2)錛?鐔熸?zhèn)塆nome/KDE絳塜-windows妗岄潰鐜鎿嶄綔 銆?
3)錛?鎺屾彙.tgz銆?rpm絳夎蔣浠跺寘鐨勫父鐢ㄥ畨瑁呮柟娉?
4)錛?瀛︿範娣誨姞澶栬錛屽畨瑁呰澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忥紙姣斿緗戝崱錛?
5)錛?鐔熸?zhèn)塆rub/Lilo寮曞鍣ㄥ強綆鍗曠殑淇鎿嶄綔 銆?
6)錛?鐔熸?zhèn)塋inux鏂囦歡緋葷粺 鍜岀洰褰曠粨鏋勩?
7)錛?鎺屾彙vi,gcc,gdb絳夊父鐢ㄧ紪杈戝櫒錛岀紪璇戝櫒錛岃皟璇曞櫒 銆?
8)錛?鐞嗚Вshell鍒悕銆佺閬撱両/O閲嶅畾鍚戙佽緭鍏ュ拰杈撳嚭浠ュ強shell鑴氭湰緙栫▼銆?
9)錛?瀛︿範Linux鐜涓嬬殑緇勭綉
2銆丩inux鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ鍩燂細
----浠ｇ悊鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣跨敤鐨勬槸Linux鐨刬ptables鍔熻兘錛?br /> ----鐢?shù)濯勬湇鍔″櫒锛屼娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄疞inux鐨剆amba鏈嶅姟鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鏂囦歡鍜屾墦鍗板叡浜湇鍔″櫒
----娓告垙鏈嶅姟鍣紝cs鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍦↙inux緋葷粺涓嬩嬌鐢╟s鐨凩inux鐗堟湰寤虹珛鐨勬湇鍔″櫒
----瀹㈡埛瀛樻。鏈嶅姟鍣紝閲囩敤鐨凩inux鐨刦tp鏈嶅姟鍣紝甯哥敤鐨勬湁:wu-ftp錛宲ro-ftp杞歡寤虹珛鐨?br /> ----www鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣跨敤鐨勬槸Linux涓嬬殑apache鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ蔣浠?br /> ----ftp鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓嬭澆鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣跨敤鐨勬槸Linux涓嬬殑wu-ftp錛宲ro-ftp錛寁s-ftp杞歡
----mail鏈嶅姟鍣紝閲囩敤鐨勬槸Linux涓嬬殑sendmail錛宷mail杞歡
----dns鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣跨敤鐨勬槸Linux涓嬬殑bind杞歡
----鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔″櫒錛屼嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏄痬ysql鎴栬卭racle杞歡
----闃茬伀澧欙紝杞歡闃茬伀澧欐湇鍔″櫒錛屼嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏄疞inux鐨刬ptables鍔熻兘寤虹珛鐨?br /> ----璺敱鍣紝杞礬鐢卞櫒錛屼嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏄疞inux涓嬬殑routed杞歡寤虹珛鐨?br /> ----鎷ㄥ彿鏈嶅姟鍣紝vpn鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ瓑絳?br />
3銆丩inux瀛︿範涓夋璧幫細
絎竴錛岀綉緇滄湇鍔″櫒闃舵錛?br /> 絎簩錛屽簲鐢ㄨ蔣浠剁殑寮鍙戯紱
絎笁錛屽唴鏍哥爺絀朵笌鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鐨勫紑鍙戦樁孌點?br />
]]>
瀹夎鍜岀櫥褰曞懡浠わ細login銆?shutdown銆?halt銆?reboot 銆乵ount銆乽mount 銆乧hsh
鏂囦歡澶勭悊鍛戒護錛歠ile銆?mkdir銆?grep銆乨d銆?find銆?mv 銆乴s 銆乨iff銆?cat銆?ln
緋葷粺綆＄悊鐩稿叧鍛戒護錛歞f銆乼op銆?free銆乹uota 銆乤t銆?lp銆乤dduser銆?groupadd kill銆乧rontab銆乼ar銆乽nzip銆?gunzip 銆乴ast
緗戠粶鎿嶄綔鍛戒護錛歩fconfig銆?ip 銆乸ing 銆?netstat 銆乼elnet銆?ftp銆?route銆?rlogin rcp 銆乫inger 銆乵ail 銆乶slookup
