鐢變簬鏈珯涓嶅厑璁鎬笂浼爖ip銆乺ar鏂囦歡錛屾墍浠ユ妸鍘嬬緝濂界殑鏂囦歡鍋氭垚doc鐨勫唴緗璞′簡錛屾墦寮doc瑙ｅ帇鍗沖彲
涓嬭澆鍦板潃錛?A >http://sunfruit.blogchina.com/inc/JSF.doc
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娉細鍘熻創鏉ヨ嚜J閬?/P>
Ioc妯″紡
銆銆鍒嗙鍏蟲敞錛?Separation of Concerns : SOC錛夋槸Ioc妯″紡鍜孉OP浜х敓鏈鍘熷鍔ㄥ姏錛岄氳繃鍔熻兘鍒嗚В鍙緱鍒板叧娉ㄧ偣錛岃繖浜涘叧娉ㄥ彲浠ユ槸 緇勪歡Components, 鏂歸潰Aspects鎴栨湇鍔ervices銆?/P>
銆銆浠嶨oF璁捐妯″紡涓紝鎴戜滑宸茬粡涔犳儻涓縐嶆濈淮緙栫▼鏂瑰紡錛欼nterface Driven Design 鎺ュ彛椹卞姩錛屾帴鍙ｉ┍鍔ㄦ湁寰堝濂藉錛屽彲浠ユ彁渚涗笉鍚岀伒媧葷殑瀛愮被瀹炵幇錛屽鍔犱唬鐮佺ǔ瀹氬拰鍋ュ．鎬х瓑絳夛紝浣嗘槸鎺ュ彛涓瀹氭槸闇瑕佸疄鐜扮殑錛屼篃灝辨槸濡備笅璇彞榪熸棭瑕佹墽琛岋細
銆銆AInterface a = new AInterfaceImp();
銆銆AInterfaceImp鏄帴鍙Interface鐨勪竴涓瓙綾伙紝Ioc妯″紡鍙互寤剁紦鎺ュ彛鐨勫疄鐜幫紝鏍規嵁闇瑕佸疄鐜幫紝鏈変釜姣斿柣錛氭帴鍙ｅ鍚岀┖鐨勬ā鍨嬪錛屽湪蹇呰鏃訛紝闇瑕佸悜妯″瀷濂楁敞灝勭煶鑶忥紝榪欐牱鎵嶈兘鎴愪負涓涓ā鍨嬪疄浣擄紝鍥犳錛屾垜浠皢浜轟負鎺у埗鎺ュ彛鐨勫疄鐜版垚涓?娉ㄥ皠"銆?/P>
銆銆Ioc鑻辨枃涓?Inversion of Control錛屽嵆鍙嶈漿妯″紡錛岃繖閲屾湁钁楀悕鐨勫ソ鑾卞潪鐞嗚錛氫綘鍛嗙潃鍒姩錛屽埌鏃舵垜浼氭壘浣犮?/P>
銆銆鍏跺疄Ioc妯″紡涔熸槸瑙ｅ喅璋冪敤鑰呭拰琚皟鐢ㄨ呬箣闂寸殑涓縐嶅叧緋伙紝涓婅堪AInterface瀹炵幇璇彞琛ㄦ槑褰撳墠鏄湪璋冪敤琚皟鐢ㄨ匒InterfaceImp錛岀敱浜庤璋冪敤鑰呭悕縐板啓鍏ヤ簡璋冪敤鑰呯殑浠ｇ爜涓紝榪欎駭鐢熶簡涓涓帴鍙ｅ疄鐜扮殑鍘熺姜錛氬郊姝よ仈緋伙紝璋冪敤鑰呭拰琚皟鐢ㄨ呮湁绱у瘑鑱旂郴錛屽湪UML涓槸鐢ㄤ緷璧?Dependency 琛ㄧず銆?/P>
銆銆浣嗘槸榪欑渚濊禆鍦ㄥ垎紱誨叧娉ㄧ殑鎬濈淮涓嬫槸涓嶅彲蹇嶈愮殑錛屽繀欏誨垏鍓詫紝瀹炵幇璋冪敤鑰呭拰琚皟鐢ㄨ呰В鑰︼紝鏂扮殑Ioc妯″紡 Dependency Injection 妯″紡鐢辨浜х敓浜嗭紝 Dependency Injection妯″紡鏄緷璧栨敞灝勭殑鎰忔濓紝涔熷氨鏄皢渚濊禆鍏堝墺紱伙紝鐒跺悗鍦ㄩ傚綋鏃跺欏啀娉ㄥ皠榪涘叆銆?/P>
