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解决Tomcat 5.0.19 中文参数传递问�?转蝲)

Terry的Blog — Wed, 07 Dec 2005 05:33:00 GMT

實際運用 Tomcat 5.0.19�Q�我們了解在不修�?Tomcat 原始��的狀況下�Q��用者透過 Form submit 的資料將一律以 ISO8859-1 處理�Q�程式設�a�師必須自行��字串將轉換�?Big5(�J�體中文) or GB2312/GBK(��體中文)�Q�我們在應用�E�式中，��所有的 request.getParameter("xx"); 作了 toBig5String() 的處理，理論上，所有的中文問題應該不會出現才對�Q�結果，還是發現某些狀況下�Q�中文還是變成亂��|��

�E�過分析整理�Q�我們發珑֕��出�?QueryString 的解析，以前�?Tomcat 4.x 時代�Q�無�?SUBMIT 時採�?GET or POST�Q�Tomcat server ��?parameters 的處理都採用相同的編��|��但在 Tomcat 5.x 版，不知何故�Q�卻��?QueryString 的解析獨立出來，目前��Q�Form �?Method 採用 GET 及直接將參數寫在 URL 上的中文�Q�上傛_�� Tomcat 時，無論如何轉碼�Q�都會變成亂��|��那怕你事先作過 URLEncode 也一樣�?

�E�站上，有�h針對這個問��，��所有中文改採用 base64 �R�碼�Q�到�?server 上，�E�式��自行土 base64 decode 回來�Q�確保中文不會發生問��。這樣作法當然可以解決這個問��，但是所有網頁變成限定要採用 POST�Q�且�E�式�a�計師要隨時分清楚，那個參數是採用 GET 上傳�Q�那個參數是採用 POST 上傳�Q�然後再針對不同的方式採用不同的解析�Q�這樣的程式一點兒�U�L��性都沒有�Q�更別提跨��^台、跨國際語言了�?

研究 Tomcat 的文件及原始��|��我們找��C��問題所在及解決的方法，只有按著以下的作法，才能�?Form submit 的資料完全按�?ISO8859-1 的編��|��當然�Q�若是全照著 Tomcat 的文件說明去作，肯定還是不行�Q�你還是得加上這個參數到 server.xml 中才行�?

解決�Ҏ��

請先研究 $TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/tomcat-docs/config/http.html 這個說明檔�Q�擷錄重點如下：
URIEncoding�Q�This specifies the character encoding used to decode the URI bytes, after %xx decoding the URL. If not specified, ISO-8859-1 will be used.

useBodyEncodingForURI�Q�This specifies if the encoding specified in contentType should be used for URI query parameters, instead of using the URIEncoding. This setting is present for compatibility with Tomcat 4.1.x, where the encoding specified in the contentType, or explicitely set using Request.setCharacterEncoding method was also used for the parameters from the URL. The default value is false.

上述二�?Tomcat 參數�Q�是�a�定�?server.xml 中的 http 區塊，要解�?QueryString 中文變成亂碼的問��，你必須至��設定這二個參數其中之一�?
URIEncoding 請設定為 URIEncoding="ISO-8859-1" 指定�?"ISO-8859-1" �R�碼�Q�讓 QueryString 的字元編��D�� post body 相同�?
useBodyEncodingForURI 這是用來相容 Tomcat 4.x 版的�Q�設定的值是 "true" or "false"�Q�意思是�?"要不要讓 QueryString �?POST BODY 採用相同的字元編��??"�Q�若是設�?true�Q�那也可達到 "ISO-8859-1" �R�碼的需求�?
��Q�採�?URIEncoding 的設定，畢竟 useBodyEncodingForURI 的作法是��Z��相容 Tomcat 4.X。不過若照原文的說明�Q�理論上這二個參敔R��不設�Q�Tomcat 也該採用 "ISO-8859-1" 的編��|��那為什麼還是會有問��呢 ? 我們由 Tomcat Source Code 來看��清楚了�?/FONT>