緋葷粺瀹夊叏鐩稿叧鍛戒護錛?passwd 銆乻u銆?umask 銆乧hgrp銆?chmod銆乧hown銆乧hattr銆乻udo銆?pswho
絎?鑺?/span> # userdel testuser
# exit 閫鍑簍erminal
# man shutdown 鎸塹閫鍑簃an
# shutdown --help
# shutdown --?
# shutdown now
# shutdown 0
ctrl+c 閫鍑哄綋鍓嶆鍦ㄨ繍琛岀殑紼嬪簭
絎?鑺?br />
# ls -l //鍒楁樉紺?br />
# ls -m //琛屾樉紺?br />
# cd, cd.. 閫鍒頒笂綰х洰褰?br />
# pwd 鏄劇ず褰撳墠璺緞
# mkdir test
# rmdir test 鐩綍蹇呴』鏄┖鐩綍
# rm -r test 琚闂緷嬈″垹闄?br />
# rm -rf test 寮哄埗鍒犻櫎
# touch 1 鍒涘緩鏂囦歡錛宭inux鏂囦歡鐨勫悗緙鍚嶇О錛屼粠鎶鏈搴﹁錛屾病鏈夋剰涔?br />
絎?鑺?br />
# cp file1 file2 鎶婃枃浠秄ile1鎷瘋礉涓浠斤紝鍛藉悕涓篺ile2
# cp -r directory1 directory2 閫掑綊recursion,鎶婄洰褰昫irectory1鎷瘋礉涓浠斤紝鍛藉悕涓篸irectory2
# mv directory1 directory2 鎶婄洰褰昫irectory1縐誨姩鍒癲irectory2鐩綍涓?br />
# mv -r
# vi fileName
(
esc銆緙栬緫妯″紡-->鍛戒護妯″紡
:w 銆鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝淇濆瓨
:q銆 鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝閫鍑?br />
:q!銆鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝涓嶄繚瀛橀鍑?br />
:wq銆鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝淇濆瓨閫鍑?br />
dd銆 鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝鍒犻櫎鍏夋爣鎵鍦ㄨ
dw銆 鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝鍒犻櫎鍏夋爣鎵鍦ㄥ崟璇峸ord
O 涓婃彃鍏ヤ竴琛?br />
o 涓嬫彃鍏ヤ竴琛?br />
a 鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶紝鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶄綅緗彃鍏ワ紝杞負杈撳叆妯″紡,append娣誨姞
)
絎?鑺?br />
# more fileName 鍒楀嚭鏂囦歡鍐呭
# cat fileName 鍒楀嚭鏂囦歡鍐呭銆姝ｅ簭
# tac fileName 鍒楀嚭鏂囦歡鍐呭銆閫嗗簭
# head -3 fileName 鍒楀嚭鏂囦歡澶翠笁琛?br />
# tail -3 fileName 鍒楀嚭鏂囦歡鏈笁琛?br />
# clear銆娓呭睆
# find / -name *local 鍦紡鐩綍涓嬫煡鎵懼悕瀛楀悗浜斾釜瀛楁瘝涓簂ocal鐨勬枃浠?br />
# whereis ls 鏄劇ずls鍛戒護鏉ヨ嚜鍝釜鏂囦歡錛屽強甯姪鏂囨。銆?br />
# echo $PATH 緋葷粺path鍖呮嫭鍝簺璺緞
# ln file1 file2 file2鍜宖ile1紜繛鎺ヨ搗鏉ャ備竴涓枃浠跺彉錛屽彟涓涓篃鍙橈紙榪欐槸鍜屽鍒剁殑鍖哄埆錛?br />
# ln -s file1 file3 file3杞繛鎺ュ埌file1 //symbol絎﹀彿錛岃蔣榪炴帴鐩稿綋涓庡揩鎹鋒柟寮忋?br />
(
鍒犻櫎紜繛鎺ユ椂錛屼竴涓鍒狅紝鍙︿竴涓繕鍦?br />
鍒犻櫎杞歡鎺ユ椂錛堣鎸囧悜鐨勬枃浠訛紝杞繛鎺ユ枃浠惰繕鍦紝鍙槸涓嶆寚鍚戜換浣曟枃浠訛級
ls鏃訛紝杞繛鎺ユ枃浠舵渶寮澶存槸l錛屾渶鍚庝細鏄劇ず鎸囧悜璋?br />
)
絎?鑺?鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊
$ 涓鑸敤鎴蜂笅鏄劇ず鐨勭鍙鳳紱
# 瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛涓嬫樉紺虹殑絎﹀彿銆?br />
# useradd ztf 娣誨姞涓涓敤鎴?錛堟病鎸囧畾緇勭殑璇濓紝鍒欏鍔犱竴涓拰鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶄竴鏍風(fēng)殑緇勶級
# passwd ztf 璁劇疆瀵嗙爜
(
鐒跺悗 # cd /etc
# more passwd
鏈鍚庝竴琛屾樉紺猴細
testuser:x:501:502::/home/ztf:/bin/bash
鐢ㄦ埛鍚?nbsp; :x:緇勫彿:鐢ㄦ埛鍙?:鐢ㄦ埛涓葷洰褰?鐢ㄦ埛shell
)
# bash
# bsh
# csh
# sh
(鍥涚shell鐨勭浉浜掑垏鎹?