Ioc妯″紡錛圖ependency Injection妯″紡錛夋湁涓夌錛?/P>
絎竴縐嶇被鍨?浠嶫NDI鎴朣erviceManager絳夎幏寰楄璋冪敤鑰咃紝榪欓噷綾諱技ServiceLocator妯″紡銆?1. EJB/J2EE
2. Avalon錛圓pache鐨勪竴涓鏉備嬌鐢ㄤ笉澶氱殑欏圭洰錛?
絎簩縐嶇被鍨?浣跨敤JavaBeans鐨剆etter鏂規硶 1. Spring Framework,
2. WebWork/XWork
絎笁縐嶇被鍨?鍦ㄦ瀯閫犳柟娉曚腑瀹炵幇渚濊禆 1. PicoContainer,
2. HiveMind
銆銆鏈夎繃EJB寮鍙戠粡楠岀殑浜洪兘鐭ラ亾錛屾瘡涓狤JB鐨勮皟鐢ㄩ兘闇瑕侀氳繃JNDI瀵繪壘鍒板伐鍘傛ц川鐨凥ome鎺ュ彛錛屽湪鎴戠殑鏁欑▼EJB鏄粈涔堢珷鑺備腑錛屾垜涔熸槸浠庝緷璧栧拰宸ュ巶妯″紡瑙掑害鏉ラ槓榪癊JB鐨勪嬌鐢ㄣ?/P>
銆銆鍦ㄩ氬父浼犵粺鎯呭喌涓嬶紝涓轟簡瀹炵幇璋冪敤鑰呭拰琚皟鐢ㄨ呰В鑰︼紝鍒嗙錛屼竴鑸槸閫氳繃宸ュ巶妯″紡瀹炵幇鐨勶紝涓嬮潰灝嗛氳繃姣旇緝宸ュ巶妯″紡鍜孖oc妯″紡涓嶅悓錛屽姞娣辯悊瑙oc妯″紡銆?/P>
宸ュ巶妯″紡鍜孖oc
銆銆鍋囪鏈変袱涓被B 鍜?C錛欱浣滀負璋冪敤鑰咃紝C鏄璋冪敤鑰咃紝鍦˙浠ｇ爜涓瓨鍦ㄥC鐨勮皟鐢細
public class B{
銆銆 private C comp;
銆銆......
}
銆銆瀹炵幇comp瀹炰緥鏈変袱縐嶉斿緞錛氬崟鎬佸伐鍘傛ā寮忓拰Ioc銆?/P>
宸ュ巶妯″紡瀹炵幇濡備笅錛?/P>
public class B{
銆銆 private C comp;
銆銆private final static MyFactory myFactory = MyFactory.getInstance();
銆銆public B(){
銆銆銆銆this.comp = myFactory.createInstanceOfC();
銆銆}
銆銆 public void someMethod(){
銆銆銆銆this.comp.sayHello();
銆 }
銆銆......
}
鐗圭偣錛?/P>
姣忔榪愯鏃訛紝MyFactory鍙牴鎹厤緗枃浠禭ML涓畾涔夌殑C瀛愮被瀹炵幇錛岄氳繃createInstanceOfC()鐢熸垚C鐨勫叿浣撳疄渚嬨?
浣跨敤Ioc渚濊禆鎬ф敞灝? Dependency Injection )瀹炵幇Picocontainer濡備笅錛孊綾誨鍚岄氬父POJO綾伙紝濡備笅錛?/P>
public class B{
銆銆 private C comp;
銆銆public B(C comp){
銆銆銆銆this.comp = comp;
銆銆 }
銆銆 public void someMethod(){
銆銆銆銆this.comp.sayHello();
銆銆 }
銆銆......
}
鍋囪C鎺ュ彛/綾繪湁鏈変竴涓叿浣撳疄鐜癈Imp綾匯傚綋瀹㈡埛绔皟鐢˙鏃訛紝浣跨敤涓嬪垪浠ｇ爜錛?/P>
public class client{
銆銆 public static void main( String[] args ) {
銆銆銆銆DefaultPicoContainer container = new DefaultPicoContainer();
銆銆銆銆container.registerComponentImplementation(CImp.class);
