銆銆SUID 鏄?Set User ID, SGID 鏄?Set Group ID鐨勬剰鎬濄?/p>
銆銆UNIX涓嬪彲浠ョ敤ls -l 鍛戒護鏉ョ湅鍒版枃浠剁殑鏉冮檺銆傜敤ls鍛戒護鎵寰楀埌鐨勮〃紺烘硶鐨勬牸寮忔槸綾諱技榪欐牱鐨勶細-rwxr-xr-x 銆備笅闈㈣В鏋愪竴涓嬫牸寮忔墍琛ㄧず鐨勬剰鎬濄傝繖縐嶈〃紺烘柟娉曚竴鍏辨湁鍗佷綅錛?/p>
銆銆9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
銆銆- r w x r - x r - x
銆銆絎?浣嶈〃紺烘枃浠剁被鍨?鍙互涓簆銆乨銆乴銆乻銆乧銆乥鍜?錛?/p>
銆銆p琛ㄧず鍛藉悕綆¢亾鏂囦歡
銆銆d琛ㄧず鐩綍鏂囦歡
銆銆l琛ㄧず絎﹀彿榪炴帴鏂囦歡
銆銆-琛ㄧず鏅氭枃浠?/p>
銆銆s琛ㄧずsocket鏂囦歡
銆銆c琛ㄧず瀛楃璁懼鏂囦歡
銆銆b琛ㄧず鍧楄澶囨枃浠?/p>
銆銆絎?-6浣嶃?-3浣嶃?-0浣嶅垎鍒〃紺烘枃浠舵墍鏈夎呯殑鏉冮檺錛屽悓緇勭敤鎴風殑鏉冮檺錛屽叾浠栫敤鎴風殑鏉冮檺錛屽叾褰㈠紡涓簉wx錛?/p>
銆銆r琛ㄧず鍙錛屽彲浠ヨ鍑烘枃浠剁殑鍐呭
銆銆w琛ㄧず鍙啓錛屽彲浠ヤ慨鏀規枃浠剁殑鍐呭
銆銆x琛ㄧず鍙墽琛岋紝鍙繍琛岃繖涓▼搴?/p>
銆銆娌℃湁鏉冮檺鐨勪綅緗敤-琛ㄧず
銆銆渚嬪瓙錛?/p>
銆銆ls -l myfile鏄劇ず涓猴細
銆銆rwxr-x-- 1 foo staff 7734 Apr 05 17:07 myfile
銆銆琛ㄧず鏂囦歡myfile鏄櫘閫氭枃浠訛紝鏂囦歡鐨勬墍鏈夎呮槸foo鐢ㄦ埛錛岃宖oo鐢ㄦ埛灞炰簬staff緇勶紝鏂囦歡鍙湁1涓‖榪炴帴錛岄暱搴︽槸7734涓瓧鑺傦紝鏈鍚庝慨鏀規椂闂?鏈?鏃?7:07銆?/p>
銆銆鎵鏈夎協oo瀵規枃浠舵湁璇誨啓鎵ц鏉冮檺錛宻taff緇勭殑鎴愬憳瀵規枃浠舵湁璇誨拰鎵ц鏉冮檺錛屽叾浠栫殑鐢ㄦ埛瀵硅繖涓枃浠舵病鏈夋潈闄愩?/p>
銆銆濡傛灉涓涓枃浠惰璁劇疆浜哠UID鎴朣GID浣嶏紝浼氬垎鍒〃鐜板湪鎵鏈夎呮垨鍚岀粍鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬潈闄愮殑鍙墽琛屼綅涓娿備緥濡傦細
銆銆1銆?rwsr-xr-x 琛ㄧずSUID鍜屾墍鏈夎呮潈闄愪腑鍙墽琛屼綅琚緗?/p>
銆銆2銆?del>rwSrr- 琛ㄧずSUID琚緗紝浣嗘墍鏈夎呮潈闄愪腑鍙墽琛屼綅娌℃湁琚緗?/p>
銆銆3銆?rwxr-sr-x 琛ㄧずSGID鍜屽悓緇勭敤鎴鋒潈闄愪腑鍙墽琛屼綅琚緗?/p>
銆銆4銆?del>rw-r-Sr- 琛ㄧずSGID琚緗紝浣嗗悓緇勭敤鎴鋒潈闄愪腑鍙墽琛屼綅娌℃湁琚ぞ
銆銆鍏跺疄鍦║NIX鐨勫疄鐜頒腑錛屾枃浠舵潈闄愮敤12涓簩榪涘埗浣嶈〃紺猴紝濡傛灉璇ヤ綅緗笂鐨勫兼槸
銆銆1錛岃〃紺烘湁鐩稿簲鐨勬潈闄愶細
