顥ヮ棩閮ㄧ講鎻忚堪絎︽枃浠跺氨鍍忔墍鏈塜ML鏂囦歡涓鏍鳳紝蹇呴』浠ヤ竴涓猉ML澶村紑濮嬨傝繖涓ご澹版槑鍙互浣跨敤鐨刋ML鐗堟湰騫剁粰鍑烘枃浠剁殑瀛楃緙栫爜銆?BR>顥ヮ棩DOCYTPE澹版槑蹇呴』绔嬪嵆鍑虹幇鍦ㄦ澶翠箣鍚庛傝繖涓０鏄庡憡璇夋湇鍔″櫒閫傜敤鐨剆ervlet瑙勮寖鐨勭増鏈紙濡?.2鎴?.3錛夊茍鎸囧畾綆＄悊姝ゆ枃浠跺叾浣欓儴鍒嗗唴瀹圭殑璇硶鐨凞TD(Document Type Definition錛屾枃妗ｇ被鍨嬪畾涔?銆?BR>顥ヮ棩鎵鏈夐儴緗叉弿榪扮鏂囦歡鐨勯《灞傦紙鏍癸級鍏冪礌涓簑eb-app銆傝娉ㄦ剰錛孹ML鍏冪礌涓嶅儚HTML錛屼粬浠槸澶у皬鍐欐晱鎰熺殑銆傚洜姝わ紝web-App鍜學EB-APP閮芥槸涓嶅悎娉曠殑錛寃eb-app蹇呴』鐢ㄥ皬鍐欍?BR>顥ヮ棩
顥ヮ棩2 閮ㄧ講鎻忚堪絎︽枃浠跺唴鐨勫厓绱犳搴?BR>顥ヮ棩
顥ヮ棩XML鍏冪礌涓嶄粎鏄ぇ灝忓啓鏁忔劅鐨勶紝鑰屼笖瀹冧滑榪樺鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ叾浠栧厓绱犱腑鐨勬搴忔晱鎰熴備緥濡傦紝XML澶村繀欏繪槸鏂囦歡涓殑絎竴欏癸紝DOCTYPE澹版槑蹇呴』鏄浜岄」錛岃寃eb-app鍏冪礌蹇呴』鏄涓夐」銆傚湪web-app鍏冪礌鍐咃紝鍏冪礌鐨勬搴忎篃寰堥噸瑕併傛湇鍔″櫒涓嶄竴瀹氬己鍒惰姹傝繖縐嶆搴忥紝浣嗗畠浠厑璁革紙瀹為檯涓婃湁浜涙湇鍔″櫒灝辨槸榪欐牱鍋氱殑錛夊畬鍏ㄦ嫆緇濇墽琛屽惈鏈夋搴忎笉姝ｇ‘鐨勫厓绱犵殑Web搴旂敤銆傝繖琛ㄧず浣跨敤闈炴爣鍑嗗厓绱犳搴忕殑web.xml鏂囦歡鏄笉鍙Щ妞嶇殑銆?BR>顥ヮ棩涓嬮潰鐨勫垪琛ㄧ粰鍑轟簡鎵鏈夊彲鐩存帴鍑虹幇鍦╳eb-app鍏冪礌鍐呯殑鍚堟硶鍏冪礌鎵蹇呴渶鐨勬搴忋備緥濡傦紝姝ゅ垪琛ㄨ鏄巗ervlet鍏冪礌蹇呴』鍑虹幇鍦ㄦ墍鏈塻ervlet-mapping鍏冪礌涔嬪墠銆傝娉ㄦ剰錛屾墍鏈夎繖浜涘厓绱犻兘鏄彲閫夌殑銆傚洜姝わ紝鍙互鐪佺暐鎺夋煇涓鍏冪礌錛屼絾涓嶈兘鎶婂畠鏀句簬涓嶆紜殑浣嶇疆銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l icon icon鍏冪礌鎸囧嚭IDE鍜孏UI宸ュ叿鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧずWeb搴旂敤鐨勪竴涓拰涓や釜鍥懼儚鏂囦歡鐨勪綅緗?BR>顥ヮ棩l display-name display-name鍏冪礌鎻愪緵GUI宸ュ叿鍙兘浼氱敤鏉ユ爣璁拌繖涓壒瀹氱殑Web搴旂敤鐨勪竴涓悕縐般?BR>顥ヮ棩l description description鍏冪礌緇欏嚭涓庢鏈夊叧鐨勮鏄庢ф枃鏈?BR>顥ヮ棩l context-param context-param鍏冪礌澹版槑搴旂敤鑼冨洿鍐呯殑鍒濆鍖栧弬鏁般?BR>顥ヮ棩l filter 榪囨護鍣ㄥ厓绱犲皢涓涓悕瀛椾笌涓涓疄鐜癹avax.servlet.Filter鎺ュ彛鐨勭被鐩稿叧鑱斻?BR>顥ヮ棩l filter-mapping 涓鏃﹀懡鍚嶄簡涓涓繃婊ゅ櫒錛屽氨瑕佸埄鐢╢ilter-mapping鍏冪礌鎶婂畠涓庝竴涓垨澶氫釜servlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰鐩稿叧鑱斻?BR>顥ヮ棩l listener servlet API鐨勭増鏈?.3澧炲姞浜嗗浜嬩歡鐩戝惉紼嬪簭鐨勬敮鎸侊紝浜嬩歡鐩戝惉紼嬪簭鍦ㄥ緩绔嬨佷慨鏀瑰拰鍒犻櫎浼氳瘽鎴杝ervlet鐜鏃跺緱鍒伴氱煡銆侺istener鍏冪礌鎸囧嚭浜嬩歡鐩戝惉紼嬪簭綾匯?BR>顥ヮ棩l servlet 鍦ㄥ悜servlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰鍒跺畾鍒濆鍖栧弬鏁版垨瀹氬埗URL鏃訛紝蹇呴』棣栧厛鍛藉悕servlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰銆係ervlet鍏冪礌灝辨槸鐢ㄦ潵瀹屾垚姝ら」浠誨姟鐨勩?BR>顥ヮ棩l servlet-mapping 鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ竴鑸負servlet鎻愪緵涓涓己鐪佺殑URL錛歨ttp://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/ServletName銆備絾鏄紝甯稿父浼氭洿鏀硅繖涓猆RL錛屼互渚縮ervlet鍙互璁塊棶鍒濆鍖栧弬鏁版垨鏇村鏄撳湴澶勭悊鐩稿URL銆傚湪鏇存敼緙虹渷URL鏃訛紝浣跨敤servlet-mapping鍏冪礌銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l session-config 濡傛灉鏌愪釜浼氳瘽鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭椂闂村唴鏈璁塊棶錛屾湇鍔″櫒鍙互鎶涘純瀹冧互鑺傜渷鍐呭瓨銆傚彲閫氳繃浣跨敤HttpSession鐨剆etMaxInactiveInterval鏂規硶鏄庣‘璁劇疆鍗曚釜浼氳瘽瀵硅薄鐨勮秴鏃跺鹼紝鎴栬呭彲鍒╃敤session-config鍏冪礌鍒跺畾緙虹渷瓚呮椂鍊箋?BR>顥ヮ棩l mime-mapping 濡傛灉Web搴旂敤鍏鋒湁鎯沖埌鐗規畩鐨勬枃浠訛紝甯屾湜鑳戒繚璇佺粰浠栦滑鍒嗛厤鐗瑰畾鐨凪IME綾誨瀷錛屽垯mime-mapping鍏冪礌鎻愪緵榪欑淇濊瘉銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l welcom-file-list welcome-file-list鍏冪礌鎸囩ず鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ湪鏀跺埌寮曠敤涓涓洰褰曞悕鑰屼笉鏄枃浠跺悕鐨刄RL鏃訛紝浣跨敤鍝釜鏂囦歡銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l error-page error-page鍏冪礌浣垮緱鍦ㄨ繑鍥炵壒瀹欻TTP鐘舵佷唬鐮佹椂錛屾垨鑰呯壒瀹氱被鍨嬬殑寮傚父琚姏鍑烘椂錛岃兘澶熷埗瀹氬皢瑕佹樉紺虹殑欏甸潰銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l taglib taglib鍏冪礌瀵規爣璁板簱鎻忚堪絎︽枃浠訛紙Tag Libraryu Descriptor file錛夋寚瀹氬埆鍚嶃傛鍔熻兘浣夸綘鑳藉鏇存敼TLD鏂囦歡鐨勪綅緗紝鑰屼笉鐢ㄧ紪杈戜嬌鐢ㄨ繖浜涙枃浠剁殑JSP欏甸潰銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l resource-env-ref resource-env-ref鍏冪礌澹版槑涓庤祫婧愮浉鍏崇殑涓涓鐞嗗璞°?BR>顥ヮ棩l resource-ref resource-ref鍏冪礌澹版槑涓涓祫婧愬伐鍘備嬌鐢ㄧ殑澶栭儴璧勬簮銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l security-constraint security-constraint鍏冪礌鍒跺畾搴旇淇濇姢鐨刄RL銆傚畠涓巐ogin-config鍏冪礌鑱斿悎浣跨敤
顥ヮ棩l login-config 鐢╨ogin-config鍏冪礌鏉ユ寚瀹氭湇鍔″櫒搴旇鎬庢牱緇欒瘯鍥捐闂彈淇濇姢欏甸潰鐨勭敤鎴鋒巿鏉冦傚畠涓巗ercurity-constraint鍏冪礌鑱斿悎浣跨敤銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l security-role security-role鍏冪礌緇欏嚭瀹夊叏瑙掕壊鐨勪竴涓垪琛紝榪欎簺瑙掕壊灝嗗嚭鐜板湪servlet鍏冪礌鍐呯殑security-role-ref鍏冪礌鐨剅ole-name瀛愬厓绱犱腑銆傚垎鍒湴澹版槑瑙掕壊鍙嬌楂樼駭IDE澶勭悊瀹夊叏淇℃伅鏇翠負瀹規槗銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l env-entry env-entry鍏冪礌澹版槑Web搴旂敤鐨勭幆澧冮」銆?BR>顥ヮ棩l ejb-ref ejb-ref鍏冪礌澹版槑涓涓狤JB鐨勪富鐩綍鐨勫紩鐢ㄣ?BR>顥ヮ棩l ejb-local-ref ejb-local-ref鍏冪礌澹版槑涓涓狤JB鐨勬湰鍦頒富鐩綍鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ?BR>顥ヮ棩
顥ヮ棩3 鍒嗛厤鍚嶇О鍜屽畾鍒剁殑UL
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顥ヮ棩鍦╳eb.xml涓畬鎴愮殑涓涓渶甯歌鐨勪換鍔℃槸瀵箂ervlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰緇欏嚭鍚嶇О鍜屽畾鍒剁殑URL銆傜敤servlet鍏冪礌鍒嗛厤鍚嶇О錛屼嬌鐢╯ervlet-mapping鍏冪礌灝嗗畾鍒剁殑URL涓庡垰鍒嗛厤鐨勫悕縐扮浉鍏寵仈銆?BR>顥ヮ棩3.1 鍒嗛厤鍚嶇О
顥ヮ棩涓轟簡鎻愪緵鍒濆鍖栧弬鏁幫紝瀵箂ervlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰瀹氫箟涓涓畾鍒禪RL鎴栧垎閰嶄竴涓畨鍏ㄨ鑹詫紝蹇呴』棣栧厛緇檚ervlet鎴朖SP欏甸潰涓涓悕縐般傚彲閫氳繃servlet鍏冪礌鍒嗛厤涓涓悕縐般傛渶甯歌鐨勬牸寮忓寘鎷瑂ervlet-name鍜宻ervlet-class瀛愬厓绱狅紙鍦╳eb-app鍏冪礌鍐咃級錛屽涓嬫墍紺猴細
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顥ヮ棩榪欒〃紺轟綅浜嶹EB-INF/classes/moreservlets/TestServlet鐨剆ervlet宸茬粡寰楀埌浜嗘敞鍐屽悕Test銆傜粰servlet涓涓悕縐板叿鏈変袱涓富瑕佺殑鍚箟銆傞鍏堬紝鍒濆鍖栧弬鏁般佸畾鍒剁殑URL妯″紡浠ュ強鍏朵粬瀹氬埗閫氳繃姝ゆ敞鍐屽悕鑰屼笉鏄被鍚嶅紩鐢ㄦservlet銆傚叾嬈?鍙湪URL鑰屼笉鏄被鍚嶄腑浣跨敤姝ゅ悕縐般傚洜姝わ紝鍒╃敤鍒氭墠緇欏嚭鐨勫畾涔夛紝URL http://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/Test 鍙敤浜?http://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/moreservlets.TestServlet 鐨勫満鎵銆?BR>顥ヮ棩璇瘋浣忥細XML鍏冪礌涓嶄粎鏄ぇ灝忓啓鏁忔劅鐨勶紝鑰屼笖瀹氫箟瀹冧滑鐨勬搴忎篃寰堥噸瑕併備緥濡傦紝web-app鍏冪礌鍐呮墍鏈塻ervlet鍏冪礌蹇呴』浣嶄簬鎵鏈塻ervlet-mapping鍏冪礌錛堜笅涓灝忚妭浠嬬粛錛変箣鍓嶏紝鑰屼笖榪樿浣嶄簬5.6鑺傚拰5.11鑺傝璁虹殑涓庤繃婊ゅ櫒鎴栨枃妗ｇ浉鍏崇殑鍏冪礌錛堝鏋滄湁鐨勮瘽錛変箣鍓嶃傜被浼煎湴錛宻ervlet鐨剆ervlet-name瀛愬厓绱犱篃蹇呴』鍑虹幇鍦╯ervlet-class涔嬪墠銆?.2鑺?閮ㄧ講鎻忚堪絎︽枃浠跺唴鐨勫厓绱犳搴?灝嗚緇嗕粙緇嶈繖縐嶅繀闇鐨勬搴忋?BR>顥ヮ棩渚嬪錛岀▼搴忔竻鍗?-1緇欏嚭浜嗕竴涓悕涓篢estServlet鐨勭畝鍗晄ervlet錛屽畠椹葷暀鍦╩oreservlets紼嬪簭鍖呬腑銆傚洜涓烘servlet鏄墡鏍瑰湪涓涓悕涓篸eployDemo鐨勭洰褰曚腑鐨刉eb搴旂敤鐨勭粍鎴愰儴鍒嗭紝鎵浠estServlet.class鏀懼湪deployDemo/WEB-INF/classes/moreservlets涓傜▼搴忔竻鍗?-2緇欏嚭灝嗘斁緗湪deployDemo/WEB-INF/鍐呯殑web.xml鏂囦歡鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆傛web.xml鏂囦歡浣跨敤servlet-name鍜宻ervlet-class鍏冪礌灝嗗悕縐癟est涓嶵estServlet.class鐩稿叧鑱斻傚浘5-1鍜屽浘5-2鍒嗗埆鏄劇ず鍒╃敤緙虹渷URL鍜屾敞鍐屽悕璋冪敤TestServlet鏃剁殑緇撴灉銆?BR>顥ヮ棩
顥ヮ棩紼嬪簭娓呭崟5-1 TestServlet.java
顥ヮ棩package moreservlets;
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顥ヮ棩import java.io.*;
顥ヮ棩import javax.servlet.*;
顥ヮ棩import javax.servlet.http.*;
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顥ヮ棩/** Simple servlet used to illustrate servlet naming
顥ヮ棩* and custom URLs.
顥ヮ棩*
顥ヮ棩* Taken from More Servlets and JavaServer Pages
顥ヮ棩* from Prentice Hall and Sun Microsystems Press,
顥ヮ棩* http://www.moreservlets.com/.
顥ヮ棩* 漏 2002 Marty Hall; may be freely used or adapted.
顥ヮ棩*/
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顥ヮ棩public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
顥ヮ棩public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
顥ヮ棩HttpServletResponse response)
顥ヮ棩throws ServletException, IOException {
顥ヮ棩response.setContentType("text/html");
顥ヮ棩PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
顥ヮ棩String uri = request.getRequestURI();
顥ヮ棩out.println(ServletUtilities.headWithTitle("Test Servlet") +"\n" +" URI: " + uri + "\n" +"");
顥ヮ棩}
顥ヮ棩}
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顥ヮ棩紼嬪簭娓呭崟5-2 web.xml錛堣鏄巗ervlet鍚嶇О鐨勬憳褰曪級
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顥ヮ棩顥ヮ棩PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
顥ヮ棩"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
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顥ヮ棩
顥ヮ棩3.2 瀹氫箟瀹氬埗鐨刄RL
顥ヮ棩澶у鏁版湇鍔″櫒鍏鋒湁涓涓己鐪佺殑serlvet URL錛?BR>顥ヮ棩http://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/packageName.ServletName銆傝櫧鐒跺湪寮鍙戜腑浣跨敤榪欎釜URL寰堟柟渚匡紝浣嗘槸鎴戜滑甯稿父浼氬笇鏈涘彟涓涓猆RL鐢ㄤ簬閮ㄧ講銆備緥濡傦紝鍙兘浼氶渶瑕佷竴涓嚭鐜板湪Web搴旂敤欏跺眰鐨刄RL錛堝錛宧ttp://host/webAppPrefix/Anyname錛夛紝騫朵笖鍦ㄦURL涓病鏈塻ervlet欏廣備綅浜庨《灞傜殑URL綆鍖栦簡鐩稿URL鐨勪嬌鐢ㄣ傛澶栵紝瀵硅澶氬紑鍙戜漢鍛樻潵璇達紝欏跺眰URL鐪嬩笂鍘繪瘮鏇撮暱鏇撮夯鐑︾殑緙虹渷URL鏇寸畝鐭?BR>顥ヮ棩浜嬪疄涓婏紝鏈夋椂闇瑕佷嬌鐢ㄥ畾鍒剁殑URL銆傛瘮濡傦紝浣犲彲鑳芥兂鍏抽棴緙虹渷URL鏄犲皠錛屼互渚挎洿濂藉湴寮哄埗瀹炴柦瀹夊叏闄愬埗鎴栭槻姝㈢敤鎴鋒剰澶栧湴璁塊棶鏃犲垵濮嬪寲鍙傛暟鐨剆ervlet銆傚鏋滀綘紱佹浜嗙己鐪佺殑URL錛岄偅涔堜綘鎬庢牱璁塊棶servlet鍛紵榪欐椂鍙湁浣跨敤瀹氬埗鐨刄RL浜嗐?BR>顥ヮ棩涓轟簡鍒嗛厤涓涓畾鍒剁殑URL錛屽彲浣跨敤servlet-mapping鍏冪礌鍙婂叾servlet-name鍜寀rl-pattern瀛愬厓绱犮係ervlet-name鍏冪礌鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓換鎰忓悕縐幫紝鍙埄鐢ㄦ鍚嶇О寮曠敤鐩稿簲鐨剆ervlet錛泆rl-pattern鎻忚堪浜嗙浉瀵逛簬Web搴旂敤鐨勬牴鐩綍鐨刄RL銆倁rl-pattern鍏冪礌鐨勫煎繀欏諱互鏂滄潬錛?錛夎搗濮嬨?BR>顥ヮ棩涓嬮潰緇欏嚭涓涓畝鍗曠殑web.xml鎽樺綍錛屽畠鍏佽浣跨敤URL http://host/webAppPrefix/UrlTest鑰屼笉鏄痟ttp://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/Test鎴?BR>顥ヮ棩http://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/moreservlets.TestServlet銆傝娉ㄦ剰錛屼粛鐒墮渶瑕?
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