// 這一�D늢��?Tomcat 用來�?QueryString 的程式，
// �?org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Parameters 這�?class 裡�?/FONT>
private String urlDecode(ByteChunk bc, String enc)
  throws IOException {
  if( urlDec==null ) {
     urlDec=new UDecoder(); 
  }
  urlDec.convert(bc);
  String result = null;
  if (enc != null) {
    bc.setEncoding(enc);
    result = bc.toString();
  } 
  else {
    CharChunk cc = tmpNameC;
    cc.allocate(bc.getLength(), -1);
    // Default encoding: fast conversion
    byte[] bbuf = bc.getBuffer();
    char[] cbuf = cc.getBuffer();
    int start = bc.getStart();
    for (int i = 0; i < bc.getLength(); i++) {
      cbuf[i] = (char) (bbuf[i + start] & 0xff);
    }
    cc.setChars(cbuf, 0, bc.getLength());
    result = cc.toString();
    cc.recycle();
  }
  return result;
}

請特別注意紅色區塊，�?Tomcat 發現 QueryString 並沒有設�?encode 時，並非像文件中所說預�a�採�?ISO-8859-1 的編��|��而是用一�D?fast conversion 來處理，才會造成中文問題�Q�所以，還是必須�?Server.xml 中，加上 URLEncoding 的參數設定才行哦�?

Connector 的設定範例：

"0"
acceptCount="100"
connectionTimeout="20000"
disableUploadTimeout="true"
port="80"
redirectPort="8443"
enableLookups="false"
minSpareThreads="25"
maxSpareThreads="75"
maxThreads="150"
maxPostSize="0"
URIEncoding="ISO-8859-1"
>

转蝲地址�Q?BR>http://www.javaworld.com.tw/jute/post/view?bid=9&id=44042&sty=1&tpg=1&age=0

Terry的Blog 2005-12-07 13:33 发表评论

Tomcat 5.5 配置(转蝲)

Terry的Blog — Mon, 05 Dec 2005 16:13:00 GMT

Tomcat 5.5 配置

1.�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>

Release Notes: http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.5-doc/RELEASE-NOTES
Change Log: http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.5-doc/changelog.html
Downloads: http://tomcat.apache.org/download-55.cgi

�?/SPAN>jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip

�?/SPAN>jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip

�?/SPAN>jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip
(Tomcat �?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>是没有内�|?/SPAN>admin�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>

Tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it. )

都解�?/SPAN>到同一个目�?/SPAN>下面。比如：D:\jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\

(如果使用jdk1.4�Q�才需�?/SPAN>compat.zip�?/SPAN>jdk1.5��可以免�?/SPAN>�q?/SPAN>个�?/SPAN>)

2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\tomcat-users.xml.
��d��理员�̎�?/SPAN>lizongbo�Q�密码�ؓlizongbopass.
�?/SPAN>xml如下�Q?/SPAN>

3.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\server.xml来解�?/SPAN>�~�码问题�?SPAN lang=EN-US>

(�l?/SPAN>Connector ��d��URIEncoding参数
参�?/SPAN> http://blog.csdn.net/darkxie/archive/2004/10/25/TOMCATAPP.aspx)

(可以�?/SPAN>�|�成GB18030)
                   maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
               enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="200"
               connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"
               compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048"
      noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
      compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"/>

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" URIEncoding="GBK"/>

4.启用支持gzip压羃.
(http://www.linuxaid.com.cn/forum/showdoc.jsp?l=1&i=81169)
��d��下列属�?/SPAN>
compression="on"
      compressionMinSize="2048"
      noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
      compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"

5.�?/SPAN>�|�虚�?/SPAN>��L��?/SPAN>

�?/SPAN>jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\下徏立文�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>vhost\www.mydomain.com�?/SPAN>

然后修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\server.xml

6.��d��数据库驱�?/SPAN>,更新mail.jar�?/SPAN>actiovation.jar

�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>mysql-connector-java-3.0.16-ga-bin.jar,pg74.215.jdbc3.jar�?/SPAN> jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\common\lib\

