁塊棶鍙椾繚鎶ょ殑JSP欏甸潰
浠庢彁浜ょ殑form涓幏鍙栫敤鎴鋒彁浜ょ殑璁よ瘉淇℃伅騫剁粡榪囬獙璇佸悗錛岀櫥闄嗗姩浣滀粎浠呭湪HttpSession瀵硅薄涓啓鍏ヤ竴涓敤鎴峰悕銆傞鍑哄姩浣滃垯鍒氬ソ鐩稿弽錛屽畠浠嶩ttpSession涓垹闄ょ敤鎴峰悕騫惰皟鐢℉ttpSession瀵硅薄鐨刬nvalidate()鏂規(guī)硶銆備負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鋴社櫥闄嗗拰閫鍑哄姩浣滅湡姝ｅ彂鎸ヤ綔鐢紝鎵鏈夊彈淇濇姢鐨凧SP欏甸潰蹇呴』棣栧厛楠岃瘉HttpSession涓寘鍚殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶏紝浠ヤ究紜鐢ㄦ埛褰撳墠鏄惁宸茬粡鐧婚檰銆傚鏋淗ttpSession涓寘鍚簡(jiǎn)鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶏紝灝辮鏄庣敤鎴峰凡緇忕櫥闄嗭紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤浼?xì)灏嗗墿浣欑殑JSP欏典腑鐨勫姩鎬佸唴瀹瑰彂閫佺粰嫻忚鍣ㄣ傚惁鍒欙紝JSP欏靛皢璺寵漿鍒扮櫥闄嗛〉闈紝login.jsp銆傞〉闈ome.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp鍜?logout.jsp鍧囧寘鍚竻鍗?涓殑浠ｇ爜孌碉細(xì)
Listing 3
//...
String userName = (String) session.getAttribute( "User" );
if (null == userName) {
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Session has ended. Please login." );
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" );
rd.forward(request, response);
}
//...
//Allow the rest of the dynamic content in this JSP to be served to the browser
//...
鍦ㄨ繖涓唬鐮佹涓紝紼嬪簭浠嶩ttpSession涓?font color=#000000>媯(gè)绱?/font>username瀛楃涓層傚鏋渦sername瀛楃涓蹭負(fù)絀猴紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤鍒欒嚜鍔ㄤ腑姝㈡墽琛屽綋鍓嶉〉闈㈠茍璺寵漿鍒扮櫥闄嗛〉錛屽悓鏃剁粰鍑洪敊璇俊鎭?#8220;Session has ended. Please log in.”錛涘鏋滀笉涓虹┖錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤緇х畫鎵ц錛屾妸鍓╀綑鐨勯〉闈㈡彁渚涚粰鐢ㄦ埛錛屼粠鑰屼嬌JSP欏甸潰鐨勫姩鎬佸唴瀹規(guī)垚涓烘湇鍔″璞°?br>
浜?榪愯logoutSampleJSP1
榪愯logoutSampleJSP1灝嗕細(xì)鍑虹幇濡備笅鍑犵鎯呭艦錛?br>
• 濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛娌℃湁鐧婚檰錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗕細(xì)姝ｇ‘涓鍙椾繚鎶ら〉闈ome.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp鍜宭ogout.jsp涓姩鎬佸唴瀹圭殑鎵ц銆備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝鍋囧鐢ㄦ埛騫舵病鏈夌櫥闄嗭紝浣嗘槸鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒鍦板潃鏍忎腑鐩存帴鏁插叆鍙椾繚鎶SP欏電殑鍦板潃璇曞浘璁塊棶錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗚嚜鍔ㄨ煩杞埌鐧婚檰欏甸潰錛屽悓鏃舵樉紺洪敊璇俊鎭?#8220;Session has ended.Please log in.”
• 鍚屾牱鐨勶紝褰撲竴涓敤鎴峰凡緇忛鍑猴紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗕細(xì)姝ｇ‘涓鍙椾繚鎶ら〉闈ome.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp鍜宭ogout.jsp涓姩鎬佸唴瀹圭殑鎵ц銆備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑轟互鍚庯紝濡傛灉鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒鍦板潃鏍忎腑鐩存帴鏁插叆鍙椾繚鎶SP欏電殑鍦板潃璇曞浘璁塊棶錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗚嚜鍔ㄨ煩杞埌鐧婚檰欏甸潰錛屽悓鏃舵樉紺洪敊璇俊鎭?#8220;Session has ended.Please log in.”