銆銆銆銆container.registerComponentImplementation(B.class);
銆銆銆銆B b = (B) container.getComponentInstance(B.class);
銆銆銆銆b.someMethod();
銆銆 }
}
銆銆鍥犳錛屽綋瀹㈡埛绔皟鐢˙鏃訛紝鍒嗗埆浣跨敤宸ュ巶妯″紡鍜孖oc鏈変笉鍚岀殑鐗圭偣鍜屽尯鍒細
銆銆涓昏鍖哄埆浣撶幇鍦˙綾葷殑浠ｇ爜錛屽鏋滀嬌鐢↖oc錛屽湪B綾諱唬鐮佷腑灝嗕笉闇瑕佸祵鍏ヤ換浣曞伐鍘傛ā寮忕瓑鐨勪唬鐮侊紝鍥犱負榪欎簺宸ュ巶妯″紡鍏跺疄榪樻槸涓嶤鏈変簺闂存帴鐨勮仈緋伙紝榪欐牱錛屼嬌鐢↖oc褰誨簳瑙ｈ︿簡B鍜孋涔嬮棿鐨勮仈緋匯?/P>
銆銆浣跨敤Ioc甯︽潵鐨勪唬浠鋒槸錛氶渶瑕佸湪瀹㈡埛绔垨鍏跺畠鏌愬榪涜B鍜孋涔嬮棿鑱旂郴鐨勭粍瑁呫?/P>
銆銆鎵浠ワ紝Ioc騫舵病鏈夋秷闄鍜孋涔嬮棿榪欐牱鐨勮仈緋伙紝鍙槸杞Щ浜嗚繖縐嶈仈緋匯?BR>銆銆榪欑鑱旂郴杞Щ瀹為檯涔熸槸涓縐嶅垎紱誨叧娉紝瀹冪殑褰卞搷宸ㄥぇ錛屽畠鎻愪緵浜咥OP瀹炵幇鐨勫彲鑳姐?/P>
Ioc鍜孉OP
銆銆AOP鎴戜滑宸茬粡鐭ラ亾鏄竴縐嶉潰鍚戝垏闈㈢殑緙栫▼鏂瑰紡錛岀敱浜嶪oc瑙ｆ斁鑷敱浜咮綾伙紝鑰屼笖鍙互鍚態綾誨疄鐜版敞灝凜綾誨叿浣撳疄鐜幫紝濡傛灉鎶夿綾繪兂鍍忔垚榪愯鏃剁殑妯悜鍔ㄤ綔錛屾棤鐤戞敞鍏綾誨瓙綾誨氨鏄疉OP涓殑涓縐岮dvice錛屽涓嬪浘錛?/P>
銆銆閫氳繃涓嬪垪浠ｇ爜璇存槑濡備綍浣跨敤Picocontainer瀹炵幇AOP錛岃渚嬬▼涓昏瀹炵幇鏄褰昹ogger鍔熻兘錛岄氳繃Picocontainer鍙互浣跨敤綆鍗曚竴琛岋紝浣挎墍鏈夌殑搴旂敤綾葷殑璁板綍鍔熻兘嬋媧匯?/P>
棣栧厛緙栧埗涓涓褰曟帴鍙ｏ細
public interface Logging {
銆銆public void enableLogging(Log log);
}
鏈変竴涓狶ogSwitcher綾伙紝涓昏鐢ㄦ潵嬋媧誨叿浣撳簲鐢ㄤ腑鐨勮褰曞姛鑳斤細
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
public class LogSwitcher
{
銆 protected Log m_log;
銆 public void enableLogging(Log log) {
銆銆銆銆m_log = log;
銆銆銆銆m_log.info("Logging Enabled");
銆銆}
}
涓鑸殑鏅氬簲鐢↗avaBeans閮藉彲浠ョ戶鎵胯繖涓被錛屽亣璁綪icoUserManager鏄竴涓敤鎴風鐞嗙被錛屼唬鐮佸涓嬶細
public class PicoUserManager extends LogSwitcher
{
銆銆..... //鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊鍔熻兘
}
public class PicoXXXX1Manager extends LogSwitcher
{
銆銆..... //涓氬姟鍔熻兘
}
public class PicoXXXX2Manager extends LogSwitcher
{
銆銆..... //涓氬姟鍔熻兘
}
娉ㄦ剰LogSwitcher涓璍og瀹炰緥鏄敱澶栫晫璧嬩簣鐨勶紝涔熷氨鏄鍗沖皢琚鐣屾敞灝勮繘鍏ワ紝涓嬮潰鐪嬬湅浣跨敤Picocontainer鏄浣曟敞灝凩og鐨勫叿浣撳疄渚嬬殑銆?/P>
