2.
綰跨▼鐨勭姸鎬佹湁'Ready', 'Running', 'Sleeping', 'Blocked', 鍜?'Waiting'鍑犱釜鐘舵侊紝
'Ready' 琛ㄧず綰跨▼姝e湪絳夊緟CPU鍒嗛厤鍏佽榪愯鐨勬椂闂淬?/p>
3. 綰跨▼榪愯嬈″簭騫朵笉鏄寜鐓ф垜浠垱寤轟粬浠椂鐨勯『搴忔潵榪愯鐨勶紝CPU澶勭悊綰跨▼鐨勯『搴忔槸涓嶇‘瀹氱殑錛屽鏋滈渶瑕佺‘瀹氾紝閭d箞蹇呴』鎵嬪伐浠嬪叆錛屼嬌鐢╯etPriority()鏂規(guī)硶璁劇疆浼樺厛綰с?/p>
4. 鎴戜滑鏃犱粠鐭ラ亾涓涓嚎紼嬩粈涔堟椂鍊欒繍琛岋紝涓や釜鎴栧涓嚎紼嬪湪璁塊棶鍚屼竴涓祫婧愭椂錛岄渶瑕乻ynchronized
5. 姣忎釜綰跨▼浼?xì)娉ㄥ唽鑷繁锛屽疄闄呮煇澶勫瓨鍦ㄧ潃瀵瑰畠鐨勫紩鐢紝鍥犳錛屽瀮鍦懼洖鏀舵満鍒跺瀹冨氨"鏉熸墜鏃犵瓥"浜?jiǎn)銆?/p>
6. Daemon綰跨▼鍖哄埆涓鑸嚎紼嬩箣澶勬槸錛氫富紼嬪簭涓鏃︾粨鏉燂紝Daemon綰跨▼灝變細(xì)緇撴潫銆?/p>
7. 涓涓璞′腑鐨勬墍鏈塻ynchronized鏂規(guī)硶閮藉叡浜竴鎶婇攣錛岃繖鎶婇攣鑳藉闃叉澶氫釜鏂規(guī)硶瀵歸氱敤鍐呭瓨鍚屾椂榪涜鐨勫啓鎿嶄綔銆俿ynchronized static鏂規(guī)硶鍙湪涓涓被鑼冨洿鍐呰鐩鎬簰闂撮攣瀹氳搗鏉ャ?/p>
8. 瀵逛簬璁塊棶鏌愪釜鍏抽敭鍏變韓璧勬簮鐨勬墍鏈夋柟娉曪紝閮藉繀欏繪妸瀹冧滑璁句負(fù)synchronized錛屽惁鍒欏氨涓嶈兘姝e父宸ヤ綔銆?/p>
9. 鍋囪宸茬煡涓涓柟娉曚笉浼?xì)閫犳垚鍐茬獊錛屾渶鏄庢櫤鐨勬柟娉曟槸涓嶈浣跨敤synchronized錛岃兘鎻愰珮浜涙ц兘銆?/p>
10 . 濡傛灉涓涓?鍚屾"鏂規(guī)硶淇敼浜?jiǎn)涓涓彉閲忥紝鑰屾垜浠殑鏂規(guī)硶瑕佺敤鍒拌繖涓彉閲?鍙兘鏄彧璇?,鏈濂藉皢鑷繁鐨勮繖涓柟娉曚篃璁句負(fù) synchronized銆?/p>
11. synchronized涓嶈兘緇ф壙錛屻鐖剁被鐨勬柟娉曟槸synchronized錛岄偅涔堝叾瀛愮被閲嶈澆鏂規(guī)硶涓氨涓嶄細(xì)緇ф壙"鍚屾"銆?/p>
12. 綰跨▼鍫靛Blocked鏈夊嚑涓師鍥犻犳垚錛?/p>
(1)綰跨▼鍦ㄧ瓑鍊欎竴浜汭O鎿嶄綔
(2)綰跨▼璇曞浘璋冪敤鍙﹀涓涓璞$殑"鍚屾"鏂規(guī)硶錛屼絾閭d釜瀵硅薄澶勪簬閿佸畾鐘舵侊紝鏆傛椂鏃犳硶浣跨敤銆?/p>
13.