• 鐢ㄦ埛閫鍑轟互鍚庯紝濡傛灉鐐瑰嚮嫻忚鍣ㄤ笂鐨勫悗閫鎸夐挳榪斿洖鍒板厛鍓嶇殑欏甸潰錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤灝嗕笉鑳芥紜繚鎶ゅ彈淇濇姢鐨凧SP欏甸潰鈥斺斿湪Session閿姣佸悗錛堢敤鎴烽鍑猴級(jí)鍙椾繚鎶ょ殑JSP欏典細(xì)閲嶆柊鏄劇ず鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒涓傜劧鑰岋紝鐐瑰嚮璇ラ〉闈笂鐨勪換浣曢摼鎺ワ紝W(xué)eb搴旂敤閮戒細(xì)璺寵漿鍒扮櫥闄嗛〉闈紝鍚屾椂鏄劇ず閿欒淇℃伅“Session has ended.Please log in.”
鍏? 闃繪嫻忚鍣ㄧ紦瀛?/font>
涓婅堪闂鐨勬牴婧愬氨鍦ㄤ簬鐜頒唬澶ч儴鍒嗘祻瑙堝櫒閮芥湁涓涓悗閫鎸夐挳銆傚綋鐐瑰嚮鍚庨鎸夐挳鏃訛紝榛樿鎯呭喌涓嬫祻瑙堝櫒涓嶄細(xì)浠嶹eb鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂閲嶆柊鑾峰彇欏甸潰錛岃屾槸綆鍗曠殑浠庢祻瑙堝櫒緙撳瓨涓噸鏂拌澆鍏ラ〉闈€傝繖涓棶棰樺茍涓嶄粎闄愪簬鍩轟簬Java(JSP/servlets/Struts) 鐨刉eb搴旂敤褰撲腑錛屽湪鍩轟簬PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)銆丄SP銆?Active Server Pages)銆佸拰.NET鐨刉eb搴旂敤涓篃鍚屾牱瀛樺湪銆?br>
鍦ㄧ敤鎴風(fēng)偣鍑誨悗閫鎸夐挳涔嬪悗錛屾祻瑙堝櫒鍒癢eb鏈嶅姟鍣紙涓鑸潵璇達(dá)級(jí)鎴栬呭簲鐢ㄦ湇鍔″櫒錛堝湪java鐨勬儏鍐典笅錛夊啀浠庢湇鍔″櫒鍒版祻瑙堝櫒榪欐牱閫氬父鎰忎箟涓婄殑HTTP鍥炶礬騫舵病鏈夊緩绔嬨備粎浠呭彧鏄敤鎴鳳紝嫻忚鍣ㄥ拰緙撳瓨涔嬮棿榪涜浜?jiǎn)浜や簰銆傛墍浠ュ嵆浣垮彈淇濇姢鐨凧SP欏甸潰錛屼緥濡俬ome.jsp, secure1.jsp, secure2.jsp鍜宭ogout.jsp鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)娓呭?涓婄殑浠ｇ爜錛屽綋鐐瑰嚮鍚庨鎸夐挳鏃訛紝榪欎簺浠ｇ爜涔熸案榪滀笉浼?xì)鎵ц鐨勩?br>
緙撳瓨鐨勫ソ鍧忥紝鐪熸槸浠佽呰浠佹櫤鑰呰鏅恒傜紦瀛樹簨瀹炰笂鐨勭‘鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)涓浜涗究鍒╋紝浣嗚繖浜涗究鍒╅氬父鍙瓨鍦ㄤ簬闈?rùn)鎬佺殑HTML欏甸潰鎴栧熀浜庡浘褰㈡垨褰卞儚鐨勯〉闈€傝屽彟涓鏂歸潰錛學(xué)eb搴旂敤閫氬父鏄潰鍚戞暟鎹殑銆傜敱浜嶹eb搴旂敤涓殑鏁版嵁棰戠箒鍙樻洿錛屾墍浠ヤ笌涓轟簡(jiǎn)鑺傜渷鏃墮棿浠庣紦瀛樹腑璇誨彇騫舵樉紺鴻繃鏈熺殑鏁版嵁鐩告瘮錛屾彁渚涙渶鏂扮殑鏁版嵁鏄懼緱灝や負(fù)閲嶈錛?br>
騫歌繍鐨勬槸錛孒TTP澶翠俊鎭?#8220;Expires”鍜?#8220;Cache-Control”涓哄簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忔湇鍔″櫒鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)涓涓帶鍒舵祻瑙堝櫒鍜屼唬鐞嗘湇鍔″櫒涓婄紦瀛樼殑鏈哄埗銆侶TTP澶翠俊鎭疎xpires鍛婅瘔浠ｇ悊鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ畠鐨勭紦瀛橀〉闈綍鏃跺皢榪囨湡銆侶TTP1.1瑙勮寖涓柊瀹氫箟鐨勫ご淇℃伅Cache-Control鍦╓eb搴旂敤褰撲腑鍙互閫氱煡嫻忚鍣ㄤ笉緙撳瓨浠諱綍欏甸潰銆傚綋鐐瑰嚮鍚庨鎸夐挳鏃訛紝嫻忚鍣ㄥ彂閫丠ttp璇鋒眰閬撳簲鐢ㄦ湇鍔″櫒浠ヤ究鑾峰彇璇ラ〉闈㈢殑鏈鏂版嫹璐濄傚涓嬫槸浣跨敤Cache-Control鐨勫熀鏈柟娉曪細(xì)