# groupadd testg 娣誨姞涓涓粍
# useradd testuser2 -g testg 娣誨姞涓涓敤鎴峰埌鎸囧畾鐨勭粍涓?br />
# usermod -g testg testuser1 鐢ㄦ埛testuser1淇敼鍒扮粍testg涓?/p>
# cd /home
# rm -rf testuser
浠ヤ笂涓夎鏄垹闄や竴涓敤鎴風(fēng)殑姝ラ銆傚垹闄ょ敤鎴鳳紝鍐嶅垹闄ょ敤鎴風(fēng)殑鏂囦歡澶?br />
# su testuser 鍒囨崲鐢ㄦ埛
絎?鑺?鏂囦歡鏉冮檺
drwxrwxrwx ‘鈥?#8217;琛ㄧず鏃犳潈闄?read write execute
鏂囦歡鎵鏈夎咃紝鍚岀粍鐢ㄦ埛錛屽叾浠栫敤鎴?br />
# chmod +x fileName 緇欐枃浠跺姞x鏉冮檺,change module鏀瑰彉妯″紡
# chmod -x fileName 緇欐枃浠跺噺x鏉冮檺
# chmod u+x fileName 緇欐枃浠剁粰鐢ㄦ埛鑷繁鍔犱笂鏉冮檺
# chmod g+x fileName 緇欐枃浠剁粰鍚岀粍鍔犱笂鏉冮檺
# chmod o+x fileName 緇檕thers鐢ㄦ埛鍔爔
# chmod 755 fileName 755 rwxr-xr-x
# chmod 777 fileName 777 rwxrwxrwx //7涓?11
# chmod testuser2 fileName 緇欐枃浠舵敼鍙樻墍鏈夎?br />
絎?鑺?/span>
# wc fileName 鐢ㄦ潵緇熻鏂囨湰鏂囦歡鐨勮鏁幫紝瀛楁暟錛屽瓧絎︽暟 word count
# grep asdf fileName 鏌ヨ鏂囦歡涓紝鍝竴琛屾湁asdf錛岃繑鍥炶繖浜涜
# date 鏄劇ず鏃ユ湡
# stat 鏄劇ず鎸囧畾鏂囦歡淇℃伅
# who,w 鏄劇ず鍦ㄧ嚎鐧婚檰鐢ㄦ埛
# whoami 鏄劇ず鐢ㄦ埛鑷繁韜喚
# id 鏄劇ず褰撳墠鐢ㄦ埛淇℃伅
# hostname 鏄劇ず涓繪満鍚?br />
# uname 鏄劇ず鎿嶄綔緋葷粺淇℃伅
# dmesg 鏄劇ず緋葷粺鍚姩淇℃伅
# du 鏄劇ず鎸囧畾鏂囦歡鐩綍宸蹭嬌鐢ㄧ殑紓佺洏淇℃伅
# df 鏄劇ず鏂囦歡緋葷粺紓佺洏絀洪棿浣跨敤鎯呭喌
# free 鏄劇ず褰撳墠鍐呭瓨鍜屼氦鎹㈢┖闂寸殑浣跨敤鎯呭喌
# fdisk -l 鏄劇ず紓佺洏淇℃伅
# locale 鏄劇ず褰撳墠璇█淇℃伅
綆￠亾錛氬皢涓涓懡浠ょ殑杈撳嚭浼犻佺粰鍙︿竴涓懡浠わ紝浣滀負鍙︿竴涓懡浠ょ殑杈撳叆銆備嬌鐢ㄦ柟娉曪細鍛戒護1|鍛戒護2|鍛戒護3|鍛戒護4|...鍛戒護n
# ls -ri /etc | more
# cat /etc/passwd | wc
# cat /etc/passwd | grep lrj
# dmesg | grep eth0
# man bash |col -b>bash.txt //shell鐗規(guī)畩瀛楃">"鍜?>>"錛屾妸璇存槑鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹硅緭鍑烘垚綰枃鏈枃浠舵椂錛屾帶鍒跺瓧絎︿細鍙樻垚涔辯爜錛宑ol鎸囦護鍒欒兘鏈夋晥婊ら櫎榪欎簺鎺у埗瀛楃銆?br />
# ls -l | grep "^d" 鍙垪鍑虹洰褰?br />
# ls -l* | grep "^-" | wc -l
絎?鑺?鍛戒護鏇挎崲
# wall message 閫氱煡鎵鏈夌敤鎴?message
# wall ~date~ 閫氱煡鎵鏈夌敤鎴峰懡浠ょ殑鎵ц緇撴灉
# ls > cmd.txt 鎶婂懡浠ゆ墽琛岀殑緇撴灉杈撳叆鍒版枃浠朵腑
# ls >> cmd.txt 鎶婂懡浠ゆ墽琛岀粨鏋滆緭鍏ュ埌鏂囦歡涓袱閬?br />
# lsss 2> cmd.txt 閿欒杈撳嚭閲嶅畾鍚?br />
# wall < aa.txt 杈撳叆閲嶅畾鍚?鎶婃枃浠跺唴瀹瑰箍鎾粰鎵鏈夌敤鎴?br />
]]>