鍘熷瓙鍨嬫搷浣?atomic), 瀵瑰師濮嬪瀷鍙橀噺(primitive)鐨勬搷浣滄槸鍘熷瓙鍨嬬殑atomic. 鎰忓懗鐫榪欎簺鎿嶄綔鏄嚎紼嬪畨鍏ㄧ殑錛?浣嗘槸澶ч儴鍒嗘儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠茍涓嶈兘姝g‘浣跨敤錛屾潵鐪嬬湅 i = i + 1 , i鏄痠nt鍨嬶紝灞炰簬鍘熷鍨嬪彉閲忥細(xì)
(1)浠庝富鍐呭瓨涓鍙杋鍊煎埌鏈湴鍐呭瓨.
(2)灝嗗間粠鏈湴鍐呭瓨瑁呰澆鍒扮嚎紼嬪伐浣滄嫹璐濅腑.
(3)瑁呰澆鍙橀噺1.
(4)灝唅 鍔?1.
(5)灝嗙粨鏋滅粰鍙橀噺i.
(6)灝唅淇濆瓨鍒扮嚎紼嬫湰鍦板伐浣滄嫹璐濅腑.
(7)鍐欏洖涓誨唴瀛?
娉ㄦ剰鍘熷瓙鍨嬫搷浣滃彧闄愪簬絎?姝ュ埌絎?姝ョ殑璇誨彇浠ュ強(qiáng)絎?鍒扮7姝ョ殑鍐? i鐨勫艱繕鏄彲鑳借鍚屾椂鎵цi=i+1鐨勫綰跨▼涓柇鎵撴壈(鍦ㄧ4姝?銆?/p>
double 鍜宭ong 鍙橀噺鏄潪鍘熷瓙鍨嬬殑(non-atomic)銆傛暟緇勬槸object 闈炲師瀛愬瀷銆?/p>
14. 鐢變簬13鏉$殑鍘熷洜錛屾垜浠В鍐沖姙娉曟槸錛?/p>
class xxx extends Thread{
//i浼?xì)琚l忓父淇敼
private int i;
public synchronized int read(){ return i;}
public synchronized void update(){ i = i + 1;}
..........
}
15. Volatile鍙橀噺錛?volatile鍙橀噺琛ㄧず淇濊瘉瀹冨繀欏繪槸涓庝富鍐呭瓨淇濇寔涓鑷達(dá)紝瀹冨疄闄呮槸"鍙橀噺鐨勫悓姝?, 涔熷氨鏄瀵逛簬volatile鍙橀噺鐨勬搷浣滄槸鍘熷瓙鍨嬬殑錛屽鐢ㄥ湪long 鎴?double鍙橀噺鍓嶃?br />
16. 浣跨敤yield()浼?xì)鑷姩鏀惧純CPU錛屾湁鏃舵瘮sleep鏇磋兘鎻愬崌鎬ц兘銆?/p>
17. sleep()鍜寃ait()鐨勫尯鍒槸錛歸ait()鏂規(guī)硶琚皟鐢ㄦ椂浼?xì)瑙i櫎閿佸畾锛屼絾鏄垜浠兘鋴社敤瀹冪殑鍦版柟鍙槸鍦ㄤ竴涓悓姝ョ殑鏂規(guī)硶鎴栦唬鐮佸潡鍐呫?/p>
18. 閫氳繃鍒墮犵緝?yōu)畯鍚屾鑼冨涍_(dá)紝灝藉彲鑳界殑瀹炵幇浠g爜鍧楀悓姝ワ紝wait(姣鏁?鍙湪鎸囧畾鐨勬縐掓暟鍙鍑簑ait錛涘浜巜ait()闇瑕佽notisfy()鎴杗otifyAll()韙㈤啋銆?/p>
19.