• no-cache:寮哄埗緙撳瓨浠庢湇鍔″櫒涓婅幏鍙栬欏甸潰鐨勬渶鏂版嫹璐?br>• no-store: 鍦ㄤ換浣曟儏鍐典笅緙撳瓨涓嶄繚瀛樿欏甸潰
HTTP1.0瑙勮寖涓殑Pragma:no-cache絳夊悓浜嶩TTP1.1瑙勮寖涓殑Cache-Control:no-cache錛屽悓鏍峰彲浠ュ寘鍚湪澶翠俊鎭腑銆?
閫氳繃浣跨敤HTTP澶翠俊鎭殑cache鎺у埗錛岀浜屼釜紺轟緥搴旂敤logoutSampleJSP2瑙ｅ喅浜?jiǎn)logoutSampleJSP1鐨勯棶棰樸俵ogoutSampleJSP2涓巐ogoutSampleJSP1涓嶅悓琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ涓嬩唬鐮佹涓紝榪欎竴浠ｇ爜孌靛姞鍏ヨ繘鎵鏈夊彈淇濇姢鐨勯〉闈腑錛?br>
//...
response.setHeader( "Cache-Control" , "no-cache" ); //Forces caches to obtain a new copy of the page from the origin server
response.setHeader( "Cache-Control" , "no-store" ); //Directs caches not to store the page under any circumstance
response.setDateHeader( "Expires" , 0); //Causes the proxy cache to see the page as "stale"
response.setHeader( "Pragma" , "no-cache" ); //HTTP 1.0 backward compatibility
String userName = (String) session.getAttribute( "User" );
if (null == userName) {
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Session has ended. Please login." );
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" );
rd.forward(request, response);
}
//...
閫氳繃璁劇疆澶翠俊鎭拰媯(gè)鏌ttpSession瀵硅薄涓殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶆潵紜繚嫻忚鍣ㄤ笉浼?xì)缂撳瓨JSP欏甸潰銆傚悓鏃訛紝濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛鏈櫥闄嗭紝JSP欏甸潰鐨勫姩鎬佸唴瀹逛笉浼?xì)鍙戦佸埌嫻忚鍣紝鍙栬屼唬涔嬬殑灝嗘槸鐧婚檰欏甸潰login.jsp銆?br>
涓? 榪愯logoutSampleJSP2
榪愯W(xué)eb紺轟緥搴旂敤logoutSampleJSP2鍚庡皢浼?xì)鐪嬪埌濡備笅缁撴灉锛?xì)
• 褰撶敤鎴烽鍑哄悗璇曞浘鐐瑰嚮鍚庨鎸夐挳錛屾祻瑙堝櫒涓嶄細(xì)閲嶆柊鏄劇ず鍙椾繚鎶ょ殑欏甸潰錛屽畠鍙細(xì)鏄劇ず鐧婚檰欏祃ogin.jsp鍚屾椂緇欏嚭鎻愮ず淇℃伅Session has ended. Please log in.