銆銆11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
銆銆S G T r w x r w x r w x
銆銆絎?1浣嶄負SUID浣嶏紝絎?0浣嶄負SGID浣嶏紝絎?浣嶄負sticky浣嶏紝絎?-0浣嶅搴斾簬涓婇潰鐨勪笁緇剅wx浣嶃?/p>
銆銆11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
銆銆涓婇潰鐨?rwsr-xr-x鐨勫間負錛?1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
銆銆rw-r-Sr-鐨勫間負錛?0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
銆銆緇欐枃浠跺姞SUID鍜孲UID鐨勫懡浠ゅ涓嬶細
銆銆chmod u+s filename 璁劇疆SUID浣?/p>
銆銆chmod u-s filename 鍘繪帀SUID璁劇疆
銆銆chmod g+s filename 璁劇疆SGID浣?/p>
銆銆chmod g-s filename 鍘繪帀SGID璁劇疆
銆銆鍙﹀涓縐嶆柟娉曟槸chmod鍛戒護鐢ㄥ叓榪涘埗琛ㄧず鏂規硶鐨勮緗傚鏋滄槑鐧戒簡鍓嶉潰鐨?2浣嶆潈闄愯〃紺烘硶涔熷緢綆鍗曘?/p>
銆銆浜屻丼UID鍜孲GID鐨勮緇嗚В鏋?/p>
銆銆鐢變簬SUID鍜孲GID鏄湪鎵ц紼嬪簭錛堢▼搴忕殑鍙墽琛屼綅琚緗級鏃惰搗浣滅敤錛岃屽彲鎵ц浣嶅彧瀵規櫘閫氭枃浠跺拰鐩綍鏂囦歡鏈夋剰涔夛紝鎵浠ヨ緗叾浠栫綾繪枃浠剁殑SUID鍜孲GID浣嶆槸娌℃湁澶氬ぇ鎰忎箟鐨勩?/p>
銆銆棣栧厛璁叉櫘閫氭枃浠剁殑SUID鍜孲GID鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ備緥瀛愶細
銆銆濡傛灉鏅氭枃浠秏yfile鏄睘浜巉oo鐢ㄦ埛鐨勶紝鏄彲鎵ц鐨勶紝鐜板湪娌¤SUID浣嶏紝ls鍛戒護鏄劇ず濡備笅錛?/p>
銆銆-rwxr-xr-x 1 foo staff 7734 Apr 05 17:07 myfile浠諱綍鐢ㄦ埛閮藉彲浠ユ墽琛岃繖涓▼搴忋俇NIX鐨勫唴鏍告槸鏍規嵁浠涔堟潵紜畾涓涓繘紼嬪璧勬簮鐨勮闂潈闄愮殑鍛紵鏄繖涓繘紼嬬殑榪愯鐢ㄦ埛鐨勶紙鏈夋晥錛塈D錛屽寘鎷?user id鍜実roup id銆傜敤鎴峰彲浠ョ敤id鍛戒護鏉ユ煡鍒拌嚜宸辯殑鎴栧叾浠栫敤鎴風殑user id鍜実roup id銆?/p>
銆銆闄や簡涓鑸殑user id 鍜実roup id澶栵紝榪樻湁涓や釜縐頒箣涓篹ffective 鐨刬d錛屽氨鏄湁鏁坕d錛屼笂闈㈢殑鍥涗釜id琛ㄧず涓猴細uid錛実id錛宔uid錛宔gid銆傚唴鏍鎬富瑕佹槸鏍規嵁euid鍜宔gid鏉ョ‘瀹氳繘紼嬪璧勬簮鐨勮闂潈闄愩?/p>