鏋勯犱袱涓嚎紼嬩箣闂村疄鏃墮氫俊鐨勬柟娉曞垎鍑犳錛?br />(1). 鍒涘緩涓涓狿ipedWriter鍜屼竴涓狿ipedReader鍜屽畠浠箣闂寸殑綆¢亾;
PipedReader in = new PipedReader(new PipedWriter())
(2). 鍦ㄩ渶瑕佸彂閫佷俊鎭殑綰跨▼寮濮嬩箣鍓嶏紝灝嗗閮ㄧ殑PipedWriter瀵煎悜緇欏叾鍐呴儴鐨刉riter瀹炰緥out
(3). 鍦ㄩ渶瑕佹帴鍙椾俊鎭殑綰跨▼寮濮嬩箣鍓嶏紝灝嗗閮ㄧ殑PipedReader瀵煎悜緇欏叾鍐呴儴鐨凴eader瀹炰緥in
(4). 榪欐牱鏀懼叆out鐨勬墍鏈変笢瑗垮害鍙粠in涓彁鍙栧嚭鏉ャ?/p>
20. synchronized甯︽潵鐨勯棶棰橀櫎鎬ц兘鏈夋墍涓嬮檷澶栵紝鏈澶х殑緙虹偣鏄細(xì)甯︽潵姝婚攣DeadLock錛屽彧鏈夐氳繃璋ㄦ厧璁捐鏉ラ槻姝㈡閿侊紝鍏朵粬姣棤鍔炴硶錛岃繖涔熸槸綰跨▼闅句互椹湇鐨勪竴涓師鍥犮備笉瑕佸啀浣跨敤stop() suspend() resume()鍜宒estory()鏂規(guī)硶
21. 鍦ㄥぇ閲忕嚎紼嬭鍫靛鏃訛紝鏈楂樹紭鍏堢駭鐨勭嚎紼嬪厛榪愯銆備絾鏄笉琛ㄧず浣庣駭鍒嚎紼嬩笉浼?xì)杩愯锛寴q愯姒傜巼灝忚屽凡銆?/p>
22. 綰跨▼緇勭殑涓昏浼樼偣鏄細(xì)浣跨敤鍗曚釜鍛戒護(hù)鍙畬鎴愬鏁翠釜綰跨▼緇勭殑鎿嶄綔銆傚緢灝戦渶瑕佺敤鍒扮嚎紼嬬粍銆?/p>
23. 浠庝互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈㈡彁鍗囧綰跨▼鐨勬ц兘錛?/p>
媯(gè)鏌ユ墍鏈夊彲鑳紹lock鐨勫湴鏂癸紝灝藉彲鑳界殑澶氱殑浣跨敤sleep鎴杫ield()浠ュ強(qiáng)wait();
灝藉彲鑳藉歡闀縮leep(姣鏁?鐨勬椂闂?