• 鐒惰岋紝褰撴寜浜?jiǎn)鍚庨鎸夐挳榪斿洖鐨勯〉鏄鐞嗙敤鎴鋒彁浜ゆ暟鎹殑欏甸潰鏃訛紝IE鍜孉vant嫻忚鍣ㄥ皢寮瑰嚭濡備笅淇℃伅鎻愮ず錛?br>
璀﹀憡錛氶〉闈㈠凡榪囨湡
The page you requested was created using information you submitted in a form. This page is no longer available. As a security precaution, Internet Explorer does not automatically resubmit your information for you.
Mozilla鍜孎ireFox嫻忚鍣ㄥ皢浼?xì)鏄窘C轟竴涓璇濇錛屾彁紺轟俊鎭涓嬶細(xì)
The page you are trying to view contains POSTDATA that has expired from cache. If you resend the data, any action from the form carried out (such as a search or online purchase) will be repeated. To resend the data, click OK. Otherwise, click Cancel.
鍦↖E鍜孉vant嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑閫夋嫨鍒鋒柊鎴栬呭湪Mozilla鍜孎ireFox嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑閫夋嫨閲嶆柊鍙戦佹暟鎹悗錛屽墠涓涓狫SP欏甸潰灝嗛噸鏂版樉紺哄湪嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑銆傛樉鐒剁殑錛岃繖鐥呬笉鏄垜浠墍鎯崇湅鍒扮殑鍥犱負(fù)瀹冭繚鑳屼簡(jiǎn)logout鍔ㄤ綔鐨勭洰鐨勩傚彂鐢熻繖涓鐜拌薄鏃訛紝寰堝彲鑳芥槸涓涓伓鎰忕敤鎴峰湪灝濊瘯鑾峰彇鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬暟鎹傜劧鑰岋紝榪欎釜闂浠呬粎鍑虹幇鍦ㄧ偣鍑誨悗閫鎸夐挳鍚庯紝嫻忚鍣ㄨ繑鍥炲埌涓涓鐞哖OST璇鋒眰鐨勯〉闈€?br>
鍏? 璁板綍鏈鍚庣櫥闄嗘椂闂?
涓婅堪闂鐨勫彂鐢熸槸鍥犱負(fù)嫻忚鍣ㄩ噸鏂版彁浜や簡(jiǎn)鍏剁紦瀛樹腑鐨勬暟鎹傝繖鏈枃鐨勪緥瀛愪腑錛屾暟鎹寘鍚簡(jiǎn)鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅拰瀵嗙爜銆傚敖綆E嫻忚鍣ㄧ粰鍑轟簡(jiǎn)瀹夊叏璀﹀憡淇℃伅錛屼絾浜嬪疄涓婃祻瑙堝櫒姝ゆ椂璧峰埌浜?jiǎn)璐熼潰浣滅敤銆?br>
涓轟簡(jiǎn)瑙ｅ喅logoutSampleJSP2涓嚭鐜扮殑闂錛宭ogoutSampleJSP3鐨刲ogin.jsp闄や簡(jiǎn)鍖呭惈username鍜宲assword鐨勪箣澶栵紝榪樺鍔犱簡(jiǎn)涓涓О浣渓astLogon鐨勯殣钘忚〃鍗曞煙錛屾琛ㄥ崟鍩熷皢浼?xì)鍔ㄦ佺殑琚垵濮嬪寲涓轟竴涓猯ong鍨嬪箋傝繖涓猯ong鍨嬪兼槸閫氳繃璋冪敤System.currentTimeMillis()鑾峰彇鍒扮殑鑷?970騫?鏈?鏃ヤ互鏉ョ殑姣鏁般傚綋login.jsp涓殑form鎻愪氦鏃訛紝loginAction.jsp棣栧厛灝嗛殣钘忓煙涓殑鍊間笌鐢ㄦ埛鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨刲astLogon鍊艱繘琛屾瘮杈冦傚彧鏈夊綋lastLogon琛ㄥ崟鍩熶腑鐨勫煎ぇ浜庢暟鎹簱涓殑鍊兼椂Web搴旂敤鎵嶈涓鴻繖鏄釜鏈夋晥鐨勭櫥闄嗐?br>
涓轟簡(jiǎn)楠岃瘉鐧婚檰錛屾暟鎹簱涓璴astLogon瀛楁蹇呴』鐢ㄨ〃鍗曚腑鐨刲astLogon鍊艱繘琛屾洿鏂般備笂渚嬩腑錛屽綋嫻忚鍣ㄩ噸澶嶆彁浜ょ紦瀛樹腑鐨勬暟鎹椂錛岃〃鍗曚腑鐨刲astLogon鍊間笉姣旀暟鎹簱涓殑lastLogon鍊煎ぇ錛屽洜姝わ紝loginAction灝嗚煩杞埌l(fā)ogin.jsp欏甸潰錛屽茍鏄劇ず濡備笅閿欒淇℃伅“Session has ended.Please log in.”娓呭崟5鏄痩oginAction涓妭閫夌殑浠ｇ爜孌碉細(xì)
娓呭崟5
//...
