锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>&#20122;&#27954;&#27431;&#27954;&#26657;&#22253;&#33258;&#25293;&#37117;&#24066;&#44;&#20122;&#27954;&#19968;&#32423;&#29305;&#40644;&#26080;&#30721;&#29255;&#44;&#20122;&#27954;&#26085;&#20135;&#50;&#48;&#50;&#49;&#19977;&#21306;&#22312;&#32447;</title><link>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/articles/138585.html</link><dc:creator>澶忛洩</dc:creator><author>澶忛洩</author><pubDate>Wed, 22 Aug 2007 05:06:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/articles/138585.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/comments/138585.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/articles/138585.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>1</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/comments/commentRss/138585.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.tkk7.com/jier/services/trackbacks/138585.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>椹お鏁堝簲 錛圡atthew Effect錛?br><br>銆�銆�椹お鏁堝簲鏄寚濂界殑鎰堝ソ錛屽潖鐨勬剤鍧忥紝澶氱殑鎰堝錛屽皯鐨勬剤灝戠殑涓�縐嶇幇璞°�傜編鍥界瀛﹀彶鐮旂┒鑰呯綏浼壒&#183;鑾】(Robert K. Merton)褰掔撼&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;涓猴細浠諱綍涓綋銆佺兢浣撴垨鍦板尯錛屼竴鏃﹀湪鏌愪竴涓柟闈紙濡傞噾閽便�佸悕瑾夈�佸湴浣嶇瓑錛夎幏寰楁垚鍔熷拰榪涙錛屽氨浼氫駭鐢熶竴縐嶇Н绱紭鍔匡紝灝變細鏈夋洿澶氱殑鏈轟細鍙栧緱鏇村ぇ鐨勬垚鍔熷拰榪涙銆傚畠鐨勫悕瀛楁潵鑷簬鍦ｇ粡銆婃柊綰?#183;椹お紱忛煶銆嬩腑鐨勪竴鍒欏瘬璦�銆?<br><br>銆愭潵婧愩�?br><br>銆�銆�銆婃柊綰?#183;椹お紱忛煶銆嬩腑鏈夎繖鏍蜂竴涓晠浜嬨�備竴涓浗鐜嬭繙琛屽墠錛屼氦緇欎笁涓粏浜烘瘡浜轟竴閿摱瀛愶紝鍚╁拹浠栦滑錛?#8220;浣犱滑鍘誨仛鐢熸剰錛岀瓑鎴戝洖鏉ユ椂錛屽啀鏉ヨ鎴戙�?