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Thomas — Mon, 04 Dec 2006 14:17:00 GMT

What's SQLObject?
SQLObject is a popular Object Relational Manager for providing an object interface to your database, with tables as classes, rows as instances, and columns as attributes.
I think the explanation is simple and enough, so let's start!

一.定义�c?br />1.�q�接标识�W?
scheme://[user[:password]@]host[:port]/database[?parameters]
其中scheme是sqlite, mysql, postgres, firebird, interbase, maxdb, sapdb, mssql, sybase其中之一�Q?br />�C�Z��Q?br />mysql://user:passwd@host/database
mysql://host/database?debug=1
postgres://user@host/database?debug=&cache=
postgres://host:5432/database
sqlite:///full/path/to/database
sqlite:/C|/full/path/to/database
sqlite:/:memory:
可选的参数�Q?br />debug (默认��gؓ(f��)False), debugOutput (默认��gؓ(f��)False), cache (默认��gؓ(f��)True), autoCommit (默认��gؓ(f��)True), debugThreading (默认��gؓ(f��)False).
如果你想传递一个True值到一个连接标识符中，那么只需传递一个非�I�字�W�串��可以了(ji��n)�Q�空字符串则表示False倹{�?br />2.建立一个连�?/p>

1 db_filename (t��ng) = (t��ng)os.path.abspath( ' data.db ' )
2 if (t��ng)os.path.exists(db_filename):
3 (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)os.unlink(db_filename)
4 connection_string (t��ng) = (t��ng) ' sqlite: ' (t��ng) + (t��ng)db_filename
5 connection (t��ng) = (t��ng)connectionForURI(connection_string)
6 sqlhub.processConnection (t��ng) = (t��ng)connection

3.生成一个简单的“地址薄”数据库�Q�我们定义如下类�Q?br />

1class (t��ng)Person(SQLObject):
2 (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)firstName (t��ng)= (t��ng)StringCol()
3 (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)middleInitial (t��ng)= (t��ng)StringCol(length=1, (t��ng)default=None)
4 (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)lastName (t��ng)= (t��ng)StringCol()

�q�个�c�d��应的数据库Scheme如下�Q?br />

CREATE (t��ng)TABLE (t��ng)person (t��ng)(
(t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)id (t��ng)INT (t��ng)PRIMARY (t��ng)KEY (t��ng)AUTO_INCREMENT,
(t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)first_name (t��ng)TEXT,
(t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)middle_initial (t��ng)CHAR(1),
(t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng)last_name (t��ng)TEXT
);

4.创徏数据库表
很简单，��׃��句：(x��)

Person.createTable()

5.更多
�C�Z��中firstName列�ؓ(f��)StringCol�c�d��Q�当然你也可以换成其它类型。具体可参照�Q?br />http://www.sqlobject.org/SQLObject.html#column-types
你或许已�l�注意到�?ji��n)在�c�M��q�没有定义id列，它是隐式的。在MySQL中，它被定义成INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT�Q�在Postgres中是SERIAL PRIMARY KEY�Q�而在SQLite中则是INTEGER PRIMARY KEY。你必须把这些值当作是不可变的。当�?d��ng)��你也可以覆盖“id”这个名字�?br />
�?使用�q�个�c?br />1.有了(ji��n)�c�，下面你需要做的就是创��Z��个新的对象（��x(ch��ng)��的一行）(j��)�Q�类实例化如下：(x��)

>>> (t��ng)Person(firstName="John", (t��ng)lastName="Doe")
<Person (t��ng)1 (t��ng)firstName='John' (t��ng)middleInitial=None (t��ng)lastName='Doe'>

2.你可以用get()�Ҏ(gu��)��取出已经存在的某行：(x��)

>>> (t��ng)Person.get(1)
<Person (t��ng)1 (t��ng)firstName='John' (t��ng)middleInitial=None (t��ng)lastName='Doe'>

3.�q�是一个略长些的例子：(x��)

>>> (t��ng)p (t��ng)= (t��ng)Person.get(1)
>>> (t��ng)p
<Person (t��ng)1 (t��ng)firstName='John' (t��ng)middleInitial=None (t��ng)lastName='Doe'>
>>> (t��ng)p.firstName
'John'
>>> (t��ng)p.middleInitial (t��ng)= (t��ng)'Q'
>>> (t��ng)p.middleInitial
'Q'
>>> (t��ng)p2 (t��ng)= (t��ng)Person.get(1)
>>> (t��ng)p2
<Person (t��ng)1 (t��ng)firstName='John' (t��ng)middleInitial='Q' (t��ng)lastName='Doe'>
>>> (t��ng)p (t��ng)is (t��ng)p2
True