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "home.jsp" ); //Forward to homepage by default
//...
if (rs.getString( "password" ).equals(password)) { //If valid password
long lastLogonDB = rs.getLong( "lastLogon" );
if (lastLogonForm > lastLogonDB) {
session.setAttribute( "User" , userName); //Saves username string in the session object
stmt.executeUpdate( "update USER set lastLogon= " + lastLogonForm + " where userName = '" + userName + "'" );
}
else {
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Session has ended. Please login." );
rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" ); }
}
else { //Password does not match, i.e., invalid user password
request.setAttribute( "Error" , "Invalid password." );
rd = request.getRequestDispatcher( "login.jsp" );
}
//...
rd.forward(request, response);
//...
涓轟簡(jiǎn)瀹炵幇涓婅堪鏂規(guī)硶錛屼綘蹇呴』璁板綍姣忎釜鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬渶鍚庣櫥闄嗘椂闂淬傚浜庨噰鐢ㄥ叧緋誨瀷鏁版嵁搴撳畨鍏ㄥ煙鏉ヨ錛岃繖鐐瑰彲浠ュ彲浠ラ氳繃鍦ㄦ煇涓〃涓姞涓妉astLogin瀛楁杞繪澗瀹炵幇銆傝櫧鐒跺LDAP浠ュ強(qiáng)鍏朵粬鐨勫畨鍏ㄥ煙鏉ヨ闇瑕佺◢寰姩涓嬭剳絳嬶紝浣嗘渶鍚庣櫥闄嗘柟娉曞緢鏄劇劧鏄彲浠ュ疄鐜扮殑銆?br>
琛ㄧず鏈鍚庣櫥闄嗘椂闂寸殑鏂規(guī)硶鏈夊緢澶氥傜ず渚媗ogoutSampleJSP3鍒╃敤浜?jiǎn)鑷?970騫?鏈?鏃ヤ互鏉ョ殑姣鏁般傝繖涓柟娉曞嵆浣垮湪璁稿浜哄湪涓嶅悓嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑鐢ㄤ竴涓敤鎴瘋處鍙風(fēng)櫥闄嗘椂涔熸槸鍙鐨勩?br>
涔? 榪愯logoutSampleJSP3
榪愯紺轟緥logoutSampleJSP3灝嗗睍紺哄浣曟紜鐞嗛鍑洪棶棰樸備竴鏃︾敤鎴烽鍑猴紝鐐瑰嚮嫻忚鍣ㄤ笂鐨勫悗閫鎸夐挳鍦ㄤ換浣曟儏鍐典笅閮戒笉浼?xì)鍦▼箯瑙堝櫒涓槃·哄彈淇濇姢鐨凧SP欏甸潰銆傝繖涓ず渚嬪睍紺轟簡(jiǎn)濡備綍姝ｇ‘澶勭悊閫鍑洪棶棰樿屼笉闇瑕佸鐢ㄦ埛榪涜棰濆鐨勫煿璁?br>
涓轟簡(jiǎn)浣夸唬鐮佹洿綆緇冩湁鏁堬紝涓浜涘啑浣欑殑浠ｇ爜鍙互鍓旈櫎銆備竴縐嶉斿緞灝辨槸鎶婃竻鍗?涓殑浠ｇ爜鍐欏埌涓涓崟鐙殑JSP欏典腑錛屽叾浠朖SP欏甸潰鍙互閫氳繃鏍囩 <jsp:include>榪涜浣跨敤
鍗? Struts妗嗘灦涓嬬殑閫鍑哄疄鐜?/font>