DefaultPicoContainer container = new DefaultPicoContainer();
container.registerComponentImplementation(PicoUserManager.class);
container.registerComponentImplementation(PicoXXXX1Manager.class);
container.registerComponentImplementation(PicoXXXX2Manager.class);
.....
Logging logging = (Logging) container.getComponentMulticaster();
logging.enableLogging(new SimpleLog("pico"));//嬋媧籰og
銆銆鐢變笂浠ｇ爜鍙錛岄氳繃浣跨敤綆鍗曚竴琛宭ogging.enableLogging()鏂規硶浣挎墍鏈夌殑搴旂敤綾葷殑璁板綍鍔熻兘嬋媧匯傝繖鏄笉鏄被浼糀OP鐨刟dvice瀹炵幇錛?/P>
銆銆鎬諱箣錛屼嬌鐢↖oc妯″紡錛屽彲浠ヤ笉綆″皢鏉ュ叿浣撳疄鐜幫紝瀹屽叏鍦ㄤ竴涓娊璞″眰嬈¤繘琛屾弿榪板拰鎶鏈灦鏋勶紝鍥犳錛孖oc妯″紡鍙互涓哄鍣ㄣ佹鏋朵箣綾葷殑杞歡瀹炵幇鎻愪緵浜嗗叿浣撶殑瀹炵幇鎵嬫錛屽睘浜庢灦鏋勬妧鏈腑涓縐嶉噸瑕佺殑妯″紡搴旂敤銆?/P>
Web service宸茬粡涓嶅啀鏄柊濠氱殑濞樺瓙銆備紬澶氫紒涓氶兘宸茬粡鍒涘緩鍚勭瀹為獙鎬eb Services 欏圭洰錛屼簨瀹炶瘉鏄庯紝榪欓」鏂板叴鐨勫垎甯冨紡璁＄畻鎶鏈‘瀹炶兘澶熼檷浣庨泦鎴愬拰寮鍙戠殑鎴愭湰銆傚彟澶栵紝涓浜涘叧閿殑Web Services鏍囧噯綰風悍鍒跺畾錛屽己瀹夊叏錛坮obust security錛夊拰綆＄悊鏂歸潰鐨勪駭鍝佷篃闄嗙畫闂笘銆傚浜庡織鍚戣繙澶х殑浼佷笟鏉ヨ錛屼粬浠凡緇忓湪鑰冭檻涓嬩竴姝ヤ簡銆?/P>
瀵瑰ぇ澶氭暟鍏徃鏉ヨ錛屼笅涓姝ヨ鑰冭檻鐨勪笉鍐嶆槸鐐瑰鐐圭殑搴旂敤錛岃屾槸Web services鍦ㄤ紒涓氶棿浠ュ強涓氬姟浼欎即闂存洿涓哄騫跨殑搴旂敤銆傝繖縐嶆妧鏈殑鍙樿縼闇瑕佹洿鏉炬暎鑰﹀悎銆侀潰鍚戝熀浜庢爣鍑嗙殑鏈嶅姟鐨勬灦鏋勩傝繖鏍蜂竴涓灦鏋勮姹傚IT鍦ㄧ粍緇囦腑鐨勮鑹叉湁鏂扮殑瑙傜偣鍜岃璇嗭紝鑰屼笉浠呬粎鏄竴縐嶅疄鐜版柟娉曘傞氳繃瀵逛笟鍔＄殑鏁忔嵎鍙嶅簲錛屼紒涓氬彲浠ュ緱鍒板疄瀹炲湪鍦ㄧ殑鍥炴姤錛岃岃杈懼埌榪欎竴鐐癸紝闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堢殑瑙掕壊闈炲父鍏抽敭銆傞櫎姝や箣澶栵紝娼滃湪鐨勫洖鎶ユ洿鏄笉鍙儨鏁幫紞鍒嗗竷璁＄畻鎶鏈兘澶熶繚璇佸涓氬姟闇姹傝凍澶熺伒媧葷殑鍙嶅簲錛岃岃繖縐嶄笟鍔′笂鐨勬晱鎹鋒鏄悇鍏徃姊﹀瘣浠ユ眰鑰岀洰鍓嶈繕閬ヤ笉鍙強鐨勩?/P>
鍒嗗竷寮忚綆楀皢緗戠粶涓婂垎甯冪殑杞歡璧勬簮鐪嬩綔鏄悇縐嶆湇鍔°傞潰鍚戞湇鍔℃灦鏋勬槸涓縐嶄笉閿欑殑瑙ｅ喅鏂規銆備絾榪欑鏋舵瀯涓嶆槸浠涔堟柊鎬濇兂錛汣ORBA鍜孌COM灝卞緢綾諱技錛屼絾鏄紝榪欎簺榪囧幓鐨勯潰鍚戞湇鍔℃灦鏋勯兘鍙楀埌涓浜涢毦棰樼殑鍥版壈錛氶鍏堬紝瀹冧滑鏄揣瀵嗚﹀悎鐨勶紝榪欏氨鎰忓懗鐫濡傚垎甯冭綆楄繛鎺ョ殑涓ょ閮藉繀欏婚伒寰悓鏍稟PI鐨勭害鏉熴傛墦姣旀柟璇達紝濡傛灉涓涓狢OM瀵硅薄鐨勪唬鐮佹湁浜嗘洿鏀癸紝閭ｄ箞璁塊棶璇ュ璞＄殑浠ｇ爜涔熷繀欏諱綔鍑虹浉搴旀洿鏀廣傚叾浜岋紝榪欎簺闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯鍙楀埌鍘傚晢鐨勭害鏉熴侻icrosoft鎺у埗DCOM鑷笉蹇呰錛孋ORBA涔熷彧鏄竴涓吉瑁呯殑鏍囧噯鍖栧姫鍔涳紝浜嬪疄涓婏紝瀹炵幇涓涓狢ORBA鏋舵瀯錛岀粡甯擱兘鏄湪鏌愪釜鍘傚晢瀵硅鑼冪殑瀹炵幇涓婅繘琛屽伐浣溿?/P>
