The TimeCategory provides an even Groovier way to work
with durations. We can use constructs like 7.days + 12.minutes to
create a duration. When we read this code it is just like reading
English text. Here is some sample code:
import groovy.time.*
import org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.TimeCategory
// Define period of 2 years, 3 months, 15 days, 0 hours, 23 minutes, 2 seconds and 0 milliseconds.
def period = new DatumDependentDuration(2, 3, 15, 0, 23, 2, 0)
assert '2 years, 3 months, 15 days, 23 minutes, 2.000 seconds' == period.toString()
def year2000 = new Date(100, 0, 0) // Jan 1, 2000
assert 'Mon Apr 15 00:23:02 UTC 2002' == (period + year2000).toString()
// Define time period of 5 hours, 54 minutes and 30 milliseconds.
def time = new TimeDuration(5, 54, 0, 30)
assert '5 hours, 54 minutes, 0.030 seconds' == time.toString()
use (TimeCategory) {
assert period.toString() == (2.years + 3.months + 15.days + 0.hour + 23.minutes + 2.seconds).toString()
assert time.toString() == (5.hours + 54.minutes + 30.milliseconds).toString()
// We can use period.from.now syntax.
def d1 = 1.week - 1.day
def d2 = new Date() + 6.days
assert d2.format('yyyy-MM-dd') == d1.from.now.toString()
// We can use period.ago syntax.
def d3 = 3.days.ago
def d4 = new Date() - 3
assert d4.format('yyyy-MM-dd') == d3.toString()
}
import org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.TimeCategory
// Define period of 2 years, 3 months, 15 days, 0 hours, 23 minutes, 2 seconds and 0 milliseconds.
def period = new DatumDependentDuration(2, 3, 15, 0, 23, 2, 0)
assert '2 years, 3 months, 15 days, 23 minutes, 2.000 seconds' == period.toString()
def year2000 = new Date(100, 0, 0) // Jan 1, 2000
assert 'Mon Apr 15 00:23:02 UTC 2002' == (period + year2000).toString()
// Define time period of 5 hours, 54 minutes and 30 milliseconds.
def time = new TimeDuration(5, 54, 0, 30)
assert '5 hours, 54 minutes, 0.030 seconds' == time.toString()
use (TimeCategory) {
assert period.toString() == (2.years + 3.months + 15.days + 0.hour + 23.minutes + 2.seconds).toString()
assert time.toString() == (5.hours + 54.minutes + 30.milliseconds).toString()
// We can use period.from.now syntax.
def d1 = 1.week - 1.day
def d2 = new Date() + 6.days
assert d2.format('yyyy-MM-dd') == d1.from.now.toString()
// We can use period.ago syntax.
def d3 = 3.days.ago
def d4 = new Date() - 3
assert d4.format('yyyy-MM-dd') == d3.toString()
}
]]>
// Assign and declare variables.
def (username, email) = ['mrhaki', 'email@host.com']
assert 'mrhaki' == username
assert 'email@host.com' == email
// We can assign later than the definition of the variables.
int housenr
String streetname
(streetname, housenr) = ['Old Street', 42]
assert 42 == housenr
assert 'Old Street' == streetname
// Return value of method can be assigned to multiple variables.
def iAmHere() {
[29.20090, 12.90391]
}
def (coordX, coordY) = iAmHere()
assert coordX == 29.20090
assert coordY == 12.90391
// More values than variables: extra values are ignored.
def (a, b, c) = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
assert 'a' == a
assert 'b' == b
assert 'c' == c
// Less values than variables: variable is not set.
def (x, y, z) = [100, 200]
assert 100 == x
assert 200 == y
assert !z
def (username, email) = ['mrhaki', 'email@host.com']
assert 'mrhaki' == username
assert 'email@host.com' == email
// We can assign later than the definition of the variables.
int housenr
String streetname
(streetname, housenr) = ['Old Street', 42]
assert 42 == housenr
assert 'Old Street' == streetname
// Return value of method can be assigned to multiple variables.
def iAmHere() {
[29.20090, 12.90391]
}
def (coordX, coordY) = iAmHere()
assert coordX == 29.20090
assert coordY == 12.90391
// More values than variables: extra values are ignored.
def (a, b, c) = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
assert 'a' == a
assert 'b' == b
assert 'c' == c
// Less values than variables: variable is not set.
def (x, y, z) = [100, 200]
assert 100 == x
assert 200 == y
assert !z
]]>
java.lang.Object class. Let's see this with an example:class Sample {
String username
String email
List<String> labels = []
def speakUp() { "I am $username" }
def addLabel(value) { labels << value }
}
def sample = new Sample()
sample.with {
username = 'mrhaki'
email = 'email@host.com'
println speakUp() // Output: I am mrhaki
addLabel 'Groovy'
addLabel 'Java'
}
assert 2 == sample.labels.size()
assert 'Groovy' == sample.labels[0]
assert 'Java' == sample.labels[1]
assert 'mrhaki' == sample.username
assert 'email@host.com' == sample.email
def sb = new StringBuilder()
sb.with {
append 'Just another way to add '
append 'strings to the StringBuilder '
append 'object.'
}
assert 'Just another way to add strings to the StringBuilder object.' == sb.toString()
// Another example as seen at
// http://javajeff.blogspot.com/2008/11/getting-groovy-with-with.html
def cal = Calendar.instance
cal.with {
clear()
set(YEAR, 2009)
set MONTH, SEPTEMBER
set DATE, 4
add DATE, 2
}
assert'September 6, 2009' == cal.time.format('MMMM d, yyyy')
String username
String email
List<String> labels = []
def speakUp() { "I am $username" }
def addLabel(value) { labels << value }
}
def sample = new Sample()
sample.with {
username = 'mrhaki'
email = 'email@host.com'
println speakUp() // Output: I am mrhaki
addLabel 'Groovy'
addLabel 'Java'
}
assert 2 == sample.labels.size()
assert 'Groovy' == sample.labels[0]
assert 'Java' == sample.labels[1]
assert 'mrhaki' == sample.username
assert 'email@host.com' == sample.email
def sb = new StringBuilder()
sb.with {
append 'Just another way to add '
append 'strings to the StringBuilder '
append 'object.'
}
assert 'Just another way to add strings to the StringBuilder object.' == sb.toString()
// Another example as seen at
// http://javajeff.blogspot.com/2008/11/getting-groovy-with-with.html
def cal = Calendar.instance
cal.with {
clear()
set(YEAR, 2009)
set MONTH, SEPTEMBER
set DATE, 4
add DATE, 2
}
assert'September 6, 2009' == cal.time.format('MMMM d, yyyy')
]]>
]]>