銆銆涓涓繘紼嬪鏋滄病鏈塖UID鎴朣GID浣嶏紝鍒檈uid=uid egid=gid錛屽垎鍒槸榪愯榪欎釜紼嬪簭鐨勭敤鎴風殑uid鍜実id銆備緥濡俴evin鐢ㄦ埛鐨剈id鍜実id鍒嗗埆涓?04鍜?02錛宖oo鐢ㄦ埛鐨剈id鍜実id涓?200錛?01錛宬evin榪愯myfile紼嬪簭褰㈡垚鐨勮繘紼嬬殑euid=uid=204錛宔gid=gid=202錛屽唴鏍告牴鎹繖浜涘兼潵鍒ゆ柇榪涚▼瀵硅祫婧愯闂?鐨勯檺鍒訛紝鍏跺疄灝辨槸kevin鐢ㄦ埛瀵硅祫婧愯闂殑鏉冮檺錛屽拰foo娌″叧緋匯?/p>
銆銆濡傛灉涓涓▼搴忚緗簡SUID錛屽垯euid鍜宔gid鍙樻垚琚繍琛岀殑紼嬪簭鐨勬墍鏈夎呯殑uid鍜実id錛屼緥濡俴evin鐢ㄦ埛榪愯myfile錛宔uid=200錛宔gid=201錛寀id=204錛実id=202錛屽垯榪欎釜榪涚▼鍏鋒湁瀹冪殑灞炰富foo鐨勮祫婧愯闂潈闄愩?/p>
銆銆SUID鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ氨鏄繖鏍鳳細璁╂湰鏉ユ病鏈夌浉搴旀潈闄愮殑鐢ㄦ埛榪愯榪欎釜紼嬪簭鏃訛紝鍙互璁塊棶浠栨病鏈夋潈闄愯闂殑璧勬簮銆俻asswd灝辨槸涓涓緢椴滄槑鐨勪緥瀛愩?/p>
銆銆SUID鐨勪紭鍏堢駭姣擲GID楂橈紝褰撲竴涓彲鎵ц紼嬪簭璁劇疆浜哠UID錛屽垯SGID浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ彉鎴愮浉搴旂殑egid銆?/p>
銆銆涓嬮潰璁ㄨ涓涓緥瀛愶細
銆銆UNIX緋葷粺鏈変竴涓?dev/kmem鐨勮澶囨枃浠訛紝鏄竴涓瓧絎﹁澶囨枃浠訛紝閲岄潰瀛樺偍浜嗘牳蹇冪▼搴忚璁塊棶鐨勬暟鎹紝鍖呮嫭鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫彛浠ゃ傛墍浠ヨ繖涓枃浠朵笉鑳界粰涓鑸殑鐢ㄦ埛璇誨啓錛屾潈闄愯涓猴細cr-r---- 1 root system 2, 1 May 25 1998 kmem
銆銆浣唒s絳夌▼搴忚璇昏繖涓枃浠訛紝鑰宲s鐨勬潈闄愯緗涓嬶細
銆銆-r-xr-sr-x 1 bin system 59346 Apr 05 1998 ps
銆銆榪欐槸涓涓緗簡SGID鐨勭▼搴忥紝鑰宲s鐨勭敤鎴鋒槸bin錛屼笉鏄痳oot錛屾墍浠ヤ笉鑳借緗甋UID鏉ヨ闂甼mem錛屼絾澶у娉ㄦ剰浜嗭紝bin鍜宺oot 閮藉睘浜巗ystem緇勶紝鑰屼笖ps璁劇疆浜哠GID錛屼竴鑸敤鎴鋒墽琛宲s錛屽氨浼氳幏寰梥ystem緇勭敤鎴風殑鏉冮檺錛岃屾枃浠秌mem鐨勫悓緇勭敤鎴風殑鏉冮檺鏄彲璇伙紝鎵浠ヤ竴鑸?鐢ㄦ埛鎵цps灝辨病闂浜嗐備絾鏈変簺浜鴻錛屼負浠涔堜笉鎶妏s紼嬪簭璁劇疆涓簉oot鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭▼搴忥紝鐒跺悗璁劇疆SUID浣嶏紝涓嶄篃琛屽悧錛熻繖鐨勭‘鍙互瑙e喅闂錛屼絾瀹為檯涓負浠涔?