榪愯鐨勭嚎紼嬩笉鐢ㄨ秴榪?00涓紝涓嶈兘澶錛?/p>
涓嶅悓騫沖彴l(fā)inux鎴杦indows浠ュ強(qiáng)涓嶅悓JVM榪愯鎬ц兘宸埆寰堝ぇ銆?/p>
2.鑷沖皯瑕佹湁鍑犱釜鍝ヤ滑錛屾壘鍒板勾灝戣交鐙傛椂鍏卞悓鎴愰暱鐨勫弸璋娿備笉綆℃槸綰甸厭鐙傛瓕錛岃繕鏄氮榪瑰ぉ娑紱涓嶇鏄槬椋庡緱鎰忥紝榪樻槸灞¤觸灞℃垬錛涘湪涓璧鋒椂錛岀粡甯告彙鎻℃湅鍙嬬殑鎵嬶紝浠庝腑姹插彇鍔涢噺錛涘垎鎵嬩箣鍚庯紝鏈変竴澶╄寰楀鎵句箙宸插け鍘昏仈緋葷殑鏃ф棩鏈嬪弸銆傜敺浜虹殑鍙嬭皧鏄綘闈㈠鎴樺満鏃跺潥瀹炵殑渚濋潬銆傘婄編鍥藉線浜嬨嬬殑孌嬮叿闈掓槬鍜屻婅嫳闆勬湰鑹層嬬殑蹇剰鎭╀粐錛岃繕鑳借鎴戜滑鐑娌歌吘銆?/p>
3.鑷沖皯鎶曞叆鍦扮埍涓嬈°備嬌浜虹噧鐑х殑鐖辨儏涔熻涓嶈兘鎸佷箙錛屼絾瓚沖鐐逛寒鐢峰瀛愪竴鐢熺殑鍓嶇▼銆傛浘緇忕湡鐖憋紝鐢蜂漢鐨勮偐鑶鎵嶅紑濮嬪彉寰椾紵宀革紝鍥犱負(fù)鍙湁涓轟簡(jiǎn)鑷繁鐨勬渶鐖憋紝鐢蜂漢鏈浼樼鐨勫搧璐ㄦ墠寰椾互寮鍙戯紝鎵嶆垚涓轟竴涓彲浠ユ墭浠樼殑澶у啓鐨勪漢銆傛湁浜鴻鐖辨儏浣夸漢鑴嗗急錛屼絾鏄湡姝g殑鐖辨儏浣夸漢鍧氬己銆傘婄綏椹亣鏃ャ嬮噷鐨勭函鎯呭叕涓誨拰銆婃儏涔︺嬮噷鐨勭棿蹇?jī)灏戲q達(dá)紝榪樿兘璁╂垜浠拷蹇嗙埍鎯呫?/p>
4.鑷沖皯浣撻獙涓嬈℃尗鎶橈紝瀛︿範(fàn)鎵垮彈澶辮觸錛屽茍涓斿浼?xì)鍙嶆姉銆傜敺浜虹殑鎴愪漢紺間笌浠栫殑涓夊崄宀佺敓鏃ユ棤鍏斥斺斺旈害搴蜂集鍦ㄩ潪媧茬寧鐙瓙鐨勬椂鍊欏拷鐒舵槑鐧借繖涓亾鐞嗭紝榪欐椂鍊欎粬琚粬涓鐩村鎬曞け鍘葷殑濡誨瓙灝勬潃錛屾搗鏄庡▉娌℃湁鍛婅瘔鎴戜滑鏄笉鏄鏉鈥斺斺斾絾閲嶈鐨勬槸錛岀敺浜轟笉鎬曞け鍘諱換浣曚笢瑗匡紝涓堝か杞昏韓閲嶄竴璇猴紝浠庡娓歌蛋浜庡洶澧冧箣涓紝灝嗗畠鍙樻垚杈夌厡鐨勯摵鍨傘婇獓瀹㈠笣鍥姐嬮噷Neo鎴愪負(fù)TheOne鍜屻婄嫯瀛愮帇銆嬮噷杈涘反澶哄洖鐜嬩綅錛岃繕鑳借鎴戜滑澶╃炕鍦拌涓珯绔嬭搗鏉ャ?/p>