�q?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>javamail 1.3.2�?/SPAN>mail.jar�Q?/SPAN>jaf-1_0_2�?/SPAN> activation.jar

msSQl 2000 JDBC sp3�Q?/SPAN>msbase.jar,msutil,jar,mssqlserver.jar

7.配置SSL

参�?/SPAN> http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.5-doc/ssl-howto.html

D:\j2sdk1.4.2_06\bin>%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>keystore�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN> lizongbossl
您的名字与姓氏是什�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[tomcat5.5.x]�Q?/SPAN> tomcat5.5.x
您的�l�织�?/SPAN>位名�U�是什�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[jakarta]�Q?/SPAN> jakarta
您的�l�织名称是什�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[apache]�Q?/SPAN> apache
您所在的城市或区域名�U�是什�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[hzcity]�Q?/SPAN> hzcity
您所在的州或省䆾名称是什�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[gdp]�Q?/SPAN> gdp
该单位的两字母国家代�?/SPAN>是什�?/SPAN>
[CN]�Q?/SPAN> CN
CN=tomcat5.5.x, OU=jakarta, O=apache, L=hzcity, ST=gdp, C=CN 正确�?/SPAN>�Q?/SPAN>
[�?/SPAN>]�Q?/SPAN> y

�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>的主�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>
�Q�如果和 keystore �?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>相同�Q�按�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>�Q�：

(�?/SPAN>��?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>一��_��因此直接�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>)

然后再把userhome(例如�Q?/SPAN>C:\Documents and Settings\lizongbo\)下的.keystore�?/SPAN>制到

tomcat�?/SPAN>conf\�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>下�?/SPAN>

(例如�Q?/SPAN>D:\jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\.keystore )

配置jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\server.xml

加上

                   maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
               enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
               acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
           keystoreFile="conf/.keystore"
           keystorePass="lizongbossl">

8.��止文�g�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>列表�Q?/SPAN>

修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x\conf\web.xml�Q�把listing�?/SPAN>�|?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>false

        default
        org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet

            debug
            0


            listings
            true

        1

9.指定了自��q��javaEncoding

(参�?/SPAN> http://gceclub.sun.com.cn/staticcontent/html/sunone/app7/app7-dg-webapp/ch6/ch6-4.html )

        jsp
        org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet

            fork
            false


            javaEncoding
            GB18030


            xpoweredBy
            true

        3

10.��d��rar,iso�{�的mime-type映射

避免�?/SPAN>��览器里直接�?/SPAN>开�?/SPAN>

mht
text/x-mht

        rar
        application/octet-stream


        iso
        application/octet-stream


        ape
        application/octet-stream


        rmvb
        application/octet-stream

        ico
        image/x-icon

10.1对html静态页面设�|�编�?BR>

    htm
    text/html;charset=gb2312


    html
    text/html;charset=gb2312

11.��d��welcome-file-list�Q��ƈ�?/SPAN>�?/SPAN>��?/SPAN>序�?/SPAN>

        index.jsp
        index.html
        index.htm
        default.html
        default.htm
        default.jsp

Terry的Blog 2005-12-06 00:13 发表评论

Terry的Blog — Wed, 16 Nov 2005 02:37:00 GMT

WebLogic JNDI 使用�Ҏ��?BR>
参考资�?BR>1: http://www.weblogic.com/docs/classdocs/API_jndi.html
2: BeaHOME\wlserver6.1\samples\examples\jndi

public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Use weblogic test JNDI
    // project include BeaHOME\wlserver6.1\lib\weblogic.jar
    String bindingkey = "UserAccount";
    Context initialContext = null;
    try {
        // 1 Create a Properties object and set properties appropriately
        Properties props = new Properties();
        // Take a look at BeaHOME\wlserver6.1\samples\examples\jndi
        // 1.1
        props.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory");
        // 1.2
        props.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "t3://localhost:7001");

// 2 Create the initial context from the properties we just created
initialContext = new InitialContext(props);

        HashMap lst = new HashMap();
        lst.put("enterprise_code", "600000");
        lst.put("username", "S02888");
        lst.put("password", "sysmex");