涓嶈繖鏍峰仛鍛紵鍥犱負SGID鐨勯闄╂瘮SUID灝忓緱澶氾紝鎵浠ュ嚭浜庣郴緇熷畨鍏ㄧ殑鑰冭檻錛屽簲璇ュ敖閲忕敤SGID浠f浛SUID鐨勭▼搴忥紝濡傛灉鍙兘鐨勮瘽銆備笅闈㈡潵璇存槑涓涓?SGID瀵圭洰褰曠殑褰卞搷銆係UID瀵圭洰褰曟病鏈夊獎鍝嶃傚鏋滀竴涓洰褰曡緗簡SGID浣嶏紝閭d箞濡傛灉浠諱綍涓涓敤鎴峰榪欎釜鐩綍鏈夊啓鏉冮檺鐨勮瘽錛屼粬鍦ㄨ繖涓洰褰曟墍寤虹珛鐨勬枃浠?鐨勭粍閮戒細鑷姩杞負榪欎釜鐩綍鐨勫睘涓繪墍鍦ㄧ殑緇勶紝鑰屾枃浠舵墍鏈夎呬笉鍙橈紝榪樻槸灞炰簬寤虹珛榪欎釜鏂囦歡鐨勭敤鎴楓?/p>
銆銆涓夈佸叧浜嶴UID鍜孲GID鐨勭紪紼?/p>
銆銆鍜孲UID鍜孲GID緙栫▼姣旇緝瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧鐨勬湁浠ヤ笅鐨勫ご鏂囦歡鍜屽嚱鏁幫細
銆銆#include
銆銆#include
銆銆uid_t getuid(void);
銆銆uid_t geteuid(void);
銆銆gid_t getgid (void);
銆銆gid_t getegid (void);
銆銆int setuid (uid_t UID);
銆銆int setruid (uid_t RUID);
銆銆int seteuid (uid_t EUID);
銆銆int setreuid (uid_t RUID,uid_t EUID);
銆銆int setgid (gid_t GID);
銆銆int setrgid (gid_t RGID);
銆銆int setegid (git_t EGID);
銆銆int setregid (gid_t RGID, gid_t EGID);
銆銆鍏蜂綋榪欎簺鍑芥暟鐨勮鏄庡湪榪欓噷灝變笉璇︾粏鍒楀嚭鏉ヤ簡,瑕佺敤鍒扮殑鍙互鐢╩an鏌ャ?/p>
銆銆SUID/SGID :
銆銆鍋囧浣犳湁鏂囦歡a.txt
銆銆#ls -l a.txt
銆銆-rwxrwxrwx
銆銆#chmod 4777 a.txt
銆銆-rwsrwxrwx ======>娉ㄦ剰s浣嶇疆
銆銆#chmod 2777 a.txt
銆銆-rwxrwsrwx ======>娉ㄦ剰s浣嶇疆
銆銆#chmod 7777 a.txt
銆銆-rwsrwxswt ======>鍑虹幇浜唗,t鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ湪鍐呭瓨涓敖閲忎繚瀛榓.txt,鑺傜渷緋葷粺鍐嶅姞杞界殑鏃墮棿.
銆銆鐜板湪鍐嶇湅鍓嶉潰璁劇疆 SUID/SGID浣滅敤:
銆銆#cd /sbin
銆銆#./lsusb
銆銆...
銆銆#su aaa(鏅氱敤鎴?