5.鑷沖皯瀹氫竴涓鍒掞紝騫朵笖涓嶆姌涓嶆墸鍦板畬鎴愬畠銆傚鏈夊彲鑳斤紝浣撻獙涓嬈″啗鏃呯敓媧伙紝鍦ㄩ檺鍒朵腑寮哄寲寰嬪繁涓庤矗浠繪剰璇嗭紱鐢蜂漢鐨勮鍒掑姏鍜屾墽琛屽姏鍐沖畾浜?jiǎn)杩欎釜鐢蜂汉鎴愬姛鐨勬鐜囧Q屽媷浜庡茍涓斿杽浜庡疄鐜拌嚜宸辯殑鐩爣錛岀敺浜虹殑鐞嗘兂灝卞叿浣撲負(fù)鐜板疄鐨勬垚鍔燂紝鑰屾垚鍔燂紝浠婂ぉ浼間箮鎴愪簡(jiǎn)鐢蜂漢鐨勭澶х壒寰併傘婅倴鐢沖厠鏁戣祹銆嬮噷鍏充笉浣忕殑楦熷効鍜屻婅緵寰峰嫆鐨勫悕鍗曘嬮噷闆嗕腑钀ョ殑鏁戞槦錛岃鎴戜滑鐪嬪埌浜?jiǎn)鍧氭寔涓嶆噲鎵ц璁″垝鐨勫法澶у姛瀵d銆?/p>
6.鑷沖皯姣忓ぉ琛峰績(jī)澶鎬竴嬈″浜猴紝鎰熻阿浠栦滑涓庝綘鍏卞悓緇忚惀涓涓編婊″搴傛湁鏈轟細(xì)鐨勮瘽鍊懼惉濠村効鐨勭涓澹板暭鍝紝璁╁瀛愬甫浣犳垚闀垮湪鏂版椂浠o紝璁╀綘鎰熷彈鎴愮啛涔熸劅鍙楃蹇?jī)銆傚父鍥炲鐪嬬湅鐖舵瘝錛岄櫔鐖舵瘝鑱婅亰澶╋紝鑷沖皯鍍忓疇瀛╁瓙涓鏍峰叧蹇?jī)鐖舵瘝銆傛嫓璁夸綘鐨勬仼甯堬紝澶у0璇村嚭浣犵殑鐖憋紝鍙湁鐖卞拰鎰熻阿鍙互璁╀綘鐨勫垢紱忓父鍦ㄥ父鏂般傘婃暀鐖躲嬮噷鐨勯粦鎵嬪厷瀹舵棌鍜屻婁竴鏉℃祦榪囪蹇嗙殑娌熾嬮噷鐨勯挀楸煎搴紝閮芥湁涓縐嶄翰鎯呯殑娓╂殩鍦ㄥ叾涓譏婕?/p>
7.鑷沖皯鍩瑰吇涓縐嶄釜浜虹埍濂斤紝浣撻獙宸ヤ綔鍜屽搴箣澶栫殑鍙︿竴縐嶇敓媧繪柟寮忋傚鎵鵑傚悎鑷繁鐨勫ū涔愬強(qiáng)鍋ヨ韓鏂瑰紡錛涚弽钘忎竴浠剁壒孌婄殑鐗╁搧錛涘弬鍔犱竴嬈$媯嬈㈡椿鍔紝鎰熷彈嬋鎯呬笌鐙傞噹錛涘湪閲庡榪滆凍錛屽皬浣忔暟鏃ワ紝鍊懼惉澶ц嚜鐒剁殑澹伴煶錛涗拱鍑犲紶褰╃エ錛岀紕拌繍姘斻傛墍鏈夌埍濂藉憡璇変綘錛岀敓媧誨茍涓嶅彧鏄寜閮ㄥ氨鐝紝榪樻湁濂藉姊︽兂鏉ヤ笉鍙?qiáng)瀹炵帋图尳E嶅井鏀舵暃涓涓嬬媯濡勪箣蹇?jī)锛屽幹M綋楠屼赴瀵屽褰╃敓媧葷殑鍚勪釜鏂歸潰銆傘婄編涓戒漢鐢熴嬮噷鐨勫揩涔愭父鎴忓拰銆婂鏄熶漢銆嬮噷鐨勭蹇?jī)绔キ懀锛岃鎴戜滑鎰忚瘑鍒版ⅵ鍜屾父鎴忓浜庣敓娲荤殑閲嶈鎬с?/p>
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