Web services鏄湪鏀硅繘DCOM鍜孋ORBA緙虹偣涓婄殑鍔姏銆備粖澶╁簲鐢╓eb services鐨勯潰鍚戞湇鍔℃灦鏋勪笌榪囧幓涓嶅悓鐨勭壒鐐瑰氨鍦ㄤ簬瀹冧滑鏄熀浜庢爣鍑嗕互鍙婃澗鏁ｈ﹀悎鐨勩傚箍娉涙帴鍙楃殑鏍囧噯錛堝XML鍜孲OAP錛夋彁渚涗簡鍦ㄥ悇涓嶅悓鍘傚晢瑙ｅ喅鏂規涔嬮棿鐨勪氦浜掓с傝屾澗鏁ｈ﹀悎灝嗗垎甯冭綆椾腑鐨勫弬涓庤呴殧紱誨紑鏉ワ紝浜や簰涓よ竟鏌愪竴鏂圭殑鏀瑰姩騫朵笉浼氬獎鍝嶅埌鍙︿竴鏂廣傝繖涓よ呯殑緇撳悎鎰忓懗鐫鍏徃鍙互瀹炵幇鏌愪簺Web services鑰屼笉鐢ㄥ浣跨敤榪欎簺Web services鐨勫鎴風鐨勭煡璇嗘湁浠諱綍浜嗚В銆傛垜浠皢榪欑鍩轟簬鏍囧噯鐨勩佹澗鏁ｈ﹀悎鐨勯潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯綆縐頒負SOA銆?/P>
SOA鐨勫己澶у拰鐏墊椿鎬у皢緇欎紒涓氬甫鏉ュ法澶х殑濂藉銆傚鏋滄煇緇勭粐灝嗗叾IT鏋舵瀯鎶借薄鍑烘潵錛屽皢鍏跺姛鑳戒互綺楃矑搴︾殑鏈嶅姟褰㈠紡琛ㄧず鍑烘潵錛屾瘡縐嶆湇鍔￠兘娓呮櫚鍦拌〃紺哄叾涓氬姟浠峰鹼紝閭ｄ箞錛岃繖浜涙湇鍔＄殑欏懼錛堝彲鑳藉湪鍏徃鍐呴儴錛屼篃鍙兘鏄叕鍙哥殑鏌愪釜涓氬姟浼欎即錛夊氨鍙互寰楀埌榪欎簺鏈嶅姟錛岃屼笉蹇呰冭檻鍏跺悗鍙板疄鐜扮殑鍏蜂綋鎶鏈傛洿榪涗竴姝ワ紝濡傛灉欏懼鑳藉鍙戠幇騫剁粦瀹氬彲鐢ㄧ殑鏈嶅姟錛岄偅涔堝湪榪欎簺鏈嶅姟鑳屽悗鐨処T緋葷粺鑳藉鎻愪緵鏇村ぇ鐨勭伒媧繪с?BR>浣嗘槸錛岃寰楀埌縐嶅己澶у拰鐏墊椿鎬э紝闇瑕佹湁涓縐嶅疄鐜版灦鏋勭殑鏂版柟娉曪紝榪欐槸涓欏硅壈宸ㄧ殑浠誨姟銆備紒涓氭灦鏋勮璁″笀蹇呴』瑕佸彉鎴愨滈潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堚濓紝涓嶄粎瑕佺悊瑙OA錛岃繕瑕佺悊瑙OA鐨勫疄璺點傚湪鏋舵瀯瀹炶返鍜屾渶鍚庡緱鍒扮殑鏋舵瀯緇撴灉涔嬮棿鐨勫尯鍒潪甯稿井濡欙紝涔熼潪甯稿叧閿傛湰鏂囧皢璁ㄨSOA鐨勫疄璺碉紝鍗籌細闈㈠悜鏋舵瀯鐨勮璁″笀鍦ㄦ瀯寤篠OA鏃跺繀欏昏鍋氱殑浜嬫儏銆?/P>
SOA鐨勫師鍒?/B>
SOA鏄竴縐嶄紒涓氭灦鏋勶紝鍥犳錛屽畠鏄粠浼佷笟鐨勯渶姹傚紑濮嬬殑銆備絾鏄紝SOA鍜屽叾瀹冧紒涓氭灦鏋勬柟娉曠殑涓嶅悓涔嬪鍦ㄤ簬SOA鎻愪緵鐨勪笟鍔℃晱鎹鋒с備笟鍔℃晱鎹鋒ф槸鎸囦紒涓氬鍙樻洿蹇熷拰鏈夋晥鍦拌繘琛屽搷搴斻佸茍涓斿埄鐢ㄥ彉鏇存潵寰楀埌绔炰簤浼樺娍鐨勮兘鍔涖傚鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堟潵璇達紝鍒涘緩涓涓笟鍔℃晱鎹風殑鏋舵瀯鎰忓懗鐫鍒涘緩榪欐牱涓涓狪T鏋舵瀯錛屽畠鍙互婊¤凍褰撳墠榪樻湭鐭ョ殑涓氬姟闇姹傘?/P>
瑕佹弧瓚寵繖縐嶄笟鍔℃晱鎹鋒э紝SOA鐨勫疄璺靛繀欏婚伒寰互涓嬪師鍒欙細
* 涓氬姟椹卞姩鏈嶅姟錛屾湇鍔￠┍鍔ㄦ妧鏈?/P>
浠庢湰璐ㄤ笂璇達紝鍦ㄦ娊璞″眰嬈′笂錛屾湇鍔′綅浜庝笟鍔″拰鎶鏈腑闂淬傞潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堜竴鏂歸潰蹇呴』鐞嗚В鍦ㄤ笟鍔￠渶姹傚拰鍙互鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍔′箣闂寸殑鍔ㄦ佸叧緋伙紝鍙︿竴鏂歸潰錛屽悓鏍瘋鐞嗚В鏈嶅姟涓庢彁渚涜繖浜涙湇鍔＄殑搴曞眰鎶鏈箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴銆?/P>