銆銆$./lsusb
銆銆...
銆銆鏄笉鏄幇鍦ㄦ樉紺哄嚭閿欙紵
銆銆$su
銆銆#chmod 4755 lsusb
銆銆#su aaa
銆銆$./lsusb
銆銆... 鐜板湪鏄庣櫧浜嗗悧錛熸湰鏉ユ槸鍙湁root鐢ㄦ埛鎵嶈兘鎵ц鐨勫懡浠わ紝鍔犱簡SUID鍚?鏅氱敤鎴峰氨鍙互鍍弐oot涓鏍風殑鐢紝鏉冮檺鎻愬崌浜嗐備笂闈㈡槸瀵逛簬鏂囦歡鏉ヨ鐨勶紝瀵逛簬鐩綍涔熷樊涓嶅錛?/p>
銆銆鐩綍鐨凷灞炴т嬌寰楀湪璇ョ洰褰曚笅鍒涘緩鐨勪換浣曟枃浠跺強瀛愮洰褰曞睘浜庤鐩綍鎵鎷ユ湁鐨勭粍錛岀洰褰曠殑T灞炴т嬌寰楄鐩綍鐨勬墍鏈夎呭強root鎵嶈兘鍒犻櫎璇ョ洰褰曘傝繕鏈夊 浜巗涓嶴錛岃緗甋UID/SGID闇瑕佹湁榪愯鏉冮檺錛屽惁鍒欑敤ls -l鍚庡氨浼氱湅鍒癝,璇佹槑浣犳墍璁劇疆鐨凷UID/SGID娌℃湁璧蜂綔鐢ㄣ?/p>
銆銆Why we need suid,how do we use suid?
銆銆r -- 璇昏闂?/p>
銆銆w -- 鍐欒闂?/p>
銆銆x -- 鎵ц璁稿彲
銆銆s -- SUID/SGID
銆銆t -- sticky浣?/p>
銆銆閭d箞 suid/sgid鏄仛浠涔堢殑錛?涓轟粈涔堜細鏈塻uid浣嶅憿錛?/p>
銆銆瑕佹兂鏄庣櫧榪欎釜錛屽厛璁╂垜浠湅涓棶棰橈細濡傛灉璁╂瘡涓敤鎴鋒洿鏀硅嚜宸辯殑瀵嗙爜錛?/p>
銆銆鐢ㄦ埛淇敼瀵嗙爜錛屾槸閫氳繃榪愯鍛戒護passwd鏉ュ疄鐜扮殑銆傛渶緇堝繀欏昏淇敼/etc/passwd鏂囦歡錛岃宲asswd鐨勬枃浠剁殑灞炴ф槸錛?/p>
銆銆#ls -l /etc/passwd
銆銆rw-rr- 1 root root 2520 Jul 12 18:25 passwd
銆銆鎴戜滑鍙互鐪嬪埌passwd鏂囦歡鍙湁瀵逛簬root鐢ㄦ埛鏄彲鍐欑殑錛岃屽浜庢墍鏈夌殑浠栫敤鎴鋒潵璇撮兘鏄病鏈夊啓鏉冮檺鐨勩?閭d箞涓涓櫘閫氱殑鐢ㄦ埛濡備綍鑳藉閫氳繃榪愯passwd鍛戒護淇敼榪欎釜passwd鏂囦歡鍛紵
銆銆涓轟簡瑙e喅榪欎釜闂錛孲UID/SGID渚垮簲榪愯岀敓銆傝屼笖AT&T瀵瑰畠鐢寵浜嗕笓鍒┿?鍛靛懙銆?/p>
銆銆SUID鍜孲GID鏄浣曡В鍐寵繖涓棶棰樺憿錛?/p>
銆銆棣栧厛錛屾垜浠鐭ラ亾涓鐐癸細榪涚▼鍦ㄨ繍琛岀殑鏃跺欙紝鏈変竴浜涘睘鎬э紝鍏朵腑鍖呮嫭 瀹為檯鐢ㄦ埛ID,瀹為檯緇処D,鏈夋晥鐢ㄦ埛ID,鏈夋晥緇処D絳夈?瀹為檯鐢ㄦ埛ID鍜屽疄闄呯粍ID鏍囪瘑鎴戜滑鏄皝錛岃皝鍦ㄨ繍琛岃繖涓▼搴?涓鑸繖2涓瓧孌靛湪鐧婚檰鏃跺喅瀹氾紝鍦ㄤ竴涓櫥闄嗕細璇濇湡闂達紝 榪欎簺鍊煎熀鏈笂涓嶆敼鍙樸?/p>