#8221;鍥界帇鍥炴潵鏃訛紝絎竴涓粏浜鴻錛?#8220;涓諱漢錛屼綘浜ょ粰鎴戠殑涓�閿摱瀛愶紝鎴戝凡璧氫簡10閿�?#8221;浜庢槸鍥界帇濂栧姳浜嗕粬10搴у煄閭戙�傜浜屼釜浠嗕漢鎶ュ憡璇達細&#8220;涓諱漢錛屼綘緇欐垜鐨勪竴閿摱瀛愶紝鎴戝凡璧氫簡5閿�?#8221;浜庢槸鍥界帇渚垮鍔變簡浠?搴у煄閭戙�傜涓変釜浠嗕漢鎶ュ憡璇達細&#8220;涓諱漢錛屼綘緇欐垜鐨勪竴閿摱瀛愶紝鎴戜竴鐩村寘鍦ㄦ墜宸鵑噷瀛樼潃錛屾垜鎬曚涪澶憋紝涓�鐩存病鏈夋嬁鍑烘潵銆?#8221;浜庢槸,鍥界帇鍛戒護灝嗙涓変釜浠嗕漢鐨勯偅閿摱瀛愯祻緇欑涓�涓粏浜猴紝騫朵笖璇達細&#8220;鍑℃槸灝戠殑錛屽氨榪炰粬鎵�鏈夌殑錛屼篃瑕佸ず榪囨潵銆傚嚒鏄鐨勶紝榪樿緇欎粬錛屽彨浠栧澶氱泭鍠勩�?#8221;("For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath." - Matthew XXV:29, KJV)銆?br><br>銆愭墿灞曘�?br><br>銆�銆�1968騫達紝緹庡浗縐戝鍙茬爺絀惰�呯綏浼壒&#183;鑾】錛圧obert K. Merton錛夋彁鍑鴻繖涓湳璇敤浠ユ鎷竴縐嶇ぞ浼氬績鐞嗙幇璞★細&#8220;鐩稿浜庨偅浜涗笉鐭ュ悕鐨勭爺絀惰�咃紝澹板悕鏄捐但鐨勭瀛﹀閫氬父寰楀埌鏇村鐨勫０鏈涘嵆浣夸粬浠殑鎴愬氨鏄浉浼肩殑錛屽悓鏍峰湴錛屽湪鍚屼竴涓」鐩笂錛屽０瑾夐�氬父緇欎簣閭ｄ簺宸茬粡鍑哄悕鐨勭爺絀惰�?緇撴灉錛岀爺絀舵垚鏋滆秺澶氱殑浜哄線寰�瓚婂張鍚嶏紝瓚婃湁鍚嶇殑浜烘垚鏋滆秺澶氾紝鏈�鍚庡氨浜х敓浜嗗鏈潈濞併�傘�?#8221; 姝ゆ湳璇悗涓虹粡嫻庡鐣屾墍鍊熺敤錛屽弽鏄犺傳鑰呮剤璐紝瀵岃�呮剤瀵岋紝璧㈠閫氬悆鐨勭粡嫻庡鐜拌薄銆傞┈澶晥搴旓紙Matthew Effect錛夛紝鍗崇ぞ浼氫腑灝ゅ叾鏄粡嫻庨鍩熷唴騫挎硾瀛樺湪鐨勪竴涓幇璞★細寮鴻�呮亽寮猴紝寮辮�呮亽寮憋紝鎴栬�呰錛岃耽瀹墮�氬悆銆?968騫達紝緹庡浗縐戝鍙茬爺絀惰�呯綏浼壒&#183;鑾】(Robert K. Merton)棣栨鐢?#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;鏉ユ弿榪拌繖縐嶇ぞ浼氬績鐞嗙幇璞°�?br><br>銆�銆�紺句細蹇冪悊瀛﹀璁や負錛?#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221; 鏄釜鏃㈡湁娑堟瀬浣滅敤鍙堟湁縐瀬浣滅敤鐨勭ぞ浼氬績鐞嗙幇璞°�傚叾娑堟瀬浣滅敤鏄細鍚嶄漢涓庢湭鍑哄悕鑰呭共鍑哄悓鏍風殑鎴愮嘩錛屽墠鑰呭線寰�涓婄駭琛ㄦ壃錛岃鑰呴噰璁匡紝姹傛暀鑰呭拰璁塊棶鑰呮帴韙佃�岃嚦錛屽悇縐嶆鍐犱篃涓�欏舵帴涓�欏跺湴椋樻潵錛岀粨鏋滃線寰�浣垮叾涓竴浜涗漢鍥犳病鏈夋竻閱掔殑鑷垜璁よ瘑鍜屾病鏈夌悊鏅烘�佸害鑰屽眳鍔熻嚜鍌詫紝鍦ㄤ漢鐢熺殑閬撹礬涓婅穼璺熷ご錛涜�屽悗鑰呭垯鏃犱漢闂觸錛岀敋鑷寵繕浼氶伃鍙楅潪闅懼拰濡掑繉銆傚叾縐瀬浣滅敤鏄細鍏朵竴錛屽彲浠ラ槻姝㈢ぞ浼氳繃鏃╁湴鎵胯閭ｄ簺榪樹笉鎴愮啛鐨勬垚鏋滄垨榪囨棭鍦版帴鍙楄矊浼兼紜殑鎴愭灉錛涘叾浜岋紝&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;鎵�浜х敓鐨?#8220;鑽ｈ獕榪藉姞&#8221;鍜?