涓庣洿鎺ヤ嬌鐢↗SP鎴朖SP/servlets榪涜W(xué)eb搴旂敤寮鍙戠浉姣旓紝鍙︿竴涓洿濂界殑鍙夋柟妗堟槸浣跨敤Struts銆傚浜庝竴涓熀浜嶴truts鐨刉eb搴旂敤鏉ヨ錛屾坊鍔犱竴涓鐞嗛鍑洪棶棰樼殑妗嗘灦鍙互浼橀泤鍦頒笉璐規(guī)皵鍔涚殑瀹炵幇銆傝繖褰掑姛浜嶴truts鏄噰鐢∕VC璁捐妯″紡鐨勶紝鍥犳鍙互灝嗘ā鍨嬪拰瑙嗗浘浠ｇ爜娓呮櫚鐨勫垎紱匯傚彟澶栵紝Java鏄竴涓潰鍚戝璞＄殑璇█錛屾敮鎸佺戶鎵匡紝鍙互姣擩SP涓殑鑴氭湰鏇翠負(fù)瀹規(guī)槗鍦板疄鐜頒唬鐮侀噸鐢ㄣ傚浜嶴truts鏉ヨ錛屾竻鍗?涓殑浠ｇ爜鍙互浠嶫SP欏甸潰涓Щ妞嶅埌Action綾葷殑execute()鏂規(guī)硶涓?br>
姝ゅ錛屾垜浠繕鍙互瀹氫箟涓涓戶鎵縎truts Action綾葷殑Action鍩虹被錛屽叾execute()鏂規(guī)硶涓寘鍚簡(jiǎn)綾諱技娓呭崟4涓殑浠ｇ爜銆傞氳繃緇ф壙錛屽叾浠朅ction綾誨彲浠ョ戶鎵垮熀鏈被涓殑閫氱敤閫昏緫鏉ヨ緗瓾TTP澶翠俊鎭互鍙?qiáng)妫绱ttpSession瀵硅薄涓殑username瀛楃涓層傝繖涓狝ction鍩虹被鏄竴涓娊璞＄被騫跺畾涔変簡(jiǎn)涓涓娊璞℃柟娉昬xecuteAction()銆傛墍鏈夌戶鎵胯嚜Action鍩虹被鐨勫瓙綾婚兘蹇呴』瀹炵幇exectuteAction()鏂規(guī)硶鑰屼笉鏄鐩栧畠銆傞氳繃緇ф壙榪欎竴鏈哄埗錛屾墍鏈夌戶鎵胯嚜Action鍩虹被鐨勫瓙綾婚兘涓嶅繀鍐嶆媴蹇?jī)閫鍑轟唬鐮佹帴鍙ｃ傦紙plumbing瀹炲湪涓嶇煡閬撴庝箞緲昏瘧浜?jiǎn)锛宆+^錛岄珮鎵嬪府甯繖鍟婏紒鍘熸枃錛歐ith this inheritance hierarchy in place, all of the base
Action's subclasses no longer need to worry about any plumbing logout code.錛夈備粬浠皢鍙寘鍚甯哥殑涓氬姟閫昏緫浠ｇ爜銆傛竻鍗?鏄熀綾葷殑閮ㄥ垎浠ｇ爜錛?br>娓呭崟6
publicabstractclass BaseAction extends Action {
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setHeader(
response.setHeader( "Cache-Control" , "no-store" ); //Directs caches not to store the page under any circumstance
response.setDateHeader( "Expires" , 0); //Causes the proxy cache to see the page as "stale"
response.setHeader( "Pragma" , "no-cache" ); //HTTP 1.0 backward compatibility
if (!this.userIsLoggedIn(request)) {
ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();
errors.add( "error" , new ActionError( "logon.sessionEnded" ));
this.saveErrors(request, errors);
return mapping.findForward( "sessionEnded" );
}
return executeAction(mapping, form, request, response);
}
protectedabstract ActionForward executeAction(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException;