銆銆鑰屾湁鏁堢敤鎴稩D鍜屾湁鏁堢粍ID鍒欏喅瀹氫簡榪涚▼鍦ㄨ繍琛屾椂鐨勬潈闄愩傚唴鏍稿湪鍐沖畾榪涚▼鏄惁鏈夋枃浠跺瓨鍙栨潈闄愭椂錛屾槸閲囩敤浜嗚繘紼嬬殑鏈夋晥鐢ㄦ埛ID鏉ヨ繘琛屽垽鏂殑銆?/p>
銆銆鐭ラ亾浜嗚繖鐐癸紝鎴戜滑鏉ョ湅鐪婼UID鐨勮В鍐抽斿緞錛?/p>
銆銆褰撲竴涓▼搴忚緗簡涓篠UID浣嶆椂錛屽唴鏍稿氨鐭ラ亾浜嗚繍琛岃繖涓▼搴忕殑鏃跺欙紝搴旇璁や負鏄枃浠剁殑鎵鏈夎呭湪榪愯榪欎釜紼嬪簭銆傚嵆璇ョ▼搴忚繍琛岀殑鏃跺欙紝鏈夋晥鐢ㄦ埛ID鏄紼嬪簭鐨勬墍鏈夎呫備婦涓緥瀛愶細
銆銆[root@sgrid5 bin]# ls -l passwd
銆銆-r-s-s-x 1 root root 16336 Feb 14 2003 passwd
銆銆铏界劧浣犱互test鐧婚檰緋葷粺錛屼絾鏄綋浣犺緭鍏asswd鍛戒護鏉ユ洿鏀瑰瘑鐮佺殑鏃跺欙紝鐢變簬passwd璁劇疆浜哠UID浣嶏紝鍥犳铏界劧榪涚▼鐨勫疄闄呯敤鎴稩D 鏄痶est瀵瑰簲鐨処D錛屼絾鏄繘紼嬬殑鏈夋晥鐢ㄦ埛ID鍒欐槸passwd鏂囦歡鐨勬墍鏈夎卹oot鐨処D,鍥犳鍙互淇敼/etc/passwd鏂囦歡銆?/p>
銆銆璁╂垜浠湅鍙﹀涓涓緥瀛愩?/p>
銆銆ping鍛戒護搴旂敤騫挎硾錛屽彲浠ユ祴璇曠綉緇滄槸鍚﹁繛鎺ユ甯搞俻ing鍦ㄨ繍琛屼腑鏄噰鐢ㄤ簡ICMP鍗忚錛岄渶瑕佸彂閫両CMP鎶ユ枃銆備絾鏄彧鏈塺oot鐢ㄦ埛鎵嶈兘寤虹珛ICMP鎶ユ枃錛屽浣曡В鍐寵繖涓棶棰樺憿錛熷悓鏍鳳紝涔熸槸閫氳繃SUID浣嶆潵瑙e喅銆?/p>
銆銆[root@sgrid5 bin]# ls -l /bin/ping
銆銆-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 28628 Jan 25 2003 /bin/ping
銆銆鎴戜滑鍙互嫻嬭瘯涓涓嬶紝濡傛灉鍘繪帀ping鐨凷UID浣嶏紝鍐嶇敤鏅氱敤鎴峰幓榪愯鍛戒護錛岀湅浼氭庝箞鏍楓?/p>
銆銆[root@sgrid5 bin]#chmod u-s /bin/ping
銆銆[root@sgrid5 bin]# ls -l ping
銆銆-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 28628 Jan 25 2003 ping
銆銆[root@sgrid5 bin]#su test
銆銆[test@sgrid5 bin]$ ping byhh.net
銆銆ping: icmp open socket: Operation not permitted
銆銆SUID铏界劧寰堝ソ浜嗚В鍐充簡涓浜涢棶棰橈紝浣嗘槸鍚屾椂涔熶細甯︽潵涓浜涘畨鍏ㄩ殣鎮c?/p>