* 涓氬姟鏁忔嵎鏄熀鏈殑涓氬姟闇姹?/P>
SOA鑰冭檻鐨勬槸涓嬩竴涓娊璞″眰嬈★細鎻愪緵鍝嶅簲鍙樺寲闇姹傜殑鑳藉姏鏄柊鐨勨滃厓闇姹傗濓紝鑰屼笉鏄鐞嗕竴浜涗笟鍔′笂鐨勫浐瀹氫笉鍙樼殑闇姹傘備粠紜歡緋葷粺鑰屼笂鐨勬暣涓灦鏋勯兘蹇呴』婊¤凍涓氬姟鏁忔嵎鐨勯渶姹傦紝鍥犱負錛屽湪SOA涓換浣曠殑鐡墮閮戒細褰卞搷鍒版暣涓狪T鐜鐨勭伒媧繪с?/P>
* 涓涓垚鍔熺殑SOA鎬誨湪鍙樺寲涔嬩腑
SOA宸ヤ綔鐨勫満鏅紝鏇磋薄鏄竴涓椿鐨勭敓鐗╀綋錛岃屼笉鏄薄浼犵粺鎵璇寸殑鈥滅洊涓鏍嬫埧瀛愨濄侷T鐜鍞竴涓嶅彉鐨勫氨鏄彉鍖栵紝鍥犳闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堢殑宸ヤ綔姘歌繙涓嶄細緇撴潫銆傚浜庝範鎯簬鐩栨埧瀛愮殑璁捐甯堟潵璇達紝瑕佽漿鍚戣璁′竴涓椿鐨勭敓鐗╀綋瑕佹眰宕柊鐨勬濈淮鏂瑰紡銆傚涓嬫枃鎵鍐欑殑錛孲OA鐨勫熀紜榪樻槸涓浜涚被浼肩殑鏋舵瀯鍑嗗垯銆?/P>
SOA鍩虹
鍦↖T琛屼笟鏈変袱涓秺鏉ヨ秺鏅亶鐨勫彂灞曟柟鍚戯紝涓涓槸鏋舵瀯鏂歸潰鐨勶紝涓涓槸鏂規硶瀛︽柟闈㈢殑錛岄潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堝彲浠ヤ粠涓湁鎵鏀惰幏銆傜涓涓氨鏄疢DA錛堟ā鍨嬮┍鍔ㄦ灦鏋勶級錛岀敱鎻愬嚭CORBA鐨凮MG妯″瀷鎻愬嚭銆侻DA璁や負鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堥鍏堣瀵瑰緟鍒涘緩鐨勭郴緇熸湁涓涓艦寮忓寲鐨刄ML錛堜篃鏄敱OMG鎻愬嚭錛夌殑妯″瀷銆侻DA棣栧厛緇欏嚭涓涓鉤鍙版棤鍏崇殑妯″瀷鏉ヨ〃紺虹郴緇熺殑鍔熻兘闇姹傚拰use cases錛屾牴鎹郴緇熸惌寤虹殑騫沖彴錛屾灦鏋勮璁″笀鍙互鐢辮繖涓鉤鍙版棤鍏崇殑妯″瀷寰楀埌騫沖彴鐩稿叧鐨勬ā鍨嬶紝榪欎簺騫沖彴鐩稿叧妯″瀷瓚沖璇︾粏錛屼互鑷充簬鍙互鐢ㄦ潵鐩存帴鐢熸垚闇瑕佺殑浠ｇ爜銆?/P>
MDA鐨勬牳蹇冨氨鍦ㄤ簬鍦ㄨ璁￠樁孌電郴緇熷氨宸茬粡瀹屽叏鎻忚堪錛岃繖鏍鳳紝鍦ㄥ垱寤虹郴緇熺殑鏃跺欙紝鍑犱箮灝辨病鏈夐敊璇В閲婄殑鍙兘錛屾ā鍨嬩篃灝卞彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ敓鎴愪唬鐮併備絾MDA鏈変竴浜涘眬闄愭э細棣栧厛錛孧DA鍋囪鍦ㄥ垱寤烘ā鍨嬩箣鍓嶏紝涓氬姟闇姹傚凡緇忓叏閮ㄦ弿榪幫紝鑰岃繖涓鐐癸紝鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶅吀鍨嬬殑鍔ㄦ佷笟鍔＄幆澧冧腑鍑犱箮鏄笉鍙兘鐨勩傜浜岋紝MDA娌℃湁涓涓弽棣堟満鍒躲傚鏋滃紑鍙戜漢鍛樺妯″瀷鏈夐渶瑕佹敼鍔ㄧ殑鍦版柟錛屽茍娌℃湁鎻愪緵緇欎粬浠繖涔堜竴涓斿緞銆?/P>