#8220;鑽ｈ獕緇堣韓&#8221;絳夌幇璞★紝瀵規棤鍚嶈�呮湁宸ㄥぇ鐨勫惛寮曞姏錛屼績浣挎棤鍚嶈�呭幓濂嬫枟錛岃�岃繖縐嶅鏂楀張蹇呴』鏈夋槑鏄捐秴瓚婂悕浜鴻繃鍘葷殑鎴愭灉鎵嶈兘鑾峰緱鍚戝線鐨勮崳瑾夈�?br><br>銆�銆�&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;鍦ㄧぞ浼氫腑騫挎硾瀛樺湪銆備互緇忔祹棰嗗煙涓轟緥錛屽浗闄呬笂鍏充簬鍦板尯涔嬮棿鍙戝睍瓚嬪娍涓昏瀛樺湪鐫�涓ょ涓嶅悓鐨勮鐐癸細<br><br>銆�銆�涓�縐嶆槸鏂板彜鍏稿闀跨悊璁虹殑&#8220;瓚嬪悓鍋囪&#8221;銆傝鍋囪璁や負錛岀敱浜庤祫鏈殑鎶ラ叕閫掑噺瑙勫緥錛屽綋鍙戣揪鍦板尯鍑虹幇璧勬湰鎶ラ叕閫掑噺鏃訛紝璧勬湰灝變細嫻佸悜榪樻湭鍑虹幇鎶ラ叕閫掑噺鐨勬瑺鍙戣揪鍦板尯錛屽叾緇撴灉鏄彂杈懼湴鍖虹殑澧為暱閫熷害鍑忔參錛岃�屾瑺鍙戣揪鍦板尯鐨勫閫熷姞蹇紝鏈�緇堝鑷翠袱綾誨湴鍖哄彂杈劇▼搴︾殑瓚嬪悓銆?br><br>銆�銆�鍙︿竴縐嶈鐐規槸錛屽綋鍚屾椂鑰冭檻鍒板埗搴︺�佷漢鍔涜祫婧愮瓑鍥犵礌鏃訛紝寰�寰�浼氬嚭鐜板彟澶栦竴縐嶇粨鏋滐紝鍗沖彂杈懼湴鍖轟笌嬈犲彂杈懼湴鍖轟箣闂寸殑鍙戝睍錛屽父甯鎬細鍛堢幇&#8220;鍙戝睍瓚嬪紓&#8221;鐨?#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;銆傝惤鍚庡湴鍖虹殑浜烘墠浼氭祦鍚戝彂杈懼湴鍖猴紝钀藉悗鍦板尯鐨勮祫婧愪細寤変環嫻佸悜鍙戣揪鍦板尯錛岃惤鍚庡湴鍖虹殑鍒跺害鍙堥�氬父涓嶅鍙戣揪鍦板尯鍚堢悊錛屼簬鏄驚鐜線澶嶏紝鍦板尯宸紓浼氳秺鏉ヨ秺澶с�?br><br>銆�銆�鑰岀ぞ浼氳傳瀵屽樊璺濓紝涔熶細浜х敓&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;銆傚湪鑲″競妤煎競鐙傛疆涓紝鏈�璧氱殑鎬繪槸搴勫錛屾渶璧旂殑鎬繪槸鏁ｆ埛銆備簬鏄紝涓嶅姞浠ヨ皟鑺傦紝鏅�氬ぇ浼楃殑閲戦挶錛屽氨浼氶�氳繃榪欑褰㈡�佽仛闆嗗埌灝戞暟浜虹兢鎵嬩腑錛岃繘涓�姝ュ姞鍓ц傳瀵屽垎鍖栥�傚彟澶栵紝鐢變簬瀵岃�呴�氬父浼氫韓鍙楀埌鏇村ソ鐨勬暀鑲插拰鍙戝睍鏈轟細錛岃�岀┓鑰呭垯浼氱敱浜庣粡嫻庡師鍥狅紝姣斿瘜鑰呮洿涔忓彂灞曟満閬囷紝榪欎篃浼氬鑷村瘜鑰呰秺瀵岋紝絀瘋�呰秺絀風殑&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;銆?br><br>銆�銆�瀵規斂搴滆�岃█錛屽浣曞湪緇忔祹鍙戝睍涓伩鍏嶈傳瀵屽樊璺濊秺鎷夎秺澶х殑椹お鏁堝簲錛屾槸涓�涓緢閲嶈鐨勬斂娌昏棰樸�?br><br>銆愰┈澶晥搴旂殑紺句細鐜拌薄銆?br><br>銆�銆�&#8220;椹お鏁堝簲&#8221;鍦ㄧぞ浼氫腑騫挎硾瀛樺湪錛屼互銆栫粡嫻庨鍩熴�椾負渚嬶紝鍥介檯涓婂叧浜庡湴鍖轟箣闂村彂灞曡秼鍔夸富瑕佸瓨鍦ㄧ潃涓ょ涓嶅悓鐨勮鐐癸細涓�縐嶆槸鏂板彜鍏稿闀跨悊璁虹殑&#8220;瓚嬪悓鍋囪&#8221;銆傝鍋囪璁や負錛岀敱浜庤祫鏈殑鎶ラ叕閫掑噺瑙勫緥錛屽綋鍙戣揪鍦板尯鍑虹幇璧勬湰鎶ラ叕閫掑噺鏃訛紝璧勬湰灝變細嫻佸悜榪樻湭鍑虹幇鎶ラ叕閫掑噺鐨勬瑺鍙戣揪鍦板尯錛屽叾緇撴灉鏄彂杈懼湴鍖虹殑澧為暱閫熷害鍑忔參錛岃�屾瑺鍙戣揪鍦板尯鐨勫閫熷姞蹇?</p>
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