        // Sometimes bind twice will cause NamingException
        //initialContext.unbind(bindingkey);
        try {
            // binding is copy obj's value to server
            initialContext.bind(bindingkey, lst);
        } catch (NameAlreadyBoundException e) {
            initialContext.rebind(bindingkey, lst);
        }

// Look up the object. copy obj's value from server
Object obj = initialContext.lookup(bindingkey);

        if (bindingkey.equals("")) {
            System.out.println("Looked up the initial context");
        } else {
            System.out.println(bindingkey + " is bound to: " + obj);
        }
    } catch (NamingException e) {
        System.out.println("NamingException msg = " + e.getMessage());
    } finally {
        if (initialContext != null) {
            try {
                initialContext.close();
            } catch (NamingException e) {
                System.out.println("Failed to close context due to: " + e);
            }
        }
    }
}

用ACLs限制JNDI讉K��

    �l�JNDI的访问加入权限限�?

    1: �?http://localhost:7001/console/ 中设�|?BR>    Security--->ACLs   Create a new ACL...
    Name=weblogic.jndi.myapp // �q�个myapp��是要限制的JNDI路径.
    Permissions=lookup (first time)
    Permissions=modify (secend time)
    User=user1
     if there is a error system has not "modify" permission
     please add one line in filerealm.properties
     acl.modify.weblogic.admin=Administrators

2: 代码中访问JNDI是要输入用户�?密码

static final String JNDI_PATH = "myapp";

    public void bindUserData(
        String sessid,
        String enterpriseCode,
        String userId,
        String password) {

        // Use weblogic test JNDI
        // project include BeaHOME\wlserver6.1\lib\weblogic.jar
        String bindingkey = sessid;
        Context initialContext = null;
        try {
            // 1 Create a Properties object and set properties appropriately
            Properties props = new Properties();
            // Take a look at BeaHOME\wlserver6.1\samples\examples\jndi
            props.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory");
            props.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "t3://localhost:7001");
            // ユーザおよびパスワードを T3User にパッケヹ{��化して�?BR>            // パスワードを��実に暗号化する
            props.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, new T3User("user1", "psw1"));

           // 2 Create the initial context from the properties we just created
            initialContext = new InitialContext(props);

            HashMap lst = new HashMap();
            //lst.put("enterprise_code", "600000");
            //lst.put("username", "S02888");
            //lst.put("password", "sysmex");

            lst.put("enterprise_code", enterpriseCode);
            lst.put("username", userId);
            lst.put("password", password);

            try {
                initialContext.createSubcontext(JNDI_PATH);
                System.out.println("Subcontext 'myapp' created");
            } catch (NameAlreadyBoundException e) {
                // ��c��ゟ냳テキわV��がすでに存在している�?BR>                // 名前が同じオブジェクトにすでにバインドされている場合�?BR>                // WebLogic のコミ냆キストの実装で、この例外は送出されない�?BR>                System.out.println("Subcontext 'myapp' already exists;" + " continuing with existing subcontext");
            }

            initialContext.unbind(JNDI_PATH + "." + bindingkey);
            // bind is copy obj's value to server
            initialContext.bind(JNDI_PATH + "." + bindingkey, lst);

// Look up the object. copy obj's value from server
Object obj = initialContext.lookup(JNDI_PATH + "." + bindingkey);

            if (bindingkey.equals("")) {
                System.out.println("Looked up the initial context");
            } else {
                System.out.println(
                    JNDI_PATH + "." + bindingkey + " is bound to: " + obj);
            }

        } catch (NamingException e) {
            System.out.println("NamingException msg = " + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (initialContext != null) {
                try {
                    initialContext.close();
                } catch (NamingException e) {
                    System.out.println("Failed to close context due to: " + e);
                }
            }
        }
    }

// 补充:遍历所有元�?BR>NamingEnumeration ne = initialContext.list("."); // 用句可��C�根目录
while (ne.hasMoreElements()){
    System.out.println(ne.next());
}

Terry的Blog 2005-11-16 10:37 发表评论