4.在这里，列被当作属性来讉K��。上�q�C��码的“背后”又发生�?ji��n)什么呢�Q�你可以在连接标识符中添�?debug=t�Q�这��P��在控制台中将打印��Z��面类似结果：(x��)

>>> (t��ng)# (t��ng)This (t��ng)will (t��ng)make (t��ng)SQLObject (t��ng)print (t��ng)out (t��ng)the (t��ng)SQL (t��ng)it (t��ng)executes:
>>> (t��ng)Person._connection.debug (t��ng)= (t��ng)True
>>> (t��ng)p (t��ng)= (t��ng)Person(firstName='Bob', (t��ng)lastName='Hope')
(t��ng)1/QueryIns: (t��ng) (t��ng)I(y��ng)NSERT (t��ng)I(y��ng)NTO (t��ng)person (t��ng)(last_name, (t��ng)middle_initial, (t��ng)first_name) (t��ng)VALUES (t��ng)('Hope', (t��ng)

NULL, (t��ng)'Bob')
(t��ng)1/COMMIT (t��ng) (t��ng): (t��ng) (t��ng)auto
(t��ng)1/QueryOne: (t��ng) (t��ng)SELECT (t��ng)first_name, (t��ng)middle_initial, (t��ng)last_name (t��ng)FROM (t��ng)person (t��ng)WHERE (t��ng)id (t��ng)= (t��ng)2
(t��ng)1/COMMIT (t��ng) (t��ng): (t��ng) (t��ng)auto
>>> (t��ng)p
<Person (t��ng)2 (t��ng)firstName='Bob' (t��ng)middleInitial=None (t��ng)lastName='Hope'>
>>> (t��ng)p.middleInitial (t��ng)= (t��ng)'Q'
(t��ng)1/Query (t��ng) (t��ng) (t��ng): (t��ng) (t��ng)UPDATE (t��ng)person (t��ng)SET (t��ng)middle_initial (t��ng)= (t��ng)'Q' (t��ng)WHERE (t��ng)id (t��ng)= (t��ng)2
(t��ng)1/COMMIT (t��ng) (t��ng): (t��ng) (t��ng)auto
>>> (t��ng)p2 (t��ng)= (t��ng)Person.get(1)
>>> (t��ng)# (t��ng)Note: (t��ng)no (t��ng)database (t��ng)access, (t��ng)since (t��ng)we're (t��ng)just (t��ng)grabbing (t��ng)the (t��ng)same
>>> (t��ng)# (t��ng)instance (t��ng)we (t��ng)already (t��ng)had.

上述代码�Q�可以清晰地看出“后台”所做的事情�?br />5.作�ؓ(f��)一个小��的优化�Q�你可以��独立地指定每个属性��|��换成一�ơ指定多个��|��使用set�Ҏ(gu��)��Q?br />

p.set(firstName='Robert', (t��ng)lastName='Hope (t��ng)Jr.')

�Q�未完待�l�）(j��)

参考资料：(x��)http://www.sqlobject.org/SQLObject.html

Thomas 2006-12-04 22:17 发表评论

Thomas — Sun, 19 Nov 2006 11:25:00 GMT

癑ֺ��I�间上的背景音乐时不时会(x��)更新下，每次都是通过FlashFXP上传的。又是登录，又是选择目录的，着实麻�?ch��)。于是写�?ji��n)这个小工具�?br> 开发环境：(x��)Eclipse3.2+Pydev+Python2.4
技术上�Q�没有太多的新意�Q�几乎就�?strong>ftplib的基��应用。在开发方式上�Q�通过�?#8220;�?#8221;的测试Demo�Q�抽取出“�z?#8221;的部分。整个�P代过�E�，比较自然。思�\�?x��)随着写的�q�程�Q�逐渐清晰。一些在设计之初没考虑到的�l�节部分�Q�也�?x��)中途逐渐昄��?br> 主要功能有三个。list�Q�显�C�ftp站点某目录的内容�Q�download�Q�下载文件到指定目录下；upload�Q�上传文件到指定目录下�?br> �q�是看代码，比较��单。一定程度上�Q�考虑��C��(ji��n)�E�序的可扩展性�?br>conf/config.xml:

1 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2 < configuration >
3 < host > 10.0.0.1 host >
4 < user > username user >
5 < password > password password >
6 configuration >

modules/parseConf.py:

1 #    Programmer:     qixiang
2 #    E-mail:         mail2qixiang AT gmail DOT com
3 #
4 #    Copyleft 2006 qixiang
5 #
6 #    modules/parseConf.py 2006-11-19 03:56:15 qixiang
7
8 def getNodeValue(filename, nodename):
9      from xml.dom import minidom
10     xmldoc = minidom.parse(filename)
11     nodeValue = xmldoc.getElementsByTagName(nodename)[0].firstChild.data
12      return nodeValue

modules/handleFTP.py:

1 #    Programmer:     qixiang
2 #    E-mail:         mail2qixiang AT gmail DOT com
3 #
4 #    Copyleft 2006 qixiang
5 #
6 #    modules/handleFTP.py 2006-11-19 04:04:25 qixiang
7
8 from ftplib import FTP
9 def login(host, user, password):
10      try :
11         ftp = FTP(host)
12          # print 'connect successfully'
13          try :
14             ftp.login(user = user, passwd = password)
15              # print 'login successfully'
16              return ftp
17          except :
18              print ' incorrect user or password '
19      except :
20          print ' unconnected host '
21
22 def list(ftp, ftpDirectory):
23      try :
24         ftp.cwd(ftpDirectory)
25         ftp.retrlines( ' LIST ' )
26         ftp.close()
27      except :
28          print ' incorrect directory '
29
30 def upload(ftp, remoteFile, localFile):
31      try :
32         ftp.storlines( ' STOR ' + remoteFile, open(localFile))
33          print ' upload successfully '
34          print
35         ftp.retrlines( ' LIST ' )
36         ftp.close()
37      except :
38          print ' incorrect remoteFile or localFile '
39
40 def download(ftp, remoteFile, localFile):
41      try :
42         ftp.retrlines( ' RETR ' + remoteFile, open(localFile, " w " ).write)
43          print ' download successfully '
44          print
45         ftp.retrlines( ' LIST ' )
46         ftp.close()
47      except :
48          print ' incorrect remoteFile or localFile '

ftp.py :

1 #    Programmer:     qixiang
2 #    E-mail:         mail2qixiang AT gmail DOT com
3 #
4 #    Copyleft 2006 qixiang
5 #
6 #    ftp.py 2006-11-19 04:04:54 qixiang
7
8 import sys
9 from modules.parseConf import getNodeValue
10 from modules.handleFTP import login, list, upload, download
11
12 configFile = ' conf/config.xml '
13 flag = sys.argv[ 1 ]
14 ftp = login(getNodeValue(configFile, ' host ' ), getNodeValue(configFile, ' user ' ), getNodeValue(configFile, ' password ' ))
15
16 if flag == ' list ' :
17     list(ftp, sys.argv[ 2 ])
18 if flag == ' upload ' :
19     upload(ftp, sys.argv[ 2 ], sys.argv[ 3 ])
20 if flag == ' download ' :
21     download(ftp, sys.argv[ 2 ], sys.argv[ 3 ])

命��o(h��)行下�q�行�Q?br> 1. list
  python ftp.py list ftp目录�?br> eg. python ftp.py list music

2. upload
python ftp.py upload 上传所要保存的ftp目录文�g�?nbsp;待上传的本地文�g
eg. python ftp.py upload music\remote.xml c:\local.xml

3. download
python ftp.py download 待下载的�q�程文�g 下蝲所要保存的本地目录文�g�?br>  eg. python ftp.py download music\remote.xml c:\local.xml

  我个人是��实现upload功能的命令，保存成一个批处理文�g。需要的时候，�q�行下就O(ji��n)K�?ji��n)�?br>upload.bat:

d:
cd java/eclipse/workspace/ftp
python ftp.py upload music\mp3player.xml f:\website\music\mp3player.xml

功能比较单一�Q�还有许多欠考虑的地斏V��例如对上传文�g�c�d��的判断，对上传、下载文件所在目录存在与否的判断�Q�等�{��?br> ��的东西�Q�如果深�IӞ��也蛮有意思�?br>
ps: �E�序目录�?strong>copyleft部分借鉴�?strong>limodou�?strong>Ulipad�Q�在此表感谢�?nbsp;

Thomas 2006-11-19 19:25 发表评论