銆銆鍥犱負璁劇疆浜?SUID 浣嶇殑紼嬪簭濡傛灉琚敾鍑?閫氳繃緙撳啿鍖烘孩鍑虹瓑鏂歸潰),閭d箞hacker灝卞彲浠ユ嬁鍒皉oot鏉冮檺銆?/p>
銆銆鍥犳鍦ㄥ畨鍏ㄦ柟闈㈢壒鍒娉ㄦ剰閭d簺璁劇疆浜哠UID鐨勭▼搴忋?/p>
銆銆閫氳繃浠ヤ笅鐨勫懡浠ゅ彲浠ユ壘鍒扮郴緇熶笂鎵鏈夌殑璁劇疆浜唖uid鐨勬枃浠訛細
銆銆[root@sgrid5 /]# find / -perm -04000 -type f -ls
銆銆瀵逛簬榪欓噷涓轟粈涔堟槸4000錛屽ぇ瀹跺彲浠ョ湅涓涓嬪墠闈㈢殑st_mode鐨勫悇bit鐨勬剰涔夊氨鏄庣櫧浜嗐?/p>
銆銆鍦ㄨ繖浜涜緗簡suid鐨勭▼搴忛噷錛屽鏋滅敤涓嶄笂鐨勶紝灝辨渶濂藉彇娑堣紼嬪簭鐨剆uid浣嶃?/p>
SUID鍜孲GID錛屼富瑕佷綔鐢ㄦ槸鐢ㄤ簬褰撻潪鏌愪釜鏂囦歡鐨勬墍鏈夎?鎴栫粍)鎵ц(鎴栨搷浣滅洰褰?鏂囦歡鏃訛紝鍙互鏆傛椂鑾峰緱璇ユ枃浠舵墍鏈夎呯殑鏉冮檺銆?br />
SBIT鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ湪浜庤闂帶鍒訛紝褰撳畠瀵規煇涓洰褰曡緗灞炴у悗錛岃鐩綍涓嬬殑鎵鏈夋枃浠訛紝鍗充嬌鍏跺畠浜烘湁w灞炴э紝閮戒笉寰楀鍏舵洿鍚嶃佺Щ鍔ㄣ佸垹闄ゃ?/p>
璁劇疆鏂規硶錛?br />
濡傛灉浣犲凡緇忔帉鎻′簡鐢?鍏繘鍒?鏁板瓧鏉ヨ〃紺烘潈闄愮殑瑙勫垯錛屽啀緇撳悎chmod鍛戒護榪涜璁劇疆灝卞緢綆鍗曚簡銆備互涓嬫槸SUID/SGID/Sticky Bit綰﹀畾瀵瑰簲鐨勫叓榪涘埗鏁板鹼細
鎬葷粨錛?/span>
1錛嶴et UID錛氬綋鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨?鎵鏈夎呮潈闄愮粍鍚?鐨勫彲鎵ц浣嶈s(鍗硆ws------)鍙栦唬鏃訛紝鏋勬垚鐗規畩鏉冮檺瑙勫畾Set UID錛岀畝縐癝UID銆備粎瀵圭郴緇熶腑鐨勪簩榪涘埗鍙墽琛屾枃浠惰緗湁鏁堬紝鑰屼笖涓嶅彲瀵筍hell Script鏂藉姞璁劇疆銆?br />
2錛嶴et GID錛氬綋鎵鏈夎呮墍鍦ㄧ殑鐢ㄦ埛緇?group)鐨勬潈闄愮粍鍚堜腑鍙墽琛屼綅琚玸鎵鍙栦唬鏃?渚嬪--rws--)錛屼究鏋勬垚Set GID鐨勬潈闄愯緗係GID鍙互閽堝浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠舵垨鐩綍榪涜璁劇疆銆?br />
3錛嶴ticky Bit錛氬綋鏂囦歡緋葷粺"鍏朵粬(others)"鐨勬潈闄愮粍鍚堜腑鍙墽琛屼綅琚玹鎵鍙栦唬鏃?渚嬪------rwt)錛屼究鏋勬垚Sticky Bit鐨勬潈闄愯緗傚畠鍙鐩綍鏈夋晥銆?