SOA鐨勫彟涓涓熀紜鏄晱鎹鋒柟娉曪紙AM錛夛紝鍏朵腑闈炲父鏈夊悕鐨勬柟娉曟槸鏋侀檺緙栫▼錛圶P錛夈傝薄XP榪欐牱鐨凙M鎻愪緵浜嗗湪闇姹傛湭鐭ユ垨鑰呭鍙樼殑鐜涓垱寤鴻蔣浠剁郴緇熺殑榪囩▼銆俋P瑕佹眰鍦ㄥ紑鍙戝洟闃熶腑瑕佹湁涓涓敤鎴蜂唬琛紝浠栧府鍔╀功鍐欐祴璇曟潵鎸囧寮鍙戜漢鍛樼殑鏃ュ父宸ヤ綔銆傚紑鍙戝洟闃熶腑鐨勬墍鏈夋垚鍛橀兘鍙備笌鍒拌璁′箣涓紝騫朵笖璁捐瑕佸敖閲忓皬騫朵笖闈炲艦寮忓寲銆侫M鐨勭洰鏍囨槸浠呬粎鍒涘緩鐢ㄦ埛鎯寵鐨勶紝鑰屼笉鏄湪涓浜涘艦寮忓寲妯″瀷涓婅楄垂宸ヤ綔閲忋侫M鐨勬牳蹇冩濇兂灝卞湪浜庡叾鏁忔嵎鎬э紞澶勭悊闇姹傚彉鏇寸殑鏁忔嵎鎬с侫M鐨勪富瑕佸急鐐規槸鍏惰妯′笂鐨勯檺鍒訛紝渚嬪錛孹P鍦ㄤ竴涓皬鍥㈤槦鍜屼腑鍨嬮」鐩腑鏁堟灉涓嶉敊錛屼絾鏄綋欏圭洰瑙勬ā澧炲ぇ鏃訛紝濡傛灉娌℃湁涓涓竴鑷寸殑娓呮櫚鐨勮鍒掞紝欏圭洰鎴愬憳寰堥毦鎶婃彙欏圭洰涓殑鏂規柟闈㈤潰銆?/P>
浠庤〃闈㈢湅鏉ワ紝MDA鍜孉M浼間箮鏄浉瀵圭珛鐨勶紞MDA鍋囧畾闇姹傛槸鍥哄畾鐨勶紝鑰孉M鎭版伆鐩稿弽銆侻DA鐨勪腑蹇冩槸褰㈠紡鍖栫殑妯″瀷錛岃孉M鎭版伆瑕侀伩寮瀹冧滑銆備絾鏄紝鎴戜滑榪樻槸鍐沖畾鍐掗櫓鎶婅繖浜涗笉鍚屾柟娉曚腑鐨勪竴浜涘厓绱犳彁鍙栧嚭鏉ワ紝鏀懼叆鍒頒竴涓竴鑷寸殑鏋舵瀯瀹炶返涓?/P>
鍦⊿OA涓湁涓変釜鎶借薄灞傛錛屾寜鐓OA鐨勭涓鏉″噯鍒欙細涓氬姟椹卞姩鏈嶅姟銆佹湇鍔￠┍鍔ㄦ妧鏈侫M灝嗕笟鍔℃ā鍨嬬洿鎺ュ拰瀹炶返榪炴帴璧鋒潵錛岃〃鐜板湪騫沖彴鐩稿叧鐨勬ā鍨嬩箣涓侻DA騫舵病鏈夋妸涓氬姟妯″瀷鍜屽鉤鍙版棤鍏蟲ā鍨嬪垎寮鏉ワ紝鑰屾槸鎶婂鉤鍙版棤鍏蟲ā鍨嬪仛涓鴻搗鐐廣係OA蹇呴』榪炴帴榪欎簺妯″瀷錛屾垨鑰呰鎶借薄灞傛錛屽緱鍒板崟涓鐨勬灦鏋勬柟娉曘傛垜浠皢浠庝簲涓鍥劇殑鏋舵瀯瀹炵幇鏂規硶鏉ュ疄鐜拌繖涓繛鎺ャ?/P>
SOA鐨勪簲瑙嗗浘瀹炵幇鏂規硶
浼佷笟鏋舵瀯璁捐甯堝彂鐜頒粬浠殑鑱屼笟闈炲父鏈夌珵浜夊姏騫朵笖鍊煎緱楠勫偛錛屽洜涓轟粬浠浠庡緢澶氭柟闈㈡潵閫氱洏鑰冭檻IT緋葷粺銆侹ruchten錛圧UP鐨勫紑鍙戣礋璐ｄ漢錛夊皢榪欎簺鏂歸潰鎻愬彇鍑烘潵錛屽湪搴旂敤鍒癝OA鏃訛紝鎴戜滑縐頒負浜旇鍥懼疄鐜版柟娉曪紙five-view approach錛夈?/P>
鍥涗釜鏂規琛ㄧず瀵逛竴涓灦鏋勭殑涓嶅悓瀹¤鏂規硶錛屽垎鍒唬琛ㄤ笉鍚岀殑娑変紬錛坰takeholder錛夈傚紵浜斾釜瑙嗗浘錛寀se-case瑙嗗浘娑電洊浜嗗叾瀹冭鍥撅紝鍦ㄦ灦鏋勪腑鎵紨鐨勬槸涓涓壒孌婄殑瑙掕壊銆傞儴緗茶鍥懼皢杞歡鏄犲皠鍒板簳灞傚鉤鍙板拰鐩稿叧紜歡涓婏紝鏄郴緇熼儴緗蹭漢鍛樺鏋舵瀯鐨勮鍥撅紱瀹炵幇瑙嗗浘鎻忚堪浜嗚蔣浠朵唬鐮佺殑緇勭粐錛屾槸浠庡紑鍙戜漢鍛樿搴﹀嚭鍙戠殑瑙嗗浘錛涗笟鍔″垎鏋愪漢鍛樺垯鍒╃敤榪囩▼瑙嗗浘榪涜宸ヤ綔錛屽畠鎻忚堪鐨勬槸杞歡緋葷粺鐨勮繍琛屾椂鐗規с傛渶鍚庯紝閫昏緫瑙嗗浘琛ㄧず鐨勬槸鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫姛鑳介渶姹傘傚湪SOA涓紝闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鐨勬灦鏋勫繀欏昏兘澶熶互use-case瑙嗗浘涓殑鐢ㄤ緥灝嗙敤鎴瘋繛鎺ュ埌鏈嶅姟錛屽皢鏈嶅姟榪炴帴鍒板簳灞傜殑鎶鏈?/P>
涓轟簡琛ㄧず闈㈠悜瀵硅薄鐨勬灦鏋勬槸濡備綍宸ヤ綔鍦ㄨ繖浜涜鍥句箣涓婏紝璁╂垜浠皢浠栦滑緗簬SOA鍏冩ā鍨嬬殑涓婁笅鏂囦箣涓係OA涓袱涓鍩熷瓨鍦ㄩ噸鍙狅細鐢變笟鍔℃ā鍨嬪拰鏈嶅姟妯″瀷琛ㄧず鐨勪笟鍔￠鍩熷拰鐢辨湇鍔℃ā鍨嬪強騫沖彴鐩稿叧妯″瀷琛ㄧず鐨勬妧鏈鍩燂紙涓や釜棰嗗煙鍏變韓鏈嶅姟妯″瀷錛夈備笟鍔＄敤鎴烽氳繃閫昏緫瑙嗗浘鍜岃繃紼嬭鍥懼鐞嗙矖綺掑害鐨勪笟鍔℃湇鍔★紝鏍規嵁鍙樺寲鐨勪笟鍔￠渶姹傦紝鎸夌収闇瑕佸皢瀹冧滑瀹夋帓鍦ㄨ繃紼嬩箣涓傚彟涓鏂歸潰錛屾妧鏈笓瀹剁殑宸ヤ綔鏄垱寤哄茍緇存姢鏈嶅姟鍜屽湴灞傛妧鏈箣闂寸殑鎶借薄灞傘傝〃紺鴻繖浜涙湇鍔＄殑涓棿妯″瀷錛岃搗鍒扮殑鏄醬蹇冪殑浣滅敤錛屼笟鍔′互瀹冧負涓績榪涜銆?/P>