privateboolean userIsLoggedIn(HttpServletRequest request) {
if (request.getSession().getAttribute( "User" ) == null) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
娓呭崟6涓殑浠ｇ爜涓庢竻鍗?涓殑寰堢浉鍍忥紝鍞竴鍖哄埆鏄敤ActionMapping findForward鏇夸唬浜?jiǎn)RequestDispatcher forward銆傛竻鍗?涓紝濡傛灉鍦℉ttpSession涓湭鎵懼埌username瀛楃涓詫紝ActionMapping瀵硅薄灝嗘壘鍒板悕涓簊essionEnded鐨刦orward鍏冪礌騫惰煩杞埌瀵瑰簲鐨刾ath銆傚鏋滄壘鍒頒簡(jiǎn)錛屽瓙綾婚氳繃瀹炵幇executeAction()鏂規(guī)硶錛屽皢鎵ц浠栦滑鑷繁鐨勪笟鍔￠昏緫銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦╯truts-web.xml閰嶇疆鏂囦歡涓負(fù)鎵鏈夌戶鎵胯嚜Action鍩虹被鐨勫瓙綾誨０鏄庝釜涓鍚嶄負(fù)sessionEnded鐨刦orward鍏冪礌騫跺皢鍏舵寚鍚憀ogin.jsp鏄嚦鍏抽噸瑕佺殑銆傛竻鍗?浠ecure1 action闃愭槑浜?jiǎn)杩欐牱涓涓０鏄庯細(xì)
娓呭崟7
<action path= "/secure1"
type= "com.kevinhle.logoutSampleStruts.Secure1Action"
scope= "request" >
<forward name= "success" path= "/WEB-INF/jsps/secure1.jsp" />
<forward name= "sessionEnded" path= "/login.jsp" />
</action>
緇ф壙鑷狟aseAction綾葷殑瀛愮被Secure1Action瀹炵幇浜?jiǎn)executeAction()鏂規(guī)硶鑰屼笉鏄鐩栧畠銆係ecure1Action綾諱笉闇瑕佹墽琛屼換浣曢鍑轟唬鐮侊紝濡傛竻鍗?錛?br>
娓呭崟8
publicclass Secure1Action extends BaseAction {
public ActionForward executeAction(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
return (mapping.findForward( "success" ));
}
}
涓婇潰鐨勮В鍐蟲柟妗堟槸濡傛鐨勪紭闆呮湁鏁堬紝瀹冧粎浠呭彧闇瑕佸畾涔変竴涓熀綾昏屼笉闇瑕侀澶栫殑浠ｇ爜宸ヤ綔銆傚皢閫氱敤鐨勮涓烘柟娉曞啓鎴愪竴涓戶鎵縎trutsAction鐨勫熀綾繪槸鑰呯殑鎺ㄨ崘鐨勶紝鑰屼笖榪欐槸璁稿Struts欏圭洰鐨勫叡鍚岀粡楠屻?br>
鍗佷竴. 灞闄愭?/font>
涓婅堪瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)瀵笿SP鎴栧熀浜嶴truts鐨刉eb搴旂敤閮芥槸闈炲父綆鍗曡屽疄鐢ㄧ殑錛屼絾瀹冭繕鏄湁鏌愪簺灞闄愩傚湪鎴戠湅鏉ワ紝榪欎簺灞闄愬茍涓嶆槸鑷沖叧绱ц鐨勩?br>
• 閫氳繃鍙栨秷涓庢祻瑙堝櫒鍚庨鎸夐挳鏈夊叧鐨勭紦瀛樻満鍒訛紝涓鏃︾敤鎴風(fēng)寮欏甸潰鑰屾病鏈夊鏁版嵁榪涜鎻愪氦錛岄偅涔堥〉闈㈠皢浼?xì)涓㈠け鎵鏈夎緭鍏ョ殑鏁版嵁銆傚嵆浣跨偣鍑?yán)L祻瑙堝櫒鐨勫悗閫鎸夐挳榪斿洖鍒板垰鎵嶇殑欏甸潰涔熸棤嫻庝簬浜嬶紝鍥犱負(fù)嫻忚鍣ㄤ細(xì)浠庢湇鍔″櫒鑾峰彇鏂扮殑絀虹櫧欏甸潰鏄劇ず鍑烘潵銆備竴縐嶅彲鑳界殑鏂規(guī)硶騫朵笉鏄樆姝㈣繖浜汮SP欏甸潰鍖呭惈鏁版嵁鏁版嵁琛ㄦ牸銆傚湪鍩轟簬JSP鐨勮В鍐蟲柟妗堝綋涓紝閭ｄ簺JSP欏甸潰鍙互鍒犻櫎鍦ㄦ竻鍗?涓殑浠ｇ爜銆傚湪鍩轟簬Struts鐨勮В鍐蟲柟妗堝綋涓紝Action綾婚渶瑕佺戶鎵胯嚜Struts鐨凙ction綾昏岄潪BaseAction綾匯?br>
• 涓婇潰璁茶堪鐨勬柟娉曞湪Opera嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑涓嶈兘宸ヤ綔銆備簨瀹炰笂娌℃湁閫傜敤浜嶰pera嫻忚鍣ㄧ殑瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)錛屽洜涓篛pera嫻忚鍣ㄤ笌2616 Hypertext Transfer Protocol鈥擧TTP/1.1绱у瘑鐩稿叧銆係ection 13.13 of RFC 2616 states:
User agents often have history mechanisms, such as "Back" buttons and history lists, which can be used to redisplay an entity retrieved earlier in a session.騫歌繍鐨勬槸錛屼嬌鐢ㄥ井杞殑IE鍜屽熀浜嶮ozilla鐨勬祻瑙堝櫒鐢ㄦ埛澶氫綑Opera嫻忚鍣ㄣ備笂闈㈣榪扮殑瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)瀵瑰ぇ澶氭暟鐢ㄦ埛鏉ヨ榪樻槸鏈夊府鍔╃殑銆傚彟澶栵紝鏃犺鏄惁浣跨敤涓婅堪鐨勮В鍐蟲柟妗堬紝Opera嫻忚鍣ㄤ粛鐒跺瓨鍦ㄧ敤鎴烽鍑洪棶棰橈紝灝監(jiān)pera鏉ヨ娌℃湁浠諱綍鏀瑰彉銆傜劧鑰岋紝姝ｅRFC2616涓墍璇達(dá)紝閫氳繃鍍忎笂闈竴鏍瘋緗ご鏂囦歡鎸囦護(hù)錛屽綋鐢ㄦ埛鐐瑰嚮涓涓摼鎺ユ椂錛孫pera嫻忚鍣ㄤ笉浼?xì)浠幘~撳瓨涓幏鍙栭〉闈€?br>History mechanisms and caches are different. In particular history mechanisms SHOULD NOT try to show a semantically transparent view of the current state of a resource. Rather, a history mechanism is meant to show exactly what the user saw at the time when the resource was retrieved.
鍗佷簩. 緇撹
榪欑瘒鏂囩珷璁茶堪浜?jiǎn)澶勭悊閫鍑洪棶棰樼殑瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)錛屽敖綆℃柟妗堢畝鍗曠殑浠や漢鎯婅錛屼絾鍦ㄦ墍鏈夋儏鍐典笅閮借兘鏈夋晥鍦板伐浣溿傛棤璁烘槸瀵笿SP榪樻槸Struts錛屾墍瑕佸仛鐨勪笉榪囨槸鍐欎竴孌典笉瓚呰繃50琛岀殑浠ｇ爜浠ュ強(qiáng)涓涓褰曠敤鎴鋒渶鍚庣櫥闄嗘椂闂寸殑鏂規(guī)硶銆傚湪鏈夊瘑鐮佷繚鎶ょ殑Web搴旂敤涓嬌鐢ㄨ繖浜涙柟妗堣兘澶熺‘淇濆湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬬敤鎴風(fēng)殑縐佷漢鏁版嵁涓嶈嚧娉勯湶錛屽悓鏃訛紝涔熻兘澧炲姞鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭粡楠屻?/font>
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