SUID 錛?4
SGID 錛?2
SBIT 錛?1
璁劇疆鏃舵垜浠妸琛ㄧず鐗規畩鏉冮檺鐨勬暟瀛楁斁鍦ㄥ叾浠栦笁浣嶆暟瀛楁潈闄愮殑鍓嶉潰銆?/p>
grub寮曞涓紝鍦╧ernal 涓緗畆oot鍒嗗尯鐜板湪鏈?涓柟寮?nbsp;
1. 浣跨敤鍗鋒爣
鏌ョ湅/etc/fstab錛屽彲浠ョ湅鍒扮被浼?/p>
label=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
/dev/hda7 /usr ext3 defaults 1 1
絎簩琛岀殑鎰忔濆緢瀹規槗鎳傦紝灝辨槸鎶?dev/hda7 mount鍒?usr 涓娿傜涓琛屾病鏈夋寚鏄庡垎鍖猴紝鎰忔濇槸鎶妉abel(鍗鋒爣)涓? 鐨勫垎鍖簃ount鍒?涓娿傝繖鏍峰啓鐨勫ソ澶勫湪浜庡嵆浣垮鏋滄妸紜洏浠庝富鏉夸笂鐨刬de0(hda) 鎹㈠埌ide2(hdc)涓婏紝緋葷粺浠嶇劧鍙互鑷姩鎸傝澆姝g‘鐨勫垎鍖恒傞氬父Linux瀹夎鐨勬椂鍊欏凡緇忚嚜鍔ㄦ寚瀹氫簡鍗鋒爣銆?/p>
鎵浠ユ垜浠彲浠ヨ繖鏍瘋緗畆oot鍒嗗尯 , kernel **** root=LABEL=/
2. 浣跨敤UUID
UUID 鍏ㄧО鏄?Universally Unique Identifier錛屼篃灝辨槸璇達紝姣忎釜鍒嗗尯鏈変竴涓敮涓鐨?UUID 鍊鹼紝榪欐牱灝變笉浼氬彂鐢熷垎鍖鴻瘑鍒販涔辯殑闂浜嗐?nbsp;
鏈?3 縐嶆柟娉曪細
1. 閫氳繃嫻忚 /dev/disk/by-uuid/ 涓嬬殑璁懼鏂囦歡淇℃伅銆?
# ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
------
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 10-13 09:14 0909-090B -> ../../sdb5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 10-13 09:13 7c627a81-7a6b-4806-987b-b5a8a0a93645 -> ../../sda4
.....
2. 閫氳繃 vol_id 鍛戒護銆?
# vol_id /dev/sdb5
3. 閫氳繃 blkid 鍛戒護
# sudo blkid
/dev/sdb5: LABEL="SWAP" UUID="0909-090B" TYPE="vfat"
閫氳繃榪欎笁縐嶆柟娉曢兘鍙互鑾峰緱鍒嗗尯鐨?UUID錛孶UID 渚濇嵁鍒嗗尯涓嶅悓錛岄暱搴﹀拰鏍煎紡閮戒笉鐩稿悓銆?
root=UUID=*****
3. 浣跨敤win妯″紡涓嬬殑/dev/*
閫氳繃explore2fs鏌ョ湅root , home瀵瑰簲鐨勫垎鍖猴紝鏄劇ず鏍煎紡濡傦細/dev/sda2
root=/dev/sda2