SOA鍏冩ā鍨嬩粠MDA涓戶鎵垮鉤鍙版棤鍏蟲ā鍨嬪拰騫沖彴鐩稿叧妯″瀷錛屼絾鏄坊鍔犱簡AM鍜岀敤鎴蜂氦浜掍互鍙婃晱鎹風殑鍙嶉榪欎袱閮ㄥ垎錛屽悗鑰呴氳繃妞渾涔嬮棿鐨勫弻鍚戠澶存潵琛ㄧ幇銆傜被浼煎湴錛屽厓妯″瀷閫氳繃寮曞叆鐢變腑蹇冪殑鏈嶅姟妯″瀷鎻愪緵鐨勪腑闂村眰鎶借薄瑙ｅ喅浜咥M鍦ㄤ幾緙╂ф柟闈㈢殑闂銆傝繖鏍鳳紝鏈嶅姟妯″瀷涓殑浠諱綍闇姹傜殑鍙樺寲錛岄兘浼氬弽鏄犲埌鐢ㄦ埛姣忓ぉ鐨勪笟鍔″鐞嗕腑銆傚悓鏍鳳紝鐢變簬搴曞眰鎶鏈槸妯″瀷椹卞姩鐨勶紝鎶鏈笓瀹朵篃鍙互鏍規嵁榪欎簺鍙樺寲鐨勯渶姹傝繀閫熻屾湁鏁堝湴浣滃嚭搴斿彉銆?/P>
SOA瀹炶返鍜岃繃鍘昏В鍐充紒涓氭灦鏋勪紶緇熸柟寮忕殑涓嶅悓涔嬪灝卞湪浜庡叾瀵規晱鎹鋒х殑鏀寔銆傚鍓嶆墍璇達紝SOA鐨勭涓夋潯鍘熷垯灝卞湪浜庡畠鎬誨湪鍙樺寲涔嬩腑銆傝繖縐嶆亽鍦ㄧ殑鍙樺寲鎬х幆澧冩槸SOA瀹炶返鐨勫熀鐭熾傚鍥炬墍紺猴紝娑変紬錛坰takeholders錛岃瘧鑰呮敞錛歊UP涓篃鏈夎繖涓瘝錛岃〃紺鴻蔣浠跺紑鍙戜腑娑夊強鍒扮殑鍚勭瑙掕壊濡傦細鐢ㄦ埛銆佽璁′漢鍛樸佸紑鍙戜漢鍛樹箖鑷蟲祴璇曚漢鍛樼瓑絳夈傦級鍦ㄤ竴涓繀闇鐨勫熀紜涓婂獎鍝嶅埌鏁翠釜鏋舵瀯鐨勫彉鍖栥傚湪褰撴妧鏈笓瀹跺湪姣忓ぉ鐨勬棩甯稿伐浣滀腑涓嶆柇瀵瑰彉鍖栫殑涓氬姟闇姹備綔鍑哄搷搴旂殑榪欑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝璁捐闃舵鍜岃繍琛岄樁孌典箣闂寸殑鐣岄檺鍙樺緱妯＄硦璧鋒潵錛屽緢闅炬竻鏅板湴鍒嗙榪欎袱涓樁孌點?/P>
鍓╀笅鐨勯儴鍒?/B>
鎴戜滑宸茬粡涓洪潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓珮灞傛鐨勬鏋訛紝鍏朵腑MDA鍜孉M鐨勫厓绱犲府鍔╁伐鍏風殑浣跨敤鑰呮潵鍒涘緩鍜岀淮鎶OA銆備絾鏄紝SOA涓繕緙哄皯涓浜涘唴瀹癸紞閭ｅ氨鏄蔣浠跺紑鍙戝晢鍜屼笓涓氱殑鏈嶅姟緇勭粐蹇呴渶鎻愪緵鐨勩傜悊鎯蟲儏鍐典笅錛屽紑鍙戝晢蹇呴渶鎻愪緵闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鐨勪笟鍔℃祦紼嬨佸伐浣滄祦浠ュ強鏈嶅姟鐨勫崗璋冨伐鍏峰拰鏈嶅姟錛涘彟澶栵紝鑳藉浠ヤ竴縐嶆晱鎹風殑銆佸鉤鍙版棤鍏崇殑鏂瑰紡鍏呭垎鍙嶆槧涓氬姟鏈嶅姟鐨勫緩妯″伐鍏蜂篃鏄繀欏葷殑錛涙妧鏈笓瀹跺繀欏婚厤澶囧彲浠ヤ粠妯″瀷涓嚜鍔ㄧ敓鎴愪唬鐮侊紝騫跺湪浠ｇ爜鍙樺寲鏃舵洿鏂版ā鍨嬬殑宸ュ叿錛屾渶鍚庯紝寮鍙戝晢蹇呴』鎻愪緵鏀寔SOA鐨勮蔣浠訛紝甯姪闈㈠悜鏈嶅姟鐨勬灦鏋勮璁″笀浠ヤ竴縐嶅彲淇″茍涓斿彲浼哥緝鐨勬柟寮忓垱寤轟綅浜庢湇鍔″拰搴曞眰鎶鏈箣闂寸殑鎶借薄灞傛銆傚垢榪愮殑鏄紝榪欐柟闈㈢殑浜у搧鍗沖皢涓婂競銆?/P>
鍙﹀錛屾渶閲嶈鐨勫氨鏄瘡絀挎湰鏂囩殑鑷《鑰屼笅鐨凷OA瀹炵幇鏂規硶浜嗐備粖澶╁叧浜嶹eb services鐨勫ぇ閮ㄥ垎鎬濊冮兘鏄嚜搴曡屼笂鐨勶細鈥滆繖鏄浣曞垱寤篧eb services鐨勬柟娉曪紝鐜板湪錛屾垜浠潵浣跨敤瀹冧滑闆嗘垚鍚р濓紝瀵筗eb services鎶鏈殑榪欑鏂規硶鏄紵澶х殑絎竴姝ワ紝鍥犱負瀹冨彲浠ユ儕浜哄湴闄嶄綆闆嗘垚鐨勫紑閿錛岃繖鏄幇鍦ㄧ殑鎶鏈鐞嗕漢鍛樻渶涔愭剰瑙佸埌鐨勪簡銆備絾褰撶粡嫻庤繘涓姝ュ彂灞曪紝IT璧板嚭浣庤胺錛屼紒涓氫細瀵繪眰IT鐨勫府鍔╂潵鎻愰珮緇勭粐鎴樼暐鎰忎箟涓婄殑鏍稿績浠峰箋備嬌鐢ㄩ潰鍚戞湇鍔＄殑鏋舵瀯錛孖T鍙互鎻愪緵緇欎紒涓氬疄鐜頒笟鍔℃晱鎹鋒х殑榪欐牱涓